Russia vs South Africa
Side-by-side comparison of Russia and South Africa from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.
Russia
Europe & Central Asia · nation age 1,144 years
South Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa · nation age 116 years
In short
Russia scores 63.8 in the NationsTree Index (51st in the world) and South Africa scores 41.9 (122nd), a gap of 21.9 points. Their trees are 54 m and 18 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.
Russia has 2.2 times the population of South Africa. Russia is 14 times larger than South Africa by land area. Russia has an economy 7.0 times the size of South Africa (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Russia 143.5 million and South Africa 64.7 million (2025).
GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $49,568 in Russia and $15,906 in South Africa (2025, international dollars). People in Russia live on average 7.1 years longer (73.4 vs 66.3 years).
Of 39 indicators reported by both countries, Russia ranks higher in the world on 26 and South Africa on 13. Russia is clearly stronger in military, society & health and economy. South Africa is clearly stronger in institutions & safety.
As a nation, Russia is the older of the two (statehood since 882, 1,144 years), compared with South Africa (since 1910). Over the last five years Russia improved faster (direction score 45 vs 7 out of 100).
Where they differ most
The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Russia and South Africa.
Over time
How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.
Russia overtook South Africa in GDP per person (PPP) in 2003 and has stayed ahead since.
Russia has been ahead of South Africa in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1993.
Russia has been ahead of South Africa in GDP (PPP), life expectancy and population in every year since 1990.
Strength by category
Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i
All indicators
Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.
| Indicator | ||
|---|---|---|
| Land & people | ||
| Surface area km² | 17,125,1901st/216 · 2024 | 1,219,60224th/216 · 2024 |
| Land area km² | 16,376,8701st/216 · 2024 | 1,213,09024th/216 · 2024 |
| Population people | 143.5 m9th/217 · 2025 | 64.7 m24th/217 · 2025 |
| Population growth % | -0.11%178th/217 · 2025 | 1.15%93rd/217 · 2025 |
| Population density people/km² | 8.8203rd/216 · 2024 | 52.8151st/216 · 2024 |
| Urban population % | 75.3%73rd/217 · 2025 | 63.8%111th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 0–14 % | 17.0%154th/217 · 2025 | 25.7%91st/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 65+ % | 17.8%50th/217 · 2025 | 6.9%126th/217 · 2025 |
| Economy | ||
| GDP USD | $2.56 trn8th/210 · 2025 | $427.18 bn40th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP (PPP) intl. USD | $7.24 trn4th/199 · 2025 | $1.03 trn32nd/199 · 2025 |
| Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) intl. USD 2021 | $6.18 trn4th/199 · 2025 | $880.05 bn32nd/199 · 2025 |
| GDP per person USD | $17,54784th/210 · 2025 | $6,598125th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP per person (PPP) intl. USD | $49,56855th/199 · 2025 | $15,906120th/199 · 2025 |
| GNI per person (Atlas) USD | $15,96076th/201 · 2025 | $6,270116th/201 · 2025 |
| GDP growth % | 1.0%175th/210 · 2025 | 1.1%169th/210 · 2025 |
| Inflation % | 8.7%155th/180 · 2025 | 3.2%92nd/180 · 2025 |
| Unemployment % | 2.1%18th/187 · 2025 | 32.4%186th/187 · 2025 |
| Central government debt % of GDP | 17.9%4th/55 · 2024 | 82.8%45th/55 · 2024 |
| General government gross debt % of GDP | 16.6%15th/189 · 2025 | 78.4%145th/189 · 2025 |
| Government budget balance % of GDP | -3.9%129th/192 · 2025 | -5.6%160th/192 · 2025 |
| Main industries | ||
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing % of GDP | 3.1%127th/197 · 2025 | 2.8%130th/197 · 2025 |
| Industry incl. construction % of GDP | 29.7%55th/200 · 2025 | 24.1%95th/200 · 2025 |
| Manufacturing % of GDP | 13.7%54th/192 · 2025 | 12.3%76th/192 · 2025 |
