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Comparison · latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Compare / China vs South Korea

China vs South Korea

Side-by-side comparison of China and South Korea from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.

China

East Asia & Pacific · nation age 3,625 years

NationsTree Index69.836th of 196
Tree height132 m 
vs
7:27
indicators where each ranks higher

South Korea

East Asia & Pacific · nation age 2,082 years

NationsTree Index84.51st of 196
Tree height40 m 
Open in the comparison tool Data as of 26 October 2026

In short

South Korea scores 84.5 in the NationsTree Index (1st in the world) and China scores 69.8 (36th), a gap of 14.8 points. Their trees are 132 m and 40 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.

China has 27 times the population of South Korea. China is 95 times larger than South Korea by land area. China has an economy 13 times the size of South Korea (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: China 1.4 billion and South Korea 51.7 million (2025).

GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $63,125 in South Korea and $29,333 in China (2025, international dollars). People in South Korea live on average 5.6 years longer (83.6 vs 78.0 years).

Of 34 indicators reported by both countries, China ranks higher in the world on 7 and South Korea on 27. China is clearly stronger in tourism, natural resources and main industries. South Korea is clearly stronger in institutions & safety, military and trade.

As a nation, China is the older of the two (statehood since 1600 BC, 3,625 years), compared with South Korea (since 57 BC). Over the last five years South Korea improved faster (direction score 75 vs 42 out of 100).

Where they differ most

The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between China and South Korea.

Over time

How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.

NationsTree IndexChinaSouth Korea
405060708090 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016 2021 2025

South Korea has been ahead of China in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1991.

South Korea has been ahead of China in GDP per person (PPP) and life expectancy in every year since 1990.

China has been ahead of South Korea in GDP (PPP) and population in every year since 1990.

Strength by category

Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i

All indicators

Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.

