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Comparison · latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Compare / Russia vs South Africa

Russia vs South Africa

Side-by-side comparison of Russia and South Africa from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.

Russia

Europe & Central Asia · nation age 1,144 years

NationsTree Index63.851st of 196
Tree height54 m 
vs
26:13
indicators where each ranks higher

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa · nation age 116 years

NationsTree Index41.9122nd of 196
Tree height18 m 
Open in the comparison tool Data as of 26 October 2026

In short

Russia scores 63.8 in the NationsTree Index (51st in the world) and South Africa scores 41.9 (122nd), a gap of 21.9 points. Their trees are 54 m and 18 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.

Russia has 2.2 times the population of South Africa. Russia is 14 times larger than South Africa by land area. Russia has an economy 7.0 times the size of South Africa (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Russia 143.5 million and South Africa 64.7 million (2025).

GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $49,568 in Russia and $15,906 in South Africa (2025, international dollars). People in Russia live on average 7.1 years longer (73.4 vs 66.3 years).

Of 39 indicators reported by both countries, Russia ranks higher in the world on 26 and South Africa on 13. Russia is clearly stronger in military, society & health and economy. South Africa is clearly stronger in institutions & safety.

As a nation, Russia is the older of the two (statehood since 882, 1,144 years), compared with South Africa (since 1910). Over the last five years Russia improved faster (direction score 45 vs 7 out of 100).

Where they differ most

The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Russia and South Africa.

Over time

How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.

NationsTree IndexRussiaSouth Africa
304050607080 1993 1998 2003 2008 2013 2018 2023 2025

Russia overtook South Africa in GDP per person (PPP) in 2003 and has stayed ahead since.

Russia has been ahead of South Africa in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1993.

Russia has been ahead of South Africa in GDP (PPP), life expectancy and population in every year since 1990.

Strength by category

Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i

All indicators

Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.

