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Poland · data for latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Countries / Poland
2025
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Poland

Europe & Central Asia Capital Warsaw High income Nation age 1,060 years (since 966) i POL · PL
NationsTree Index 2025 i73.425th of 196 Tree height 2025 i30 msee ranking Military strength i75percentile
Population i36.4 m44th of 217 Area i313,940 km²70th of 216 GDP i$1.04 trn21st of 210 GDP (PPP) i$1.98 trn intl.21st of 199 GDP per person (PPP) i$54,262 intl.46th of 199 Life expectancy i78.4 years62nd of 217
Index pillars
Foundations · roots i72
Strength · trunk i86
Quality of life · crown i81
Problems (higher = fewer) · dry branches i70
Direction (5-year change) · new shoots i42
CSV

In short

Poland is 25th of 196 countries in the NationsTree Index, with a score of 73.4 out of 100; its tree is 30 m tall.

It has 36.4 million people and an economy of $1.98 trn at purchasing power parity, 21st of 199 in the world.

Its strongest positions: Access to electricity (1st of 215), Safely managed sanitation (14th of 144) and Hospital beds (15th of 145).

Its weakest positions: Government budget balance (174th of 192), CO₂ emissions per person (174th of 203) and Inflation (114th of 180).

Over five years it fell from 10th to 25th in the index.

All data

Data as of 26 October 2026

Latest available value for each indicator, with its year. World rank is among countries with recent data (last 5 years of the series).

Land & people

53
Surface area ikm² 313,940 70th/216
Land area ikm² 306,070 70th/216
Population ipeople 36.4 m 44th/217
Population growth i% -0.34% 193rd/217
Population density ipeople/km² 119.4 91st/216
Urban population i% 60.1% 125th/217
Population aged 0–14 i% 14.5% 188th/217
Population aged 65+ i% 20.8% 31st/217

Economy

65
GDP iUSD $1.04 trn 21st/210
GDP (PPP) iintl. USD $1.98 trn 21st/199
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) iintl. USD 2021 $1.71 trn 20th/199
GDP per person iUSD $28,420 60th/210
GDP per person (PPP) iintl. USD $54,262 46th/199
GNI per person (Atlas) iUSD $25,520 55th/201
GDP growth i% 3.6% 96th/210
Inflation i% 3.8% 114th/180
Unemployment i% 3.0% 39th/187
Central government debt i% of GDP 60.5%1994
General government gross debt i% of GDP 59.7% 113th/189
Government budget balance i% of GDP -7.3% 174th/192

Main industries

57
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i% of GDP 2.5% 141st/197
Industry incl. construction i% of GDP 25.8% 75th/200
Manufacturing i% of GDP 15.0% 41st/192
Services i% of GDP 59.7% 87th/200

Trade

64
Exports of goods & services iUSD $517.23 bn 20th/182
Imports of goods & services iUSD $487.51 bn 19th/182
Exports i% of GDP 50.0% 52nd/183
Imports i% of GDP 47.1% 87th/183
Trade openness i% of GDP 97.0% 66th/183
Fuel exports i% of merchandise exports 2.1% 99th/170
Manufactures exports i% of merchandise exports 77.8% 26th/171
Food exports i% of merchandise exports 15.6% 88th/171
Ores & metals exports i% of merchandise exports 3.2% 84th/171
High-tech exports i% of manufactured exports 13.5% 51st/168
Current account balance i% of GDP -1.0% 91st/191
Foreign direct investment, inflows i% of GDP 2.0% 101st/196

Natural resources

65
Natural resource rents i% of GDP 1.0% 117th/209
Oil rents i% of GDP 0.04% 86th/197
Natural gas rents i% of GDP 0.10% 59th/197
Coal rents i% of GDP 0.25% 21st/195
Mineral rents i% of GDP 0.48% 56th/209
Forest rents i% of GDP 0.16% 99th/209
Arable land i% of land area 36.6% 17th/206
Renewable freshwater per person im³ 1,456 112th/183

Tourism

79
International tourist arrivals iarrivals 88.5 m 2nd/194
Tourism receipts iUSD $8.38 bn 23rd/175
Tourism receipts i% of exports 2.6% 117th/168
Outbound trips idepartures 50.6 m 3rd/107

Society & health

80
Life expectancy iyears 78.4 62nd/217
Under-5 mortality iper 1,000 births 4.2 34th/196
Physicians iper 1,000 people 4.03 30th/174
Hospital beds iper 1,000 people 6.0 15th/145
DPT immunization i% of children 12–23 months 94% 66th/193
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i% of adults 88.2% 55th/153
Secondary enrolment i% gross 107.9% 31st/173
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i% of population 79.2% 11th/55
Old-age dependency ratio i% of working-age population 32.0% 32nd/217
Health spending i% of GDP 8.1% 61st/193
Tertiary enrolment i% gross 80.9% 24th/150
Human Development Index iindex 0–1 0.906 35th/193
Income inequality (Gini) iindex 28.5 15th/108
Extreme poverty i% of population 0.2% 18th/108

Infrastructure & digital

77
Access to electricity i% of population 100.0% 1st/215
Safely managed drinking water i% of population 88.7% 64th/150
Safely managed sanitation i% of population 97.8% 14th/144
Internet users i% of population 88.6% 67th/186
Mobile subscriptions iper 100 people 138 46th/210
Fixed broadband iper 100 people 25.4 74th/208
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) iscore 1–5 3.50 38th/164
Rail lines iroute-km 18,620 10th/82
Air passengers carried ipassengers 8.8 m 50th/161

Environment & energy

47
CO₂ emissions per person it CO₂e 7.55 174th/203
Renewable energy i% of final energy use 15.2% 122nd/212
Air pollution (PM2.5) iµg/m³ 16.5 94th/200
Forest area i% of land area 31.0% 110th/214
Energy use per person ikg oil eq. 2,622 40th/149

Institutions & safety

75
Government effectiveness iscore 0–100 68.6 51st/205
Control of corruption iscore 0–100 65.2 45th/207
Rule of law iscore 0–100 68.0 66th/207
Political stability iscore 0–100 77.8 66th/207
Regulatory quality iscore 0–100 69.1 42nd/205
Voice & accountability iscore 0–100 72.7 52nd/205
Homicide rate iper 100,000 0.8 30th/145

Military

80
Military expenditure iUSD $46.76 bn 14th/156
Military expenditure i% of GDP 4.5% 13th/156
Military expenditure i% of government spending 9.0% 34th/154
Armed forces personnel ipeople 189,000 34th/170
Armed forces personnel i% of labour force 1.04% 62nd/168
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 2.2 bn 4th/163
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 59.0 m 31st/65

Science & innovation

85
R&D spending i% of GDP 1.56% 27th/110
Patent applications by residents iapplications 3,363 16th/137
Scientific articles iarticles 31,218 19th/197

Compare Poland with

CzechiaGermanyItalyNetherlandsSpainTürkiyeUkraine

Sources

Figures on this page come from: World Bank — World Development Indicators, International Monetary Fund — World Economic Outlook (DataMapper), Global Change Data Lab (Our World in Data) — Our World in Data, World Bank — Worldwide Governance Indicators . Nation age: Baptism of Poland under Mieszko I, first documented Polish state (source). Every value is stored with its year and source series; see Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Poland — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/poland. Data as of 26 October 2026.

All figures come from official statistics published by public institutions (World Bank WDI and WGI, compiling UN agencies, IMF, WHO and national statistical offices). Each value carries its year; ranks are positions among countries with data.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Poland — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/poland. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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