Australia vs Saudi Arabia
Side-by-side comparison of Australia and Saudi Arabia from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.
Australia
East Asia & Pacific · nation age 125 years
Saudi Arabia
Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan · nation age 299 years
In short
Australia scores 77.1 in the NationsTree Index (10th in the world) and Saudi Arabia scores 76.5 (15th), a gap of 0.5 points. Their trees are 30 m and 35 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.
Saudi Arabia has 34% more people than Australia. Australia is 3.6 times larger than Saudi Arabia by land area. The economy of Saudi Arabia is 37% larger than that of Australia (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Australia 27.6 million and Saudi Arabia 37.0 million (2025).
GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $73,784 in Saudi Arabia and $71,934 in Australia (2025, international dollars). People in Australia live on average 4.1 years longer (83.1 vs 79.0 years).
Of 33 indicators reported by both countries, Australia ranks higher in the world on 25 and Saudi Arabia on 8. Australia is clearly stronger in environment & energy, institutions & safety and society & health. Saudi Arabia is clearly stronger in military and main industries.
As a nation, Saudi Arabia is the older of the two (statehood since 1727, 299 years), compared with Australia (since 1901). Over the last five years Saudi Arabia improved faster (direction score 100 vs 34 out of 100).
Where they differ most
The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Australia and Saudi Arabia.
Over time
How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.
Saudi Arabia overtook Australia in GDP per person (PPP) in 2025, the latest year with data.
Saudi Arabia overtook Australia in population in 2005 and has stayed ahead since.
Australia has been ahead of Saudi Arabia in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1996.
Saudi Arabia has been ahead of Australia in GDP (PPP) in every year since 1990.
Australia has been ahead of Saudi Arabia in life expectancy in every year since 1990.
Strength by category
Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i
All indicators
Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.
| Indicator | ||
|---|---|---|
| Land & people | ||
| Surface area km² | 7,741,2206th/216 · 2024 | 2,149,69012th/216 · 2024 |
| Land area km² | 7,688,2876th/216 · 2024 | 2,149,69012th/216 · 2024 |
| Population people | 27.6 m55th/217 · 2025 | 37.0 m43rd/217 · 2025 |
| Population growth % | 1.53%69th/217 · 2025 | 4.63%2nd/217 · 2025 |
| Population density people/km² | 3.5214th/216 · 2024 | 16.4196th/216 · 2024 |
| Urban population % | 87.7%41st/217 · 2025 | 84.6%47th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 0–14 % | 17.7%144th/217 · 2025 | 23.6%105th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 65+ % | 18.1%48th/217 · 2025 | 3.1%195th/217 · 2025 |
| Economy | ||
| GDP USD | $1.80 trn15th/210 · 2025 | $1.28 trn19th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP (PPP) intl. USD | $1.99 trn20th/199 · 2025 | $2.73 trn17th/199 · 2025 |
| Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) intl. USD 2021 | $1.66 trn21st/199 · 2025 | $2.33 trn17th/199 · 2025 |
| GDP per person USD | $65,13019th/210 · 2025 | $34,53750th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP per person (PPP) intl. USD | $71,93428th/199 · 2025 | $73,78425th/199 · 2025 |
| GNI per person (Atlas) USD | $64,12016th/201 · 2025 | $36,07041st/201 · 2025 |
| GDP growth % | 1.4%163rd/210 · 2025 | 4.5%63rd/210 · 2025 |
| Inflation % | 2.9%85th/180 · 2025 | 2.0%59th/180 · 2025 |
| Unemployment % | 4.1%69th/187 · 2025 | 3.0%41st/187 · 2025 |
| Central government debt % of GDP | 57.9%29th/55 · 2022 | — |
| General government gross debt % of GDP | 51.9%88th/189 · 2025 | 31.8%40th/189 · 2025 |
| Government budget balance % of GDP | -2.9%102nd/192 · 2025 | -5.8%161st/192 · 2025 |
| Main industries | ||
