Pakistan vs Saudi Arabia
Side-by-side comparison of Pakistan and Saudi Arabia from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.
Pakistan
Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan · nation age 79 years
Saudi Arabia
Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan · nation age 299 years
In short
Saudi Arabia scores 76.5 in the NationsTree Index (15th in the world) and Pakistan scores 35.8 (143rd), a gap of 40.7 points. Their trees are 23 m and 35 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.
Pakistan has 6.9 times the population of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia is 2.7 times larger than Pakistan by land area. The economy of Saudi Arabia is 63% larger than that of Pakistan (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Pakistan 255.2 million and Saudi Arabia 37.0 million (2025).
GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $73,784 in Saudi Arabia and $6,573 in Pakistan (2025, international dollars). People in Saudi Arabia live on average 11.2 years longer (79.0 vs 67.8 years).
Of 35 indicators reported by both countries, Pakistan ranks higher in the world on 7 and Saudi Arabia on 28. Pakistan is clearly stronger in environment & energy. Saudi Arabia is clearly stronger in infrastructure & digital, society & health and institutions & safety.
As a nation, Saudi Arabia is the older of the two (statehood since 1727, 299 years), compared with Pakistan (since 1947). Over the last five years Saudi Arabia improved faster (direction score 100 vs 60 out of 100).
Where they differ most
The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.
Over time
How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.
Saudi Arabia has been ahead of Pakistan in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1995.
Saudi Arabia has been ahead of Pakistan in GDP per person (PPP), GDP (PPP) and life expectancy in every year since 1990.
Pakistan has been ahead of Saudi Arabia in population in every year since 1990.
Strength by category
Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i
All indicators
Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.
| Indicator | ||
|---|---|---|
| Land & people | ||
| Surface area km² | 796,10035th/216 · 2024 | 2,149,69012th/216 · 2024 |
| Land area km² | 770,88035th/216 · 2024 | 2,149,69012th/216 · 2024 |
| Population people | 255.2 m5th/217 · 2025 | 37.0 m43rd/217 · 2025 |
| Population growth % | 1.56%67th/217 · 2025 | 4.63%2nd/217 · 2025 |
| Population density people/km² | 326.037th/216 · 2024 | 16.4196th/216 · 2024 |
| Urban population % | 39.5%174th/217 · 2025 | 84.6%47th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 0–14 % | 36.2%47th/217 · 2025 | 23.6%105th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 65+ % | 4.4%160th/217 · 2025 | 3.1%195th/217 · 2025 |
| Economy | ||
| GDP USD | $407.31 bn41st/210 · 2025 | $1.28 trn19th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP (PPP) intl. USD | $1.68 trn26th/199 · 2025 | $2.73 trn17th/199 · 2025 |
| Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) intl. USD 2021 | $1.43 trn26th/199 · 2025 | $2.33 trn17th/199 · 2025 |
| GDP per person USD | $1,596181st/210 · 2025 | $34,53750th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP per person (PPP) intl. USD | $6,573156th/199 · 2025 | $73,78425th/199 · 2025 |
| GNI per person (Atlas) USD | $1,500174th/201 · 2025 | $36,07041st/201 · 2025 |
| GDP growth % | 3.7%92nd/210 · 2025 | 4.5%63rd/210 · 2025 |
| Inflation % | 3.5%104th/180 · 2025 | 2.0%59th/180 · 2025 |
| Unemployment % | 5.4%100th/187 · 2025 | 3.0%41st/187 · 2025 |
| Central government debt % of GDP | 55.0%2000 | — |
| General government gross debt % of GDP | 72.8%139th/189 · 2025 | 31.8%40th/189 · 2025 |
| Government budget balance % of GDP | -5.4%157th/192 · 2025 | -5.8%161st/192 · 2025 |
| Main industries | ||
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing % of GDP | 23.0%27th/197 · 2025 | 2.6%138th/197 · 2025 |
| Industry incl. construction % of GDP | 20.1%125th/200 · 2025 | 43.0%12th/200 · 2025 |