| Services % of GDP | 58.9%94th/200 · 2025 | 63.1%67th/200 · 2025 |
| Trade | ||
| Exports of goods & services USD | $466.24 bn22nd/182 · 2025 | $134.18 bn42nd/182 · 2025 |
| Imports of goods & services USD | $397.18 bn25th/182 · 2025 | $126.02 bn43rd/182 · 2025 |
| Exports % of GDP | 18.2%151st/183 · 2025 | 31.4%109th/183 · 2025 |
| Imports % of GDP | 15.5%176th/183 · 2025 | 29.5%134th/183 · 2025 |
| Trade openness % of GDP | 33.7%173rd/183 · 2025 | 60.9%126th/183 · 2025 |
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 43.1%25th/170 · 2021 | 8.2%58th/170 · 2025 |
| Manufactures exports % of merchandise exports | 22.1%102nd/171 · 2021 | 38.3%80th/171 · 2025 |
| Food exports % of merchandise exports | 6.6%133rd/171 · 2021 | 12.8%101st/171 · 2025 |
| Ores & metals exports % of merchandise exports | 7.4%50th/171 · 2021 | 30.4%18th/171 · 2025 |
| High-tech exports % of manufactured exports | 9.7%67th/168 · 2021 | 5.7%91st/168 · 2024 |
| Current account balance % of GDP | 1.5%63rd/191 · 2025 | -0.5%80th/191 · 2025 |
| Foreign direct investment, inflows % of GDP | 0.4%161st/196 · 2025 | -0.5%183rd/196 · 2025 |
| Natural resources | ||
| Natural resource rents % of GDP | 18.5%25th/209 · 2021 | 7.3%58th/209 · 2021 |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 9.67%20th/197 · 2021 | 0.40%57th/197 · 2021 |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 5.86%11th/197 · 2021 | 0.03%71st/197 · 2021 |
| Coal rents % of GDP | 0.61%11th/195 · 2021 | 2.44%4th/195 · 2021 |
| Mineral rents % of GDP | 2.05%35th/209 · 2021 | 3.83%28th/209 · 2021 |
| Forest rents % of GDP | 0.31%79th/209 · 2021 | 0.63%66th/209 · 2021 |
| Arable land % of land area | 7.4%117th/206 · 2024 | 9.9%105th/206 · 2024 |
| Renewable freshwater per person m³ | 29,89520th/183 · 2022 | 718145th/183 · 2022 |
| Tourism | ||
| International tourist arrivals arrivals | 6.4 m31st/194 · 2020 | 3.9 m45th/194 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts USD | $4.96 bn30th/175 · 2020 | $2.72 bn43rd/175 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts % of exports | 1.3%145th/168 · 2020 | 2.9%109th/168 · 2020 |
| Outbound trips departures | 12.4 m16th/107 · 2020 | — |
| Society & health | ||
| Life expectancy years | 73.4122nd/217 · 2024 | 66.3183rd/217 · 2024 |
| Under-5 mortality per 1,000 births | 5.241st/196 · 2024 | 35.1144th/196 · 2024 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people | 5.118th/174 · 2022 | 0.79108th/174 · 2022 |
| Hospital beds per 1,000 people | 6.88th/145 · 2023 | 2.32010 |
| DPT immunization % of children 12–23 months | 97%29th/193 · 2024 | 74%160th/193 · 2024 |
| Completed lower secondary, 25+ % of adults | 98.6%15th/153 · 2021 | 85.4%61st/153 · 2024 |
| Secondary enrolment % gross | 92.5%89th/173 · 2023 | 104.1%46th/173 · 2023 |
| Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) % of population | 77.5%2017 | 78.4%12th/55 · 2021 |
| Old-age dependency ratio % of working-age population | 27.3%51st/217 · 2025 | 10.2%129th/217 · 2025 |
| Health spending % of GDP | 7.0%85th/193 · 2023 | 8.9%47th/193 · 2023 |
| Adult literacy % | 99.9%3rd/98 · 2021 | 91.2%48th/98 · 2024 |
| Tertiary enrolment % gross | 60.4%59th/150 · 2024 | 23.5%115th/150 · 2023 |
| Human Development Index index 0–1 | 0.83264th/193 · 2023 | 0.741106th/193 · 2023 |
| Income inequality (Gini) index | 33.042nd/108 · 2023 | 54.1107th/108 · 2022 |
| Extreme poverty % of population | 0.1%10th/108 · 2023 | 17.4%87th/108 · 2022 |
| Infrastructure & digital | ||
| Access to electricity % of population | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 | 90.2%161st/215 · 2024 |
| Safely managed drinking water % of population | 76.3%80th/150 · 2024 | 68.0%90th/150 · 2024 |
| Safely managed sanitation % of population | 58.2%76th/144 · 2024 | 73.8%60th/144 · 2024 |
| Internet users % of population | 94.4%31st/186 · 2024 | 78.4%105th/186 · 2024 |
| Mobile subscriptions per 100 people | 1869th/210 · 2024 | 17911th/210 · 2024 |
