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Austria vs Czechia
Canada vs Russia
Side-by-side comparison of Canada and Russia from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.
Russia
Europe & Central Asia · nation age 1,144 years
In short
Canada scores 76.0 in the NationsTree Index (16th in the world) and Russia scores 63.8 (51st), a gap of 12.2 points. Their trees are 36 m and 54 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.
Russia has 3.4 times the population of Canada. Canada and Russia have a similar land area. Russia has an economy 2.6 times the size of Canada (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Canada 41.7 million and Russia 143.5 million (2025).
GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $66,746 in Canada and $49,568 in Russia (2025, international dollars). People in Canada live on average 8.7 years longer (82.1 vs 73.4 years).
Of 38 indicators reported by both countries, Canada ranks higher in the world on 27 and Russia on 11. Canada is clearly stronger in institutions & safety, tourism and trade. Russia is clearly stronger in military, natural resources and main industries.
As a nation, Russia is the older of the two (statehood since 882, 1,144 years), compared with Canada (since 1867). Over the last five years Canada improved faster (direction score 46 vs 45 out of 100).
Where they differ most
The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Canada and Russia.
Canada
113.6%
176th of 189
Russiabetter
16.6%
15th of 189
Regulatory qualityInstitutions & safety
Canadabetter
80.3
15th of 205
Russia
34.9
182nd of 205
Voice & accountabilityInstitutions & safety
Canadabetter
85.2
11th of 205
Russia
31.3
178th of 205
UnemploymentEconomy
Canada
6.9%
125th of 187
Russiabetter
2.1%
18th of 187
Hospital bedsSociety & health
Canada
2.5
70th of 145
Russiabetter
6.8
8th of 145
Over time
How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.
Canada has been ahead of Russia in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1993.
Canada has been ahead of Russia in GDP per person (PPP) and life expectancy in every year since 1990.
Russia has been ahead of Canada in GDP (PPP) and population in every year since 1990.
Strength by category
Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i
CanadaRussia All indicators
Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.
| Indicator | Canada | Russia |
|---|---|---|
| Land & people | ||
| Surface area km² | 15,634,4102nd/216 · 2024 | 17,125,1901st/216 · 2024 |
| Land area km² | 8,788,7004th/216 · 2024 | 16,376,8701st/216 · 2024 |
| Population people | 41.7 m38th/217 · 2025 | 143.5 m9th/217 · 2025 |
| Population growth % | 0.94%104th/217 · 2025 | -0.11%178th/217 · 2025 |
| Population density people/km² | 4.7207th/216 · 2024 | 8.8203rd/216 · 2024 |
| Urban population % | 82.9%51st/217 · 2025 | 75.3%73rd/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 0–14 % | 15.0%180th/217 · 2025 | 17.0%154th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 65+ % | 20.3%37th/217 · 2025 | 17.8%50th/217 · 2025 |
| Economy | ||
| GDP USD | $2.32 trn10th/210 · 2025 | $2.56 trn8th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP (PPP) intl. USD | $2.78 trn16th/199 · 2025 | $7.24 trn4th/199 · 2025 |
| Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) intl. USD 2021 | $2.42 trn16th/199 · 2025 | $6.18 trn4th/199 · 2025 |
| GDP per person USD | $55,69830th/210 · 2025 | $17,54784th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP per person (PPP) intl. USD | $66,74630th/199 · 2025 | $49,56855th/199 · 2025 |
| GNI per person (Atlas) USD | $56,42022nd/201 · 2025 | $15,96076th/201 · 2025 |
| GDP growth % | 1.7%155th/210 · 2025 | 1.0%175th/210 · 2025 |
| Inflation % | 2.1%60th/180 · 2025 | 8.7%155th/180 · 2025 |
| Unemployment % | 6.9%125th/187 · 2025 | 2.1%18th/187 · 2025 |
| Central government debt % of GDP | 64.1%33rd/55 · 2024 | 17.9%4th/55 · 2024 |
| General government gross debt % of GDP | 113.6%176th/189 · 2025 | 16.6%15th/189 · 2025 |
| Government budget balance % of GDP | -1.7%68th/192 · 2025 | -3.9%129th/192 · 2025 |