Indicator China South Korea
Land & people
Surface area i km² 9,562,9104th/216 · 2024 100,460109th/216 · 2024
Land area i km² 9,388,2102nd/216 · 2024 97,600106th/216 · 2024
Population i people 1.4 bn2nd/217 · 2025 51.7 m29th/217 · 2025
Population growth i % -0.17%188th/217 · 2025 -0.13%182nd/217 · 2025
Population density i people/km² 150.176th/216 · 2024 530.223rd/216 · 2024
Urban population i % 66.3%101st/217 · 2025 81.2%54th/217 · 2025
Population aged 0–14 i % 15.4%174th/217 · 2025 10.2%217th/217 · 2025
Population aged 65+ i % 14.9%68th/217 · 2025 20.3%36th/217 · 2025
Economy
GDP i USD $19.50 trn2nd/210 · 2025 $1.87 trn13th/210 · 2025
GDP (PPP) i intl. USD $41.26 trn1st/199 · 2025 $3.26 trn14th/199 · 2025
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) i intl. USD 2021 $35.26 trn1st/199 · 2025 $2.88 trn14th/199 · 2025
GDP per person i USD $13,86293rd/210 · 2025 $36,22747th/210 · 2025
GDP per person (PPP) i intl. USD $29,33381st/199 · 2025 $63,12535th/199 · 2025
GNI per person (Atlas) i USD $14,23078th/201 · 2025 $37,88036th/201 · 2025
GDP growth i % 5.0%53rd/210 · 2025 1.0%174th/210 · 2025
Inflation i % 0.1%14th/180 · 2025 2.1%62nd/180 · 2025
Unemployment i % 4.6%76th/187 · 2025 2.7%29th/187 · 2025
Central government debt i % of GDP — 47.8%21st/55 · 2024
General government gross debt i % of GDP 98.6%166th/189 · 2025 52.4%91st/189 · 2025
Government budget balance i % of GDP -7.9%179th/192 · 2025 -2.3%86th/192 · 2025
Main industries
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i % of GDP 6.7%95th/197 · 2025 1.5%160th/197 · 2025
Industry incl. construction i % of GDP 35.6%29th/200 · 2025 34.3%36th/200 · 2025
Manufacturing i % of GDP 24.7%9th/192 · 2025 27.4%7th/192 · 2025
Services i % of GDP 57.7%100th/200 · 2025 57.2%104th/200 · 2025
Trade
Exports of goods & services i USD $4.11 trn1st/182 · 2025 $856.86 bn11th/182 · 2025
Imports of goods & services i USD $3.29 trn2nd/182 · 2025 $760.16 bn12th/182 · 2025
Exports i % of GDP 21.1%144th/183 · 2025 45.8%62nd/183 · 2025
Imports i % of GDP 16.9%173rd/183 · 2025 40.6%101st/183 · 2025
Trade openness i % of GDP 38.0%165th/183 · 2025 86.4%85th/183 · 2025
Fuel exports i % of merchandise exports 1.4%111th/170 · 2025 6.7%64th/170 · 2025
Manufactures exports i % of merchandise exports 90.5%4th/171 · 2025 88.0%8th/171 · 2025
Food exports i % of merchandise exports 2.3%150th/171 · 2025 1.7%157th/171 · 2025
Ores & metals exports i % of merchandise exports 1.6%115th/171 · 2025 2.6%94th/171 · 2025
High-tech exports i % of manufactured exports 26.3%20th/168 · 2024 36.3%13th/168 · 2024
Current account balance i % of GDP 3.7%44th/191 · 2025 6.5%29th/191 · 2025
Foreign direct investment, inflows i % of GDP 0.4%163rd/196 · 2025 0.8%148th/196 · 2025
Natural resources
Natural resource rents i % of GDP 1.7%103rd/209 · 2021 0.0%162nd/209 · 2021
Oil rents i % of GDP 0.31%62nd/197 · 2021 0.03%93rd/197 · 2021
Natural gas rents i % of GDP 0.21%52nd/197 · 2021 0.01%88th/197 · 2021
Coal rents i % of GDP 0.61%12th/195 · 2021 0.00%59th/195 · 2021
Mineral rents i % of GDP 0.51%55th/209 · 2021 0.00%89th/209 · 2021
Forest rents i % of GDP 0.07%122nd/209 · 2021 0.01%146th/209 · 2021
Arable land i % of land area 11.6%88th/206 · 2024 13.3%79th/206 · 2024
Renewable freshwater per person i m³ 1,992106th/183 · 2022 1,255120th/183 · 2022
Tourism
International tourist arrivals i arrivals 30.4 m11th/194 · 2020 2.5 m58th/194 · 2020
Tourism receipts i USD $27.76 bn2004 $11.78 bn14th/175 · 2020
Tourism receipts i % of exports 4.6%2004 1.9%129th/168 · 2020
Outbound trips i departures 20.3 m12th/107 · 2020 4.3 m30th/107 · 2020
Society & health
Life expectancy i years 78.070th/217 · 2024 83.614th/217 · 2024
Under-5 mortality i per 1,000 births 5.747th/196 · 2024 2.817th/196 · 2024
Physicians i per 1,000 people 3.1156th/174 · 2022 2.6170th/174 · 2022
Hospital beds i per 1,000 people 5.619th/145 · 2023 12.81st/145 · 2022
DPT immunization i % of children 12–23 months 97%29th/193 · 2024 97%29th/193 · 2024
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i % of adults 72.4%80th/153 · 2020 90.0%49th/153 · 2024
Secondary enrolment i % gross 92.3%2012 96.3%76th/173 · 2024
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i % of population 63.1%2013 —
Old-age dependency ratio i % of working-age population 21.4%69th/217 · 2025 29.3%41st/217 · 2025
Health spending i % of GDP 5.9%106th/193 · 2023 8.7%50th/193 · 2024
Adult literacy i % 96.7%27th/98 · 2020 98.0%2008
Tertiary enrolment i % gross 76.9%36th/150 · 2024 111.9%5th/150 · 2024
Human Development Index i index 0–1 0.79778th/193 · 2023 0.93720th/193 · 2023
Income inequality (Gini) i index 36.065th/108 · 2022 32.940th/108 · 2021
