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Comparison · latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Compare / India vs Russia

India vs Russia

Side-by-side comparison of India and Russia from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.

India

South Asia · nation age 2,347 years

NationsTree Index56.664th of 196
Tree height80 m 
vs
16:23
indicators where each ranks higher

Russia

Europe & Central Asia · nation age 1,144 years

NationsTree Index63.851st of 196
Tree height54 m 
Open in the comparison tool Data as of 26 October 2026

In short

Russia scores 63.8 in the NationsTree Index (51st in the world) and India scores 56.6 (64th), a gap of 7.3 points. Their trees are 80 m and 54 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.

India has 10 times the population of Russia. Russia is 5.2 times larger than India by land area. India has an economy 2.4 times the size of Russia (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: India 1.5 billion and Russia 143.5 million (2025).

GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $49,568 in Russia and $11,748 in India (2025, international dollars). People in Russia live on average 1.2 years longer (73.4 vs 72.2 years).

Of 39 indicators reported by both countries, India ranks higher in the world on 16 and Russia on 23. India is clearly stronger in institutions & safety, tourism and trade. Russia is clearly stronger in society & health, infrastructure & digital and military.

As a nation, India is the older of the two (statehood since 322 BC, 2,347 years), compared with Russia (since 882). Over the last five years India improved faster (direction score 97 vs 45 out of 100).

Where they differ most

The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between India and Russia.

Over time

How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.

NationsTree IndexIndiaRussia
304050607080 1993 1998 2003 2008 2013 2018 2023 2025

India overtook Russia in GDP (PPP) in 1992 and has stayed ahead since.

Russia has been ahead of India in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1993.

Russia has been ahead of India in GDP per person (PPP) and life expectancy in every year since 1990.

India has been ahead of Russia in population in every year since 1990.

Strength by category

Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i

All indicators

Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.