| Main industries | ||
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing % of GDP | 1.9%148th/197 · 2022 | 3.1%127th/197 · 2025 |
| Industry incl. construction % of GDP | 27.4%68th/200 · 2022 | 29.7%55th/200 · 2025 |
| Manufacturing % of GDP | 9.3%109th/192 · 2022 | 13.7%54th/192 · 2025 |
| Services % of GDP | 64.1%61st/200 · 2022 | 58.9%94th/200 · 2025 |
| Trade | ||
| Exports of goods & services USD | $726.88 bn15th/182 · 2025 | $466.24 bn22nd/182 · 2025 |
| Imports of goods & services USD | $746.50 bn13th/182 · 2025 | $397.18 bn25th/182 · 2025 |
| Exports % of GDP | 31.3%110th/183 · 2025 | 18.2%151st/183 · 2025 |
| Imports % of GDP | 32.2%125th/183 · 2025 | 15.5%176th/183 · 2025 |
| Trade openness % of GDP | 63.5%121st/183 · 2025 | 33.7%173rd/183 · 2025 |
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 26.7%32nd/170 · 2025 | 43.1%25th/170 · 2021 |
| Manufactures exports % of merchandise exports | 40.3%74th/171 · 2025 | 22.1%102nd/171 · 2021 |
| Food exports % of merchandise exports | 13.6%96th/171 · 2025 | 6.6%133rd/171 · 2021 |
| Ores & metals exports % of merchandise exports | 7.6%48th/171 · 2025 | 7.4%50th/171 · 2021 |
| High-tech exports % of manufactured exports | 16.1%46th/168 · 2024 | 9.7%67th/168 · 2021 |
| Current account balance % of GDP | -0.9%90th/191 · 2025 | 1.5%63rd/191 · 2025 |
| Foreign direct investment, inflows % of GDP | 3.0%71st/196 · 2025 | 0.4%161st/196 · 2025 |
| Natural resources | ||
| Natural resource rents % of GDP | 4.9%73rd/209 · 2021 | 18.5%25th/209 · 2021 |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 2.83%33rd/197 · 2021 | 9.67%20th/197 · 2021 |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 0.79%33rd/197 · 2021 | 5.86%11th/197 · 2021 |
| Coal rents % of GDP | 0.07%32nd/195 · 2021 | 0.61%11th/195 · 2021 |
| Mineral rents % of GDP | 1.18%43rd/209 · 2021 | 2.05%35th/209 · 2021 |
| Forest rents % of GDP | 0.07%123rd/209 · 2021 | 0.31%79th/209 · 2021 |
| Arable land % of land area | 4.3%141st/206 · 2024 | 7.4%117th/206 · 2024 |
| Renewable freshwater per person m³ | 73,1706th/183 · 2022 | 29,89520th/183 · 2022 |
| Tourism | ||
| International tourist arrivals arrivals | 32.4 m9th/194 · 2019 | 6.4 m31st/194 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts USD | $19.99 bn2011 | $4.96 bn30th/175 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts % of exports | 3.7%2011 | 1.3%145th/168 · 2020 |
| Outbound trips departures | 37.8 m4th/107 · 2019 | 12.4 m16th/107 · 2020 |
| Society & health | ||
| Life expectancy years | 82.134th/217 · 2024 | 73.4122nd/217 · 2024 |
| Under-5 mortality per 1,000 births | 5.443rd/196 · 2024 | 5.241st/196 · 2024 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people | 2.8264th/174 · 2023 | 5.118th/174 · 2022 |
| Hospital beds per 1,000 people | 2.570th/145 · 2022 | 6.88th/145 · 2023 |
| DPT immunization % of children 12–23 months | 92%86th/193 · 2024 | 97%29th/193 · 2024 |
| Completed lower secondary, 25+ % of adults | 96.4%22nd/153 · 2024 | 98.6%15th/153 · 2021 |
| Secondary enrolment % gross | 104.3%44th/173 · 2023 | 92.5%89th/173 · 2023 |
| Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) % of population | — | 77.5%2017 |
| Old-age dependency ratio % of working-age population | 31.3%36th/217 · 2025 | 27.3%51st/217 · 2025 |
| Health spending % of GDP | 11.3%14th/193 · 2024 | 7.0%85th/193 · 2023 |
| Adult literacy % | — | 99.9%3rd/98 · 2021 |
| Tertiary enrolment % gross | 76.3%39th/150 · 2023 | 60.4%59th/150 · 2024 |
| Human Development Index index 0–1 | 0.93916th/193 · 2023 | 0.83264th/193 · 2023 |
| Income inequality (Gini) index | 31.533rd/108 · 2022 | 33.042nd/108 · 2023 |
| Extreme poverty % of population | 0.3%23rd/108 · 2022 | 0.1%10th/108 · 2023 |
| Infrastructure & digital | ||
| Access to electricity % of population | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 |
| Safely managed drinking water % of population | 96.9%41st/150 · 2024 | 76.3%80th/150 · 2024 |
| Safely managed sanitation % of population | 81.3%47th/144 · 2024 | 58.2%76th/144 · 2024 |
| Internet users % of population | 94.4%32nd/186 · 2024 | 94.4%31st/186 · 2024 |