| Manufacturing % of GDP | 13.0%66th/192 · 2025 | 15.8%37th/192 · 2025 |
| Services % of GDP | 50.9%140th/200 · 2025 | 48.9%149th/200 · 2025 |
| Trade | ||
| Exports of goods & services USD | $40.67 bn71st/182 · 2025 | $379.83 bn27th/182 · 2025 |
| Imports of goods & services USD | $70.09 bn57th/182 · 2025 | $359.76 bn27th/182 · 2025 |
| Exports % of GDP | 10.0%176th/183 · 2025 | 29.7%114th/183 · 2025 |
| Imports % of GDP | 17.2%172nd/183 · 2025 | 28.2%142nd/183 · 2025 |
| Trade openness % of GDP | 27.2%179th/183 · 2025 | 57.9%131st/183 · 2025 |
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 2.4%94th/170 · 2025 | 78.7%11th/170 · 2025 |
| Manufactures exports % of merchandise exports | 73.2%34th/171 · 2025 | 16.7%113th/171 · 2025 |
| Food exports % of merchandise exports | 18.2%81st/171 · 2025 | 2.2%152nd/171 · 2025 |
| Ores & metals exports % of merchandise exports | 4.6%67th/171 · 2025 | 1.2%127th/171 · 2025 |
| High-tech exports % of manufactured exports | 2.4%127th/168 · 2024 | 0.5%154th/168 · 2024 |
| Current account balance % of GDP | 0.5%72nd/191 · 2025 | -2.6%107th/191 · 2025 |
| Foreign direct investment, inflows % of GDP | 0.5%159th/196 · 2025 | 2.6%81st/196 · 2025 |
| Natural resources | ||
| Natural resource rents % of GDP | 1.4%107th/209 · 2021 | 25.6%17th/209 · 2021 |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 0.38%58th/197 · 2021 | 23.69%6th/197 · 2021 |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 0.74%34th/197 · 2021 | 1.72%26th/197 · 2021 |
| Coal rents % of GDP | 0.12%29th/195 · 2021 | 0.00%68th/195 · 2021 |
| Mineral rents % of GDP | 0.07%74th/209 · 2021 | 0.16%65th/209 · 2021 |
| Forest rents % of GDP | 0.13%106th/209 · 2021 | 0.00%170th/209 · 2021 |
| Arable land % of land area | 39.8%15th/206 · 2024 | 2.0%169th/206 · 2024 |
| Renewable freshwater per person m³ | 226165th/183 · 2022 | 75175th/183 · 2022 |
| Tourism | ||
| International tourist arrivals arrivals | 966,0002012 | 20.3 m13th/194 · 2019 |
| Tourism receipts USD | $765.0 m81st/175 · 2020 | $5.96 bn27th/175 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts % of exports | 2.8%111th/168 · 2020 | 3.2%104th/168 · 2020 |
| Outbound trips departures | — | 27.2 m6th/107 · 2019 |
| Society & health | ||
| Life expectancy years | 67.8169th/217 · 2024 | 79.057th/217 · 2024 |
| Under-5 mortality per 1,000 births | 56.0173rd/196 · 2024 | 6.051st/196 · 2024 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people | 1.16101st/174 · 2021 | 3.4148th/174 · 2023 |
| Hospital beds per 1,000 people | 0.6133rd/145 · 2020 | 2.477th/145 · 2023 |
| DPT immunization % of children 12–23 months | 87%121st/193 · 2024 | 97%29th/193 · 2024 |
| Completed lower secondary, 25+ % of adults | 38.4%120th/153 · 2021 | 85.8%60th/153 · 2024 |
| Secondary enrolment % gross | 48.3%158th/173 · 2024 | 110.7%24th/173 · 2024 |
| Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) % of population | 22.1%2018 | — |
| Old-age dependency ratio % of working-age population | 7.3%155th/217 · 2025 | 4.2%210th/217 · 2025 |
| Health spending % of GDP | 2.5%188th/193 · 2023 | 5.7%113th/193 · 2023 |
| Adult literacy % | 58.9%89th/98 · 2021 | 97.9%21st/98 · 2024 |
| Tertiary enrolment % gross | 10.9%136th/150 · 2024 | 83.9%20th/150 · 2024 |
| Human Development Index index 0–1 | 0.544168th/193 · 2023 | 0.90037th/193 · 2023 |
| Income inequality (Gini) index | 33.547th/108 · 2024 | — |
| Extreme poverty % of population | 23.0%91st/108 · 2024 | — |
| Infrastructure & digital | ||
| Access to electricity % of population | 95.7%151st/215 · 2024 | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 |
| Safely managed drinking water % of population | 45.0%116th/150 · 2024 | — |
| Safely managed sanitation % of population | — | 83.9%45th/144 · 2024 |
| Internet users % of population | 57.3%143rd/186 · 2024 | 100.0%1st/186 · 2024 |
| Mobile subscriptions per 100 people | 77168th/210 · 2024 | 16024th/210 · 2024 |