Indicator Russia South Africa
Land & people
Surface area i km² 17,125,1901st/216 · 2024 1,219,60224th/216 · 2024
Land area i km² 16,376,8701st/216 · 2024 1,213,09024th/216 · 2024
Population i people 143.5 m9th/217 · 2025 64.7 m24th/217 · 2025
Population growth i % -0.11%178th/217 · 2025 1.15%93rd/217 · 2025
Population density i people/km² 8.8203rd/216 · 2024 52.8151st/216 · 2024
Urban population i % 75.3%73rd/217 · 2025 63.8%111th/217 · 2025
Population aged 0–14 i % 17.0%154th/217 · 2025 25.7%91st/217 · 2025
Population aged 65+ i % 17.8%50th/217 · 2025 6.9%126th/217 · 2025
Economy
GDP i USD $2.56 trn8th/210 · 2025 $427.18 bn40th/210 · 2025
GDP (PPP) i intl. USD $7.24 trn4th/199 · 2025 $1.03 trn32nd/199 · 2025
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) i intl. USD 2021 $6.18 trn4th/199 · 2025 $880.05 bn32nd/199 · 2025
GDP per person i USD $17,54784th/210 · 2025 $6,598125th/210 · 2025
GDP per person (PPP) i intl. USD $49,56855th/199 · 2025 $15,906120th/199 · 2025
GNI per person (Atlas) i USD $15,96076th/201 · 2025 $6,270116th/201 · 2025
GDP growth i % 1.0%175th/210 · 2025 1.1%169th/210 · 2025
Inflation i % 8.7%155th/180 · 2025 3.2%92nd/180 · 2025
Unemployment i % 2.1%18th/187 · 2025 32.4%186th/187 · 2025
Central government debt i % of GDP 17.9%4th/55 · 2024 82.8%45th/55 · 2024
General government gross debt i % of GDP 16.6%15th/189 · 2025 78.4%145th/189 · 2025
Government budget balance i % of GDP -3.9%129th/192 · 2025 -5.6%160th/192 · 2025
Main industries
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i % of GDP 3.1%127th/197 · 2025 2.8%130th/197 · 2025
Industry incl. construction i % of GDP 29.7%55th/200 · 2025 24.1%95th/200 · 2025
Manufacturing i % of GDP 13.7%54th/192 · 2025 12.3%76th/192 · 2025
Services i % of GDP 58.9%94th/200 · 2025 63.1%67th/200 · 2025
Trade
Exports of goods & services i USD $466.24 bn22nd/182 · 2025 $134.18 bn42nd/182 · 2025
Imports of goods & services i USD $397.18 bn25th/182 · 2025 $126.02 bn43rd/182 · 2025
Exports i % of GDP 18.2%151st/183 · 2025 31.4%109th/183 · 2025
Imports i % of GDP 15.5%176th/183 · 2025 29.5%134th/183 · 2025
Trade openness i % of GDP 33.7%173rd/183 · 2025 60.9%126th/183 · 2025
Fuel exports i % of merchandise exports 43.1%25th/170 · 2021 8.2%58th/170 · 2025
Manufactures exports i % of merchandise exports 22.1%102nd/171 · 2021 38.3%80th/171 · 2025
Food exports i % of merchandise exports 6.6%133rd/171 · 2021 12.8%101st/171 · 2025
Ores & metals exports i % of merchandise exports 7.4%50th/171 · 2021 30.4%18th/171 · 2025
High-tech exports i % of manufactured exports 9.7%67th/168 · 2021 5.7%91st/168 · 2024
Current account balance i % of GDP 1.5%63rd/191 · 2025 -0.5%80th/191 · 2025
Foreign direct investment, inflows i % of GDP 0.4%161st/196 · 2025 -0.5%183rd/196 · 2025
Natural resources
Natural resource rents i % of GDP 18.5%25th/209 · 2021 7.3%58th/209 · 2021
Oil rents i % of GDP 9.67%20th/197 · 2021 0.40%57th/197 · 2021
Natural gas rents i % of GDP 5.86%11th/197 · 2021 0.03%71st/197 · 2021
Coal rents i % of GDP 0.61%11th/195 · 2021 2.44%4th/195 · 2021
Mineral rents i % of GDP 2.05%35th/209 · 2021 3.83%28th/209 · 2021
Forest rents i % of GDP 0.31%79th/209 · 2021 0.63%66th/209 · 2021
Arable land i % of land area 7.4%117th/206 · 2024 9.9%105th/206 · 2024
Renewable freshwater per person i m³ 29,89520th/183 · 2022 718145th/183 · 2022
Tourism
International tourist arrivals i arrivals 6.4 m31st/194 · 2020 3.9 m45th/194 · 2020
Tourism receipts i USD $4.96 bn30th/175 · 2020 $2.72 bn43rd/175 · 2020
Tourism receipts i % of exports 1.3%145th/168 · 2020 2.9%109th/168 · 2020
Outbound trips i departures 12.4 m16th/107 · 2020 —
Society & health
Life expectancy i years 73.4122nd/217 · 2024 66.3183rd/217 · 2024
Under-5 mortality i per 1,000 births 5.241st/196 · 2024 35.1144th/196 · 2024
Physicians i per 1,000 people 5.118th/174 · 2022 0.79108th/174 · 2022
Hospital beds i per 1,000 people 6.88th/145 · 2023 2.32010
DPT immunization i % of children 12–23 months 97%29th/193 · 2024 74%160th/193 · 2024
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i % of adults 98.6%15th/153 · 2021 85.4%61st/153 · 2024
Secondary enrolment i % gross 92.5%89th/173 · 2023 104.1%46th/173 · 2023
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i % of population 77.5%2017 78.4%12th/55 · 2021
Old-age dependency ratio i % of working-age population 27.3%51st/217 · 2025 10.2%129th/217 · 2025
Health spending i % of GDP 7.0%85th/193 · 2023 8.9%47th/193 · 2023
Adult literacy i % 99.9%3rd/98 · 2021 91.2%48th/98 · 2024
Tertiary enrolment i % gross 60.4%59th/150 · 2024 23.5%115th/150 · 2023
Human Development Index i index 0–1 0.83264th/193 · 2023 0.741106th/193 · 2023
Income inequality (Gini) i index 33.042nd/108 · 2023 54.1107th/108 · 2022