Indicator India Russia
Land & people
Surface area i km² 3,287,2637th/216 · 2024 17,125,1901st/216 · 2024
Land area i km² 2,973,1907th/216 · 2024 16,376,8701st/216 · 2024
Population i people 1.5 bn1st/217 · 2025 143.5 m9th/217 · 2025
Population growth i % 0.89%109th/217 · 2025 -0.11%178th/217 · 2025
Population density i people/km² 488.025th/216 · 2024 8.8203rd/216 · 2024
Urban population i % 35.7%182nd/217 · 2025 75.3%73rd/217 · 2025
Population aged 0–14 i % 24.2%101st/217 · 2025 17.0%154th/217 · 2025
Population aged 65+ i % 7.4%121st/217 · 2025 17.8%50th/217 · 2025
Economy
GDP i USD $3.96 trn6th/210 · 2025 $2.56 trn8th/210 · 2025
GDP (PPP) i intl. USD $17.20 trn3rd/199 · 2025 $7.24 trn4th/199 · 2025
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) i intl. USD 2021 $14.70 trn3rd/199 · 2025 $6.18 trn4th/199 · 2025
GDP per person i USD $2,702166th/210 · 2025 $17,54784th/210 · 2025
GDP per person (PPP) i intl. USD $11,748136th/199 · 2025 $49,56855th/199 · 2025
GNI per person (Atlas) i USD $2,760156th/201 · 2025 $15,96076th/201 · 2025
GDP growth i % 7.6%15th/210 · 2025 1.0%175th/210 · 2025
Inflation i % 2.4%75th/180 · 2025 8.7%155th/180 · 2025
Unemployment i % 4.2%71st/187 · 2025 2.1%18th/187 · 2025
Central government debt i % of GDP 46.5%2018 17.9%4th/55 · 2024
General government gross debt i % of GDP 84.3%153rd/189 · 2025 16.6%15th/189 · 2025
Government budget balance i % of GDP -7.4%175th/192 · 2025 -3.9%129th/192 · 2025
Main industries
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i % of GDP 16.2%49th/197 · 2025 3.1%127th/197 · 2025
Industry incl. construction i % of GDP 25.2%83rd/200 · 2025 29.7%55th/200 · 2025
Manufacturing i % of GDP 13.5%57th/192 · 2025 13.7%54th/192 · 2025
Services i % of GDP 49.3%148th/200 · 2025 58.9%94th/200 · 2025
Trade
Exports of goods & services i USD $880.74 bn10th/182 · 2025 $466.24 bn22nd/182 · 2025
Imports of goods & services i USD $949.66 bn7th/182 · 2025 $397.18 bn25th/182 · 2025
Exports i % of GDP 22.3%133rd/183 · 2025 18.2%151st/183 · 2025
Imports i % of GDP 24.0%155th/183 · 2025 15.5%176th/183 · 2025
Trade openness i % of GDP 46.3%151st/183 · 2025 33.7%173rd/183 · 2025
Fuel exports i % of merchandise exports 13.1%42nd/170 · 2025 43.1%25th/170 · 2021
Manufactures exports i % of merchandise exports 70.1%41st/171 · 2025 22.1%102nd/171 · 2021
Food exports i % of merchandise exports 11.9%106th/171 · 2025 6.6%133rd/171 · 2021
Ores & metals exports i % of merchandise exports 3.8%75th/171 · 2025 7.4%50th/171 · 2021
High-tech exports i % of manufactured exports 18.6%35th/168 · 2024 9.7%67th/168 · 2021
Current account balance i % of GDP -0.7%87th/191 · 2025 1.5%63rd/191 · 2025
Foreign direct investment, inflows i % of GDP 1.0%142nd/196 · 2025 0.4%161st/196 · 2025
Natural resources
Natural resource rents i % of GDP 3.2%85th/209 · 2021 18.5%25th/209 · 2021
Oil rents i % of GDP 0.33%60th/197 · 2021 9.67%20th/197 · 2021
Natural gas rents i % of GDP 0.08%62nd/197 · 2021 5.86%11th/197 · 2021
Coal rents i % of GDP 1.28%5th/195 · 2021 0.61%11th/195 · 2021
Mineral rents i % of GDP 1.32%41st/209 · 2021 2.05%35th/209 · 2021
Forest rents i % of GDP 0.16%102nd/209 · 2021 0.31%79th/209 · 2021
Arable land i % of land area 51.7%6th/206 · 2024 7.4%117th/206 · 2024
Renewable freshwater per person i m³ 1,014127th/183 · 2022 29,89520th/183 · 2022
Tourism
International tourist arrivals i arrivals 17.9 m14th/194 · 2019 6.4 m31st/194 · 2020
Tourism receipts i USD $13.41 bn13th/175 · 2020 $4.96 bn30th/175 · 2020
Tourism receipts i % of exports 2.8%112th/168 · 2020 1.3%145th/168 · 2020
Outbound trips i departures 26.9 m7th/107 · 2019 12.4 m16th/107 · 2020
Society & health
Life expectancy i years 72.2137th/217 · 2024 73.4122nd/217 · 2024
Under-5 mortality i per 1,000 births 26.6134th/196 · 2024 5.241st/196 · 2024
Physicians i per 1,000 people 0.72115th/174 · 2020 5.118th/174 · 2022
Hospital beds i per 1,000 people 1.698th/145 · 2021 6.88th/145 · 2023
DPT immunization i % of children 12–23 months 94%66th/193 · 2024 97%29th/193 · 2024
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i % of adults 52.7%111th/153 · 2023 98.6%15th/153 · 2021
Secondary enrolment i % gross 79.6%128th/173 · 2025 92.5%89th/173 · 2023
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i % of population 77.2%2011 77.5%2017
Old-age dependency ratio i % of working-age population 10.8%125th/217 · 2025 27.3%51st/217 · 2025
Health spending i % of GDP 3.3%171st/193 · 2023 7.0%85th/193 · 2023
Adult literacy i % 78.2%69th/98 · 2024 99.9%3rd/98 · 2021
Tertiary enrolment i % gross 34.4%103rd/150 · 2025 60.4%59th/150 · 2024
Human Development Index i index 0–1 0.685130th/193 · 2023 0.83264th/193 · 2023