| Fixed broadband per 100 people | 27.170th/208 · 2024 | 5.3137th/208 · 2024 |
| Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) score 1–5 | 2.7071st/164 · 2022 | 3.6029th/164 · 2022 |
| Rail lines route-km | 85,5443rd/82 · 2021 | 20,9539th/82 · 2021 |
| Air passengers carried passengers | 98.9 m8th/161 · 2023 | 15.5 m42nd/161 · 2023 |
| Environment & energy | ||
| CO₂ emissions per person t CO₂e | 13.98190th/203 · 2024 | 6.88168th/203 · 2024 |
| Renewable energy % of final energy use | 3.5%172nd/212 · 2021 | 9.7%146th/212 · 2021 |
| Air pollution (PM2.5) µg/m³ | 11.659th/200 · 2023 | 27.7146th/200 · 2023 |
| Forest area % of land area | 50.8%56th/214 · 2024 | 18.8%134th/214 · 2024 |
| Energy use per person kg oil eq. | 5,72711th/149 · 2024 | 1,90761st/149 · 2024 |
| Institutions & safety | ||
| Government effectiveness score 0–100 | 42.1143rd/205 · 2025 | 51.9109th/205 · 2025 |
| Control of corruption score 0–100 | 28.2167th/207 · 2025 | 45.498th/207 · 2025 |
| Rule of law score 0–100 | 37.7186th/207 · 2025 | 59.396th/207 · 2025 |
| Political stability score 0–100 | 49.0179th/207 · 2025 | 58.9142nd/207 · 2025 |
| Regulatory quality score 0–100 | 34.9182nd/205 · 2025 | 54.399th/205 · 2025 |
| Voice & accountability score 0–100 | 31.3178th/205 · 2025 | 70.257th/205 · 2025 |
| Homicide rate per 100,000 | 6.8107th/145 · 2021 | 43.7140th/145 · 2022 |
| Military | ||
| Military expenditure USD | $190.42 bn3rd/156 · 2025 | $3.17 bn54th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of GDP | 7.5%4th/156 · 2025 | 0.7%133rd/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of government spending | 19.8%9th/154 · 2025 | 2.2%139th/154 · 2025 |
| Armed forces personnel people | 1.5 m4th/170 · 2020 | 89,00054th/170 · 2020 |
| Armed forces personnel % of labour force | 1.98%29th/168 · 2020 | 0.40%131st/168 · 2020 |
| Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 129.0 m44th/163 · 2025 | 30.0 m78th/163 · 2025 |
| Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 1.9 bn5th/65 · 2025 | 115.0 m24th/65 · 2025 |
| Science & innovation | ||
| R&D spending % of GDP | 0.94%44th/110 · 2024 | 0.61%58th/110 · 2022 |
| Patent applications by residents applications | 21,5027th/137 · 2024 | 35053rd/137 · 2024 |
| Scientific articles articles | 85,5587th/197 · 2023 | 14,94933rd/197 · 2023 |
Questions and answers
Which has more people, Russia or South Africa?
Russia has the larger population: 143.5 m (2025) compared with 64.7 m for South Africa (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.
Which is bigger by area, Russia or South Africa?
Russia is larger: 17,125,190 km² (2024) compared with 1,219,602 km² for South Africa (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.
Which economy is larger, Russia or South Africa?
Russia has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $7.24 trn intl. (2025) compared with $1.03 trn intl. for South Africa (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.
Which is richer per person, Russia or South Africa?
Russia has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $49,568 intl. (2025) compared with $15,906 intl. for South Africa (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.
Where do people live longer, in Russia or South Africa?
Russia has the higher life expectancy at birth: 73.4 years (2024) compared with 66.3 years for South Africa (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.
Which spends more on the military, Russia or South Africa?
Russia spends more on the military: $190.42 bn (2025) compared with $3.17 bn for South Africa (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.
Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Russia or South Africa?
Russia: 63.8 points (51st in the world); South Africa: 41.9 points (122nd). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.
Sources
World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Russia vs South Africa — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/russia-vs-south-africa. Data as of 26 October 2026.