| Mobile subscriptions per 100 people | 94151st/210 · 2024 | 1869th/210 · 2024 |
| Fixed broadband per 100 people | 42.521st/208 · 2024 | 27.170th/208 · 2024 |
| Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) score 1–5 | 4.303rd/164 · 2022 | 2.7071st/164 · 2022 |
| Rail lines route-km | 48,1505th/82 · 2021 | 85,5443rd/82 · 2021 |
| Air passengers carried passengers | 88.6 m13th/161 · 2023 | 98.9 m8th/161 · 2023 |
| Environment & energy | ||
| CO₂ emissions per person t CO₂e | 14.01191st/203 · 2024 | 13.98190th/203 · 2024 |
| Renewable energy % of final energy use | 23.8%96th/212 · 2021 | 3.5%172nd/212 · 2021 |
| Air pollution (PM2.5) µg/m³ | 6.622nd/200 · 2023 | 11.659th/200 · 2023 |
| Forest area % of land area | 42.0%74th/214 · 2024 | 50.8%56th/214 · 2024 |
| Energy use per person kg oil eq. | 7,1198th/149 · 2024 | 5,72711th/149 · 2024 |
| Institutions & safety | ||
| Government effectiveness score 0–100 | 88.310th/205 · 2025 | 42.1143rd/205 · 2025 |
| Control of corruption score 0–100 | 80.216th/207 · 2025 | 28.2167th/207 · 2025 |
| Rule of law score 0–100 | 83.019th/207 · 2025 | 37.7186th/207 · 2025 |
| Political stability score 0–100 | 79.855th/207 · 2025 | 49.0179th/207 · 2025 |
| Regulatory quality score 0–100 | 80.315th/205 · 2025 | 34.9182nd/205 · 2025 |
| Voice & accountability score 0–100 | 85.211th/205 · 2025 | 31.3178th/205 · 2025 |
| Homicide rate per 100,000 | 2.066th/145 · 2023 | 6.8107th/145 · 2021 |
| Military | ||
| Military expenditure USD | $37.49 bn16th/156 · 2025 | $190.42 bn3rd/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of GDP | 1.6%82nd/156 · 2025 | 7.5%4th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of government spending | 3.7%118th/154 · 2025 | 19.8%9th/154 · 2025 |
| Armed forces personnel people | 72,00058th/170 · 2020 | 1.5 m4th/170 · 2020 |
| Armed forces personnel % of labour force | 0.35%139th/168 · 2020 | 1.98%29th/168 · 2020 |
| Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 83.0 m53rd/163 · 2025 | 129.0 m44th/163 · 2025 |
| Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 312.0 m14th/65 · 2025 | 1.9 bn5th/65 · 2025 |
| Science & innovation | ||
| R&D spending % of GDP | 1.79%24th/110 · 2024 | 0.94%44th/110 · 2024 |
| Patent applications by residents applications | 4,30415th/137 · 2024 | 21,5027th/137 · 2024 |
| Scientific articles articles | 63,72010th/197 · 2023 | 85,5587th/197 · 2023 |
Questions and answers
Which has more people, Canada or Russia?
Russia has the larger population: 143.5 m (2025) compared with 41.7 m for Canada (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.
Which is bigger by area, Canada or Russia?
Russia is larger: 17,125,190 km² (2024) compared with 15,634,410 km² for Canada (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.
Which economy is larger, Canada or Russia?
Russia has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $7.24 trn intl. (2025) compared with $2.78 trn intl. for Canada (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.
Which is richer per person, Canada or Russia?
Canada has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $66,746 intl. (2025) compared with $49,568 intl. for Russia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.
Where do people live longer, in Canada or Russia?
Canada has the higher life expectancy at birth: 82.1 years (2024) compared with 73.4 years for Russia (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.
Which spends more on the military, Canada or Russia?
Russia spends more on the military: $190.42 bn (2025) compared with $37.49 bn for Canada (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.
Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Canada or Russia?
Canada: 76.0 points (16th in the world); Russia: 63.8 points (51st). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.
Argentina
Australia
Bermuda
Indonesia
Italy
Mexico
South AfricaSources
World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Canada vs Russia — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/canada-vs-russia. Data as of 26 October 2026.