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Comparison · latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Compare / China vs South Africa

China vs South Africa

Side-by-side comparison of China and South Africa from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.

China

East Asia & Pacific · nation age 3,625 years

NationsTree Index69.836th of 196
Tree height132 m 
vs
27:9
indicators where each ranks higher

South Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa · nation age 116 years

NationsTree Index41.9122nd of 196
Tree height18 m 
Open in the comparison tool Data as of 26 October 2026

In short

China scores 69.8 in the NationsTree Index (36th in the world) and South Africa scores 41.9 (122nd), a gap of 27.9 points. Their trees are 132 m and 18 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.

China has 22 times the population of South Africa. China is 7.8 times larger than South Africa by land area. China has an economy 40 times the size of South Africa (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: China 1.4 billion and South Africa 64.7 million (2025).

GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $29,333 in China and $15,906 in South Africa (2025, international dollars). People in China live on average 11.7 years longer (78.0 vs 66.3 years).

Of 36 indicators reported by both countries, China ranks higher in the world on 27 and South Africa on 9. China is clearly stronger in science & innovation, tourism and society & health.

As a nation, China is the older of the two (statehood since 1600 BC, 3,625 years), compared with South Africa (since 1910). Over the last five years China improved faster (direction score 42 vs 7 out of 100).

Where they differ most

The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between China and South Africa.

Over time

How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.

NationsTree IndexChinaSouth Africa
304050607080 1993 1998 2003 2008 2013 2018 2023 2025

China overtook South Africa in GDP per person (PPP) in 2015 and has stayed ahead since.

China overtook South Africa in the NationsTree Index in 1997 and has stayed ahead since.

China has been ahead of South Africa in GDP (PPP), life expectancy and population in every year since 1990.

Strength by category

Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i

All indicators

Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.