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing % of GDP | 2.3%144th/197 · 2025 | 2.6%138th/197 · 2025 |
| Industry incl. construction % of GDP | 23.9%100th/200 · 2025 | 43.0%12th/200 · 2025 |
| Manufacturing % of GDP | 5.3%149th/192 · 2025 | 15.8%37th/192 · 2025 |
| Services % of GDP | 67.5%44th/200 · 2025 | 48.9%149th/200 · 2025 |
| Trade | ||
| Exports of goods & services USD | $418.06 bn23rd/182 · 2025 | $379.83 bn27th/182 · 2025 |
| Imports of goods & services USD | $407.49 bn22nd/182 · 2025 | $359.76 bn27th/182 · 2025 |
| Exports % of GDP | 23.2%130th/183 · 2025 | 29.7%114th/183 · 2025 |
| Imports % of GDP | 22.7%159th/183 · 2025 | 28.2%142nd/183 · 2025 |
| Trade openness % of GDP | 45.9%153rd/183 · 2025 | 57.9%131st/183 · 2025 |
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 26.9%31st/170 · 2025 | 78.7%11th/170 · 2025 |
| Manufactures exports % of merchandise exports | 9.8%134th/171 · 2025 | 16.7%113th/171 · 2025 |
| Food exports % of merchandise exports | 13.7%95th/171 · 2025 | 2.2%152nd/171 · 2025 |
| Ores & metals exports % of merchandise exports | 34.6%12th/171 · 2025 | 1.2%127th/171 · 2025 |
| High-tech exports % of manufactured exports | 25.2%22nd/168 · 2024 | 0.5%154th/168 · 2024 |
| Current account balance % of GDP | -2.6%107th/191 · 2025 | -2.6%107th/191 · 2025 |
| Foreign direct investment, inflows % of GDP | 2.1%97th/196 · 2025 | 2.6%81st/196 · 2025 |
| Natural resources | ||
| Natural resource rents % of GDP | 13.4%37th/209 · 2021 | 25.6%17th/209 · 2021 |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 0.26%69th/197 · 2021 | 23.69%6th/197 · 2021 |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 1.72%25th/197 · 2021 | 1.72%26th/197 · 2021 |
| Coal rents % of GDP | 0.79%8th/195 · 2021 | 0.00%68th/195 · 2021 |
| Mineral rents % of GDP | 10.47%11th/209 · 2021 | 0.16%65th/209 · 2021 |
| Forest rents % of GDP | 0.12%108th/209 · 2021 | 0.00%170th/209 · 2021 |
| Arable land % of land area | 4.1%145th/206 · 2024 | 2.0%169th/206 · 2024 |
| Renewable freshwater per person m³ | 18,90932nd/183 · 2022 | 75175th/183 · 2022 |
| Tourism | ||
| International tourist arrivals arrivals | 1.8 m74th/194 · 2020 | 20.3 m13th/194 · 2019 |
| Tourism receipts USD | $26.23 bn5th/175 · 2020 | $5.96 bn27th/175 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts % of exports | 8.7%65th/168 · 2020 | 3.2%104th/168 · 2020 |
| Outbound trips departures | 2.8 m42nd/107 · 2020 | 27.2 m6th/107 · 2019 |
| Society & health | ||
| Life expectancy years | 83.122nd/217 · 2024 | 79.057th/217 · 2024 |
| Under-5 mortality per 1,000 births | 3.625th/196 · 2024 | 6.051st/196 · 2024 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people | 4.0929th/174 · 2022 | 3.4148th/174 · 2023 |
| Hospital beds per 1,000 people | 3.82016 | 2.477th/145 · 2023 |
| DPT immunization % of children 12–23 months | 93%81st/193 · 2024 | 97%29th/193 · 2024 |
| Completed lower secondary, 25+ % of adults | 93.2%37th/153 · 2024 | 85.8%60th/153 · 2024 |
| Secondary enrolment % gross | 131.9%8th/173 · 2024 | 110.7%24th/173 · 2024 |
| Old-age dependency ratio % of working-age population | 28.2%48th/217 · 2025 | 4.2%210th/217 · 2025 |
| Health spending % of GDP | 10.4%25th/193 · 2023 | 5.7%113th/193 · 2023 |
| Adult literacy % | — | 97.9%21st/98 · 2024 |
| Tertiary enrolment % gross | 108.4%8th/150 · 2024 | 83.9%20th/150 · 2024 |
| Human Development Index index 0–1 | 0.9587th/193 · 2023 | 0.90037th/193 · 2023 |
| Income inequality (Gini) index | 33.82020 | — |
| Extreme poverty % of population | 0.9%2020 | — |
| Infrastructure & digital | ||
| Access to electricity % of population | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 |
| Safely managed sanitation % of population | 95.8%22nd/144 · 2024 | 83.9%45th/144 · 2024 |
| Internet users % of population | 96.1%19th/186 · 2024 | 100.0%1st/186 · 2024 |
| Mobile subscriptions per 100 people | 113113th/210 · 2024 | 16024th/210 · 2024 |
| Fixed broadband per 100 people | 36.537th/208 · 2024 | 44.118th/208 · 2024 |
| Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) score 1–5 | 4.109th/164 · 2022 | 3.6029th/164 · 2022 |
| Rail lines route-km | — | 2,93942nd/82 · 2018 |
| Air passengers carried passengers | 69.0 m17th/161 · 2023 | 48.0 m22nd/161 · 2023 |
| Environment & energy | ||
| CO₂ emissions per person t CO₂e | 14.10192nd/203 · 2024 | 18.48196th/203 · 2024 |
| Renewable energy % of final energy use | 12.3%130th/212 · 2021 | 0.1%202nd/212 · 2021 |
| Air pollution (PM2.5) µg/m³ | 6.420th/200 · 2023 | 73.5199th/200 · 2023 |
| Forest area % of land area | 17.4%138th/214 · 2024 | 1.3%195th/214 · 2024 |
| Energy use per person kg oil eq. | 5,00016th/149 · 2024 | 6,6769th/149 · 2024 |
| Institutions & safety | ||
| Government effectiveness score 0–100 | 88.211th/205 · 2025 | 67.555th/205 · 2025 |
| Control of corruption score 0–100 | 85.110th/207 · 2025 | 64.346th/207 · 2025 |
| Rule of law score 0–100 | 82.720th/207 · 2025 | 63.183rd/207 · 2025 |
| Political stability score 0–100 | 79.360th/207 · 2025 | 65.9116th/207 · 2025 |
| Regulatory quality score 0–100 | 84.25th/205 · 2025 | 67.046th/205 · 2025 |
| Voice & accountability score 0–100 | 83.715th/205 · 2025 | 26.0192nd/205 · 2025 |
| Homicide rate per 100,000 | 0.934th/145 · 2023 | 0.939th/145 · 2019 |
| Military | ||
| Military expenditure USD | $35.33 bn17th/156 · 2025 | $83.18 bn8th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of GDP | 1.9%68th/156 · 2025 | 6.5%7th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of government spending | 4.9%82nd/154 · 2025 | 23.5%5th/154 · 2025 |
| Armed forces personnel people | 60,00064th/170 · 2020 | 282,00025th/170 · 2020 |
| Armed forces personnel % of labour force | 0.44%122nd/168 · 2020 | 1.92%31st/168 · 2020 |
| Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 826.0 m11th/163 · 2025 | 3.0 bn1st/163 · 2025 |
| Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 108.0 m26th/65 · 2025 | 3.0 m53rd/65 · 2023 |
| Science & innovation | ||
| R&D spending % of GDP | 1.86%19th/110 · 2021 | 0.64%57th/110 · 2024 |
| Patent applications by residents applications | 2,54218th/137 · 2024 | 3,10817th/137 · 2024 |
| Scientific articles articles | 54,58915th/197 · 2023 | 24,59520th/197 · 2023 |
Questions and answers
Which has more people, Australia or Saudi Arabia?
Saudi Arabia has the larger population: 37.0 m (2025) compared with 27.6 m for Australia (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.
Which is bigger by area, Australia or Saudi Arabia?
Australia is larger: 7,741,220 km² (2024) compared with 2,149,690 km² for Saudi Arabia (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.
Which economy is larger, Australia or Saudi Arabia?
Saudi Arabia has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $2.73 trn intl. (2025) compared with $1.99 trn intl. for Australia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.
Which is richer per person, Australia or Saudi Arabia?
Saudi Arabia has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $73,784 intl. (2025) compared with $71,934 intl. for Australia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.
Where do people live longer, in Australia or Saudi Arabia?
Australia has the higher life expectancy at birth: 83.1 years (2024) compared with 79.0 years for Saudi Arabia (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.
Which spends more on the military, Australia or Saudi Arabia?
Saudi Arabia spends more on the military: $83.18 bn (2025) compared with $35.33 bn for Australia (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.
Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Australia or Saudi Arabia?
Australia: 77.1 points (10th in the world); Saudi Arabia: 76.5 points (15th). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.
Sources
World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Australia vs Saudi Arabia — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/australia-vs-saudi-arabia. Data as of 26 October 2026.