Extreme poverty i % of population 0.1%10th/108 · 2023 17.4%87th/108 · 2022
Infrastructure & digital
Access to electricity i % of population 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 90.2%161st/215 · 2024
Safely managed drinking water i % of population 76.3%80th/150 · 2024 68.0%90th/150 · 2024
Safely managed sanitation i % of population 58.2%76th/144 · 2024 73.8%60th/144 · 2024
Internet users i % of population 94.4%31st/186 · 2024 78.4%105th/186 · 2024
Mobile subscriptions i per 100 people 1869th/210 · 2024 17911th/210 · 2024
Fixed broadband i per 100 people 27.170th/208 · 2024 5.3137th/208 · 2024
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) i score 1–5 2.7071st/164 · 2022 3.6029th/164 · 2022
Rail lines i route-km 85,5443rd/82 · 2021 20,9539th/82 · 2021
Air passengers carried i passengers 98.9 m8th/161 · 2023 15.5 m42nd/161 · 2023
Environment & energy
CO₂ emissions per person i t CO₂e 13.98190th/203 · 2024 6.88168th/203 · 2024
Renewable energy i % of final energy use 3.5%172nd/212 · 2021 9.7%146th/212 · 2021
Air pollution (PM2.5) i µg/m³ 11.659th/200 · 2023 27.7146th/200 · 2023
Forest area i % of land area 50.8%56th/214 · 2024 18.8%134th/214 · 2024
Energy use per person i kg oil eq. 5,72711th/149 · 2024 1,90761st/149 · 2024
Institutions & safety
Government effectiveness i score 0–100 42.1143rd/205 · 2025 51.9109th/205 · 2025
Control of corruption i score 0–100 28.2167th/207 · 2025 45.498th/207 · 2025
Rule of law i score 0–100 37.7186th/207 · 2025 59.396th/207 · 2025
Political stability i score 0–100 49.0179th/207 · 2025 58.9142nd/207 · 2025
Regulatory quality i score 0–100 34.9182nd/205 · 2025 54.399th/205 · 2025
Voice & accountability i score 0–100 31.3178th/205 · 2025 70.257th/205 · 2025
Homicide rate i per 100,000 6.8107th/145 · 2021 43.7140th/145 · 2022
Military
Military expenditure i USD $190.42 bn3rd/156 · 2025 $3.17 bn54th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of GDP 7.5%4th/156 · 2025 0.7%133rd/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of government spending 19.8%9th/154 · 2025 2.2%139th/154 · 2025
Armed forces personnel i people 1.5 m4th/170 · 2020 89,00054th/170 · 2020
Armed forces personnel i % of labour force 1.98%29th/168 · 2020 0.40%131st/168 · 2020
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 129.0 m44th/163 · 2025 30.0 m78th/163 · 2025
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 1.9 bn5th/65 · 2025 115.0 m24th/65 · 2025
Science & innovation
R&D spending i % of GDP 0.94%44th/110 · 2024 0.61%58th/110 · 2022
Patent applications by residents i applications 21,5027th/137 · 2024 35053rd/137 · 2024
Scientific articles i articles 85,5587th/197 · 2023 14,94933rd/197 · 2023

Questions and answers

Which has more people, Russia or South Africa?

Russia has the larger population: 143.5 m (2025) compared with 64.7 m for South Africa (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.

Which is bigger by area, Russia or South Africa?

Russia is larger: 17,125,190 km² (2024) compared with 1,219,602 km² for South Africa (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.

Which economy is larger, Russia or South Africa?

Russia has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $7.24 trn intl. (2025) compared with $1.03 trn intl. for South Africa (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.

Which is richer per person, Russia or South Africa?

Russia has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $49,568 intl. (2025) compared with $15,906 intl. for South Africa (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.

Where do people live longer, in Russia or South Africa?

Russia has the higher life expectancy at birth: 73.4 years (2024) compared with 66.3 years for South Africa (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.

Which spends more on the military, Russia or South Africa?

Russia spends more on the military: $190.42 bn (2025) compared with $3.17 bn for South Africa (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.

Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Russia or South Africa?

Russia: 63.8 points (51st in the world); South Africa: 41.9 points (122nd). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.

More comparisons

Sources

World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Russia vs South Africa — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/russia-vs-south-africa. Data as of 26 October 2026.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Russia vs South Africa — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/russia-vs-south-africa. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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