Indicator China South Africa
Land & people
Surface area i km² 9,562,9104th/216 · 2024 1,219,60224th/216 · 2024
Land area i km² 9,388,2102nd/216 · 2024 1,213,09024th/216 · 2024
Population i people 1.4 bn2nd/217 · 2025 64.7 m24th/217 · 2025
Population growth i % -0.17%188th/217 · 2025 1.15%93rd/217 · 2025
Population density i people/km² 150.176th/216 · 2024 52.8151st/216 · 2024
Urban population i % 66.3%101st/217 · 2025 63.8%111th/217 · 2025
Population aged 0–14 i % 15.4%174th/217 · 2025 25.7%91st/217 · 2025
Population aged 65+ i % 14.9%68th/217 · 2025 6.9%126th/217 · 2025
Economy
GDP i USD $19.50 trn2nd/210 · 2025 $427.18 bn40th/210 · 2025
GDP (PPP) i intl. USD $41.26 trn1st/199 · 2025 $1.03 trn32nd/199 · 2025
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) i intl. USD 2021 $35.26 trn1st/199 · 2025 $880.05 bn32nd/199 · 2025
GDP per person i USD $13,86293rd/210 · 2025 $6,598125th/210 · 2025
GDP per person (PPP) i intl. USD $29,33381st/199 · 2025 $15,906120th/199 · 2025
GNI per person (Atlas) i USD $14,23078th/201 · 2025 $6,270116th/201 · 2025
GDP growth i % 5.0%53rd/210 · 2025 1.1%169th/210 · 2025
Inflation i % 0.1%14th/180 · 2025 3.2%92nd/180 · 2025
Unemployment i % 4.6%76th/187 · 2025 32.4%186th/187 · 2025
Central government debt i % of GDP — 82.8%45th/55 · 2024
General government gross debt i % of GDP 98.6%166th/189 · 2025 78.4%145th/189 · 2025
Government budget balance i % of GDP -7.9%179th/192 · 2025 -5.6%160th/192 · 2025
Main industries
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i % of GDP 6.7%95th/197 · 2025 2.8%130th/197 · 2025
Industry incl. construction i % of GDP 35.6%29th/200 · 2025 24.1%95th/200 · 2025
Manufacturing i % of GDP 24.7%9th/192 · 2025 12.3%76th/192 · 2025
Services i % of GDP 57.7%100th/200 · 2025 63.1%67th/200 · 2025
Trade
Exports of goods & services i USD $4.11 trn1st/182 · 2025 $134.18 bn42nd/182 · 2025
Imports of goods & services i USD $3.29 trn2nd/182 · 2025 $126.02 bn43rd/182 · 2025
Exports i % of GDP 21.1%144th/183 · 2025 31.4%109th/183 · 2025
Imports i % of GDP 16.9%173rd/183 · 2025 29.5%134th/183 · 2025
Trade openness i % of GDP 38.0%165th/183 · 2025 60.9%126th/183 · 2025
Fuel exports i % of merchandise exports 1.4%111th/170 · 2025 8.2%58th/170 · 2025
Manufactures exports i % of merchandise exports 90.5%4th/171 · 2025 38.3%80th/171 · 2025
Food exports i % of merchandise exports 2.3%150th/171 · 2025 12.8%101st/171 · 2025
Ores & metals exports i % of merchandise exports 1.6%115th/171 · 2025 30.4%18th/171 · 2025
High-tech exports i % of manufactured exports 26.3%20th/168 · 2024 5.7%91st/168 · 2024
Current account balance i % of GDP 3.7%44th/191 · 2025 -0.5%80th/191 · 2025
Foreign direct investment, inflows i % of GDP 0.4%163rd/196 · 2025 -0.5%183rd/196 · 2025
Natural resources
Natural resource rents i % of GDP 1.7%103rd/209 · 2021 7.3%58th/209 · 2021
Oil rents i % of GDP 0.31%62nd/197 · 2021 0.40%57th/197 · 2021
Natural gas rents i % of GDP 0.21%52nd/197 · 2021 0.03%71st/197 · 2021
Coal rents i % of GDP 0.61%12th/195 · 2021 2.44%4th/195 · 2021
Mineral rents i % of GDP 0.51%55th/209 · 2021 3.83%28th/209 · 2021
Forest rents i % of GDP 0.07%122nd/209 · 2021 0.63%66th/209 · 2021
Arable land i % of land area 11.6%88th/206 · 2024 9.9%105th/206 · 2024
Renewable freshwater per person i m³ 1,992106th/183 · 2022 718145th/183 · 2022
Tourism
International tourist arrivals i arrivals 30.4 m11th/194 · 2020 3.9 m45th/194 · 2020
Tourism receipts i USD $27.76 bn2004 $2.72 bn43rd/175 · 2020
Tourism receipts i % of exports 4.6%2004 2.9%109th/168 · 2020
Outbound trips i departures 20.3 m12th/107 · 2020 —
Society & health
Life expectancy i years 78.070th/217 · 2024 66.3183rd/217 · 2024
Under-5 mortality i per 1,000 births 5.747th/196 · 2024 35.1144th/196 · 2024
Physicians i per 1,000 people 3.1156th/174 · 2022 0.79108th/174 · 2022
Hospital beds i per 1,000 people 5.619th/145 · 2023 2.32010
DPT immunization i % of children 12–23 months 97%29th/193 · 2024 74%160th/193 · 2024
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i % of adults 72.4%80th/153 · 2020 85.4%61st/153 · 2024
Secondary enrolment i % gross 92.3%2012 104.1%46th/173 · 2023
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i % of population 63.1%2013 78.4%12th/55 · 2021
Old-age dependency ratio i % of working-age population 21.4%69th/217 · 2025 10.2%129th/217 · 2025
Health spending i % of GDP 5.9%106th/193 · 2023 8.9%47th/193 · 2023
Adult literacy i % 96.7%27th/98 · 2020 91.2%48th/98 · 2024
Tertiary enrolment i % gross 76.9%36th/150 · 2024 23.5%115th/150 · 2023
Human Development Index i index 0–1 0.79778th/193 · 2023 0.741106th/193 · 2023
Income inequality (Gini) i index 36.065th/108 · 2022 54.1107th/108 · 2022