Income inequality (Gini) i index 23.01st/108 · 2023 33.042nd/108 · 2023
Extreme poverty i % of population 2.6%68th/108 · 2023 0.1%10th/108 · 2023
Infrastructure & digital
Access to electricity i % of population 99.9%123rd/215 · 2024 100.0%1st/215 · 2024
Safely managed drinking water i % of population 76.4%79th/150 · 2024 76.3%80th/150 · 2024
Safely managed sanitation i % of population 62.8%69th/144 · 2024 58.2%76th/144 · 2024
Internet users i % of population 70.0%124th/186 · 2025 94.4%31st/186 · 2024
Mobile subscriptions i per 100 people 79167th/210 · 2024 1869th/210 · 2024
Fixed broadband i per 100 people 3.2147th/208 · 2024 27.170th/208 · 2024
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) i score 1–5 3.2046th/164 · 2022 2.7071st/164 · 2022
Rail lines i route-km 68,1034th/82 · 2021 85,5443rd/82 · 2021
Air passengers carried i passengers 180.4 m4th/161 · 2023 98.9 m8th/161 · 2023
Environment & energy
CO₂ emissions per person i t CO₂e 2.1793rd/203 · 2024 13.98190th/203 · 2024
Renewable energy i % of final energy use 34.9%69th/212 · 2021 3.5%172nd/212 · 2021
Air pollution (PM2.5) i µg/m³ 54.1190th/200 · 2023 11.659th/200 · 2023
Forest area i % of land area 24.4%121st/214 · 2024 50.8%56th/214 · 2024
Energy use per person i kg oil eq. 777107th/149 · 2024 5,72711th/149 · 2024
Institutions & safety
Government effectiveness i score 0–100 62.664th/205 · 2025 42.1143rd/205 · 2025
Control of corruption i score 0–100 42.4112th/207 · 2025 28.2167th/207 · 2025
Rule of law i score 0–100 56.5106th/207 · 2025 37.7186th/207 · 2025
Political stability i score 0–100 55.0162nd/207 · 2025 49.0179th/207 · 2025
Regulatory quality i score 0–100 52.6109th/205 · 2025 34.9182nd/205 · 2025
Voice & accountability i score 0–100 54.9110th/205 · 2025 31.3178th/205 · 2025
Homicide rate i per 100,000 2.883rd/145 · 2022 6.8107th/145 · 2021
Military
Military expenditure i USD $92.06 bn5th/156 · 2025 $190.42 bn3rd/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of GDP 2.3%47th/156 · 2025 7.5%4th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of government spending 8.2%38th/154 · 2025 19.8%9th/154 · 2025
Armed forces personnel i people 3.1 m1st/170 · 2020 1.5 m4th/170 · 2020
Armed forces personnel i % of labour force 0.58%103rd/168 · 2020 1.98%29th/168 · 2020
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 2.9 bn2nd/163 · 2025 129.0 m44th/163 · 2025
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 81.0 m28th/65 · 2025 1.9 bn5th/65 · 2025
Science & innovation
R&D spending i % of GDP 0.65%56th/110 · 2020 0.94%44th/110 · 2024
Patent applications by residents i applications 63,2175th/137 · 2024 21,5027th/137 · 2024
Scientific articles i articles 228,1743rd/197 · 2023 85,5587th/197 · 2023

Questions and answers

Which has more people, India or Russia?

India has the larger population: 1.5 bn (2025) compared with 143.5 m for Russia (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.

Which is bigger by area, India or Russia?

Russia is larger: 17,125,190 km² (2024) compared with 3,287,263 km² for India (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.

Which economy is larger, India or Russia?

India has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $17.20 trn intl. (2025) compared with $7.24 trn intl. for Russia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.

Which is richer per person, India or Russia?

Russia has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $49,568 intl. (2025) compared with $11,748 intl. for India (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.

Where do people live longer, in India or Russia?

Russia has the higher life expectancy at birth: 73.4 years (2024) compared with 72.2 years for India (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.

Which spends more on the military, India or Russia?

Russia spends more on the military: $190.42 bn (2025) compared with $92.06 bn for India (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.

Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, India or Russia?

Russia: 63.8 points (51st in the world); India: 56.6 points (64th). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.

More comparisons

Sources

World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). India vs Russia — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/india-vs-russia. Data as of 26 October 2026.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). India vs Russia — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/india-vs-russia. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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