Extreme poverty i % of population 0.0%1st/108 · 2022 0.1%10th/108 · 2021
Infrastructure & digital
Access to electricity i % of population 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 100.0%1st/215 · 2024
Safely managed drinking water i % of population — 99.3%28th/150 · 2024
Safely managed sanitation i % of population 68.9%66th/144 · 2024 99.3%8th/144 · 2024
Internet users i % of population 91.6%47th/186 · 2025 97.9%13th/186 · 2024
Mobile subscriptions i per 100 people 13254th/210 · 2024 17318th/210 · 2024
Fixed broadband i per 100 people 47.29th/208 · 2024 47.88th/208 · 2024
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) i score 1–5 4.0014th/164 · 2022 4.109th/164 · 2022
Rail lines i route-km 109,7672nd/82 · 2021 4,30929th/82 · 2021
Air passengers carried i passengers 619.2 m2nd/161 · 2023 76.3 m16th/161 · 2023
Environment & energy
CO₂ emissions per person i t CO₂e 9.32182nd/203 · 2024 11.36187th/203 · 2024
Renewable energy i % of final energy use 15.2%122nd/212 · 2021 3.6%171st/212 · 2021
Air pollution (PM2.5) i µg/m³ 32.0158th/200 · 2023 21.9128th/200 · 2023
Forest area i % of land area 24.0%122nd/214 · 2024 64.4%23rd/214 · 2024
Energy use per person i kg oil eq. 2,94737th/149 · 2024 5,56413th/149 · 2024
Institutions & safety
Government effectiveness i score 0–100 65.159th/205 · 2025 83.119th/205 · 2025
Control of corruption i score 0–100 49.589th/207 · 2025 66.740th/207 · 2025
Rule of law i score 0–100 51.6127th/207 · 2025 78.329th/207 · 2025
Political stability i score 0–100 66.0115th/207 · 2025 81.749th/207 · 2025
Regulatory quality i score 0–100 53.6104th/205 · 2025 72.832nd/205 · 2025
Voice & accountability i score 0–100 26.1191st/205 · 2025 73.849th/205 · 2025
Homicide rate i per 100,000 0.511th/145 · 2020 0.510th/145 · 2023
Military
Military expenditure i USD $335.52 bn2nd/156 · 2025 $47.77 bn13th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of GDP 1.7%78th/156 · 2025 2.6%38th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of government spending 5.1%79th/154 · 2025 10.8%26th/154 · 2025
Armed forces personnel i people 2.5 m2nd/170 · 2020 569,00011th/170 · 2020
Armed forces personnel i % of labour force 0.33%142nd/168 · 2020 2.01%26th/168 · 2020
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 207.0 m37th/163 · 2025 222.0 m36th/163 · 2025
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 880.0 m8th/65 · 2025 2.0 bn4th/65 · 2025
Science & innovation
R&D spending i % of GDP 2.58%15th/110 · 2023 4.94%3rd/110 · 2023
Patent applications by residents i applications 1.7 m1st/137 · 2024 195,7864th/137 · 2024
Scientific articles i articles 932,7121st/197 · 2023 71,7249th/197 · 2023

Questions and answers

Which has more people, China or South Korea?

China has the larger population: 1.4 bn (2025) compared with 51.7 m for South Korea (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.

Which is bigger by area, China or South Korea?

China is larger: 9,562,910 km² (2024) compared with 100,460 km² for South Korea (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.

Which economy is larger, China or South Korea?

China has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $41.26 trn intl. (2025) compared with $3.26 trn intl. for South Korea (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.

Which is richer per person, China or South Korea?

South Korea has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $63,125 intl. (2025) compared with $29,333 intl. for China (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.

Where do people live longer, in China or South Korea?

South Korea has the higher life expectancy at birth: 83.6 years (2024) compared with 78.0 years for China (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.

Which spends more on the military, China or South Korea?

China spends more on the military: $335.52 bn (2025) compared with $47.77 bn for South Korea (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.

Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, China or South Korea?

South Korea: 84.5 points (1st in the world); China: 69.8 points (36th). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.

More comparisons

Sources

World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). China vs South Korea — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/china-vs-south-korea. Data as of 26 October 2026.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). China vs South Korea — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/china-vs-south-korea. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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