| Fixed broadband per 100 people | 1.5163rd/208 · 2024 | 44.118th/208 · 2024 |
| Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) score 1–5 | 2.20131st/164 · 2018 | 3.6029th/164 · 2022 |
| Rail lines route-km | 7,79122nd/82 · 2019 | 2,93942nd/82 · 2018 |
| Air passengers carried passengers | 7.2 m54th/161 · 2023 | 48.0 m22nd/161 · 2023 |
| Environment & energy | ||
| CO₂ emissions per person t CO₂e | 0.8157th/203 · 2024 | 18.48196th/203 · 2024 |
| Renewable energy % of final energy use | 41.6%59th/212 · 2021 | 0.1%202nd/212 · 2021 |
| Air pollution (PM2.5) µg/m³ | 58.4194th/200 · 2023 | 73.5199th/200 · 2023 |
| Forest area % of land area | 4.1%184th/214 · 2024 | 1.3%195th/214 · 2024 |
| Energy use per person kg oil eq. | 389133rd/149 · 2024 | 6,6769th/149 · 2024 |
| Institutions & safety | ||
| Government effectiveness score 0–100 | 39.9152nd/205 · 2025 | 67.555th/205 · 2025 |
| Control of corruption score 0–100 | 26.5174th/207 · 2025 | 64.346th/207 · 2025 |
| Rule of law score 0–100 | 41.1170th/207 · 2025 | 63.183rd/207 · 2025 |
| Political stability score 0–100 | 31.4199th/207 · 2025 | 65.9116th/207 · 2025 |
| Regulatory quality score 0–100 | 39.7172nd/205 · 2025 | 67.046th/205 · 2025 |
| Voice & accountability score 0–100 | 37.0160th/205 · 2025 | 26.0192nd/205 · 2025 |
| Homicide rate per 100,000 | 4.391st/145 · 2023 | 0.939th/145 · 2019 |
| Military | ||
| Military expenditure USD | $11.87 bn31st/156 · 2025 | $83.18 bn8th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of GDP | 2.9%34th/156 · 2025 | 6.5%7th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of government spending | 13.8%19th/154 · 2025 | 23.5%5th/154 · 2025 |
| Armed forces personnel people | 943,0006th/170 · 2020 | 282,00025th/170 · 2020 |
| Armed forces personnel % of labour force | 1.25%53rd/168 · 2020 | 1.92%31st/168 · 2020 |
| Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 706.0 m14th/163 · 2025 | 3.0 bn1st/163 · 2025 |
| Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 127.0 m22nd/65 · 2025 | 3.0 m53rd/65 · 2023 |
| Science & innovation | ||
| R&D spending % of GDP | 0.16%89th/110 · 2023 | 0.64%57th/110 · 2024 |
| Patent applications by residents applications | 48045th/137 · 2024 | 3,10817th/137 · 2024 |
| Scientific articles articles | 20,51925th/197 · 2023 | 24,59520th/197 · 2023 |
Questions and answers
Which has more people, Pakistan or Saudi Arabia?
Pakistan has the larger population: 255.2 m (2025) compared with 37.0 m for Saudi Arabia (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.
Which is bigger by area, Pakistan or Saudi Arabia?
Saudi Arabia is larger: 2,149,690 km² (2024) compared with 796,100 km² for Pakistan (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.
Which economy is larger, Pakistan or Saudi Arabia?
Saudi Arabia has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $2.73 trn intl. (2025) compared with $1.68 trn intl. for Pakistan (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.
Which is richer per person, Pakistan or Saudi Arabia?
Saudi Arabia has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $73,784 intl. (2025) compared with $6,573 intl. for Pakistan (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.
Where do people live longer, in Pakistan or Saudi Arabia?
Saudi Arabia has the higher life expectancy at birth: 79.0 years (2024) compared with 67.8 years for Pakistan (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.
Which spends more on the military, Pakistan or Saudi Arabia?
Saudi Arabia spends more on the military: $83.18 bn (2025) compared with $11.87 bn for Pakistan (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.
Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Pakistan or Saudi Arabia?
Saudi Arabia: 76.5 points (15th in the world); Pakistan: 35.8 points (143rd). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.
Sources
World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Pakistan vs Saudi Arabia — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/pakistan-vs-saudi-arabia. Data as of 26 October 2026.