Extreme poverty i % of population 0.0%1st/108 · 2022 17.4%87th/108 · 2022
Infrastructure & digital
Access to electricity i % of population 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 90.2%161st/215 · 2024
Safely managed drinking water i % of population — 68.0%90th/150 · 2024
Safely managed sanitation i % of population 68.9%66th/144 · 2024 73.8%60th/144 · 2024
Internet users i % of population 91.6%47th/186 · 2025 78.4%105th/186 · 2024
Mobile subscriptions i per 100 people 13254th/210 · 2024 17911th/210 · 2024
Fixed broadband i per 100 people 47.29th/208 · 2024 5.3137th/208 · 2024
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) i score 1–5 4.0014th/164 · 2022 3.6029th/164 · 2022
Rail lines i route-km 109,7672nd/82 · 2021 20,9539th/82 · 2021
Air passengers carried i passengers 619.2 m2nd/161 · 2023 15.5 m42nd/161 · 2023
Environment & energy
CO₂ emissions per person i t CO₂e 9.32182nd/203 · 2024 6.88168th/203 · 2024
Renewable energy i % of final energy use 15.2%122nd/212 · 2021 9.7%146th/212 · 2021
Air pollution (PM2.5) i µg/m³ 32.0158th/200 · 2023 27.7146th/200 · 2023
Forest area i % of land area 24.0%122nd/214 · 2024 18.8%134th/214 · 2024
Energy use per person i kg oil eq. 2,94737th/149 · 2024 1,90761st/149 · 2024
Institutions & safety
Government effectiveness i score 0–100 65.159th/205 · 2025 51.9109th/205 · 2025
Control of corruption i score 0–100 49.589th/207 · 2025 45.498th/207 · 2025
Rule of law i score 0–100 51.6127th/207 · 2025 59.396th/207 · 2025
Political stability i score 0–100 66.0115th/207 · 2025 58.9142nd/207 · 2025
Regulatory quality i score 0–100 53.6104th/205 · 2025 54.399th/205 · 2025
Voice & accountability i score 0–100 26.1191st/205 · 2025 70.257th/205 · 2025
Homicide rate i per 100,000 0.511th/145 · 2020 43.7140th/145 · 2022
Military
Military expenditure i USD $335.52 bn2nd/156 · 2025 $3.17 bn54th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of GDP 1.7%78th/156 · 2025 0.7%133rd/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of government spending 5.1%79th/154 · 2025 2.2%139th/154 · 2025
Armed forces personnel i people 2.5 m2nd/170 · 2020 89,00054th/170 · 2020
Armed forces personnel i % of labour force 0.33%142nd/168 · 2020 0.40%131st/168 · 2020
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 207.0 m37th/163 · 2025 30.0 m78th/163 · 2025
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 880.0 m8th/65 · 2025 115.0 m24th/65 · 2025
Science & innovation
R&D spending i % of GDP 2.58%15th/110 · 2023 0.61%58th/110 · 2022
Patent applications by residents i applications 1.7 m1st/137 · 2024 35053rd/137 · 2024
Scientific articles i articles 932,7121st/197 · 2023 14,94933rd/197 · 2023

Questions and answers

Which has more people, China or South Africa?

China has the larger population: 1.4 bn (2025) compared with 64.7 m for South Africa (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.

Which is bigger by area, China or South Africa?

China is larger: 9,562,910 km² (2024) compared with 1,219,602 km² for South Africa (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.

Which economy is larger, China or South Africa?

China has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $41.26 trn intl. (2025) compared with $1.03 trn intl. for South Africa (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.

Which is richer per person, China or South Africa?

China has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $29,333 intl. (2025) compared with $15,906 intl. for South Africa (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.

Where do people live longer, in China or South Africa?

China has the higher life expectancy at birth: 78.0 years (2024) compared with 66.3 years for South Africa (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.

Which spends more on the military, China or South Africa?

China spends more on the military: $335.52 bn (2025) compared with $3.17 bn for South Africa (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.

Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, China or South Africa?

China: 69.8 points (36th in the world); South Africa: 41.9 points (122nd). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.

More comparisons

Sources

World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). China vs South Africa — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/china-vs-south-africa. Data as of 26 October 2026.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). China vs South Africa — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/china-vs-south-africa. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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