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Comparison · latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Compare / Armenia vs Estonia

Armenia vs Estonia

Side-by-side comparison of Armenia and Estonia from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.

Armenia

Europe & Central Asia · nation age 2,356 years

NationsTree Index51.083rd of 196
Tree height5.2 m 
vs
8:29
indicators where each ranks higher

Estonia

Europe & Central Asia · nation age 108 years

NationsTree Index65.145th of 196
Tree height5.2 m 
Open in the comparison tool Data as of 26 October 2026

In short

Estonia scores 65.1 in the NationsTree Index (45th in the world) and Armenia scores 51.0 (83rd), a gap of 14.1 points. Their trees are 5.2 m and 5.2 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.

Armenia has 2.3 times the population of Estonia. Estonia has 52% more land area than Armenia. Armenia and Estonia have economies of similar size (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Armenia 3.1 million and Estonia 1.4 million (2025).

GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $52,106 in Estonia and $24,754 in Armenia (2025, international dollars). People in Estonia live on average 1.0 years longer (79.3 vs 78.3 years).

Of 37 indicators reported by both countries, Armenia ranks higher in the world on 8 and Estonia on 29. Armenia is clearly stronger in military, land & people and main industries. Estonia is clearly stronger in institutions & safety, environment & energy and science & innovation.

As a nation, Armenia is the older of the two (statehood since 331 BC, 2,356 years), compared with Estonia (since 1918). Over the last five years Armenia improved faster (direction score 65 vs 29 out of 100).

Where they differ most

The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Armenia and Estonia.

Over time

How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.

NationsTree IndexArmeniaEstonia
304050607080 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016 2021 2025

Armenia overtook Estonia in GDP (PPP) in 2024 and has stayed ahead since.

Estonia overtook Armenia in life expectancy in 2008 and has stayed ahead since.

Estonia has been ahead of Armenia in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1996.

Estonia has been ahead of Armenia in GDP per person (PPP) in every year since 1990.

Armenia has been ahead of Estonia in population in every year since 1990.

Strength by category

Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i

All indicators

Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.

Indicator Armenia Estonia
Land & people
Surface area i km² 29,740139th/216 · 2024 45,340130th/216 · 2024
Land area i km² 28,199138th/216 · 2024 42,730130th/216 · 2024
Population i people 3.1 m137th/217 · 2025 1.4 m157th/217 · 2025
Population growth i % 1.74%61st/217 · 2025 -0.43%196th/217 · 2025
Population density i people/km² 107.699th/216 · 2024 32.1169th/216 · 2024
Urban population i % 65.9%103rd/217 · 2025 70.7%86th/217 · 2025
Population aged 0–14 i % 19.0%131st/217 · 2025 15.3%175th/217 · 2025
Population aged 65+ i % 14.4%71st/217 · 2025 21.8%21st/217 · 2025
Economy
GDP i USD $29.24 bn115th/210 · 2025 $47.03 bn102nd/210 · 2025
GDP (PPP) i intl. USD $76.41 bn113th/199 · 2025 $71.20 bn118th/199 · 2025
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) i intl. USD 2021 $65.29 bn113th/199 · 2025 $56.85 bn120th/199 · 2025
GDP per person i USD $9,474107th/210 · 2025 $34,41851st/210 · 2025
GDP per person (PPP) i intl. USD $24,75492nd/199 · 2025 $52,10649th/199 · 2025
GNI per person (Atlas) i USD $9,02098th/201 · 2025 $32,31046th/201 · 2025
GDP growth i % 7.2%18th/210 · 2025 0.6%185th/210 · 2025
Inflation i % 3.3%95th/180 · 2025 4.8%137th/180 · 2025
Unemployment i % 12.9%166th/187 · 2025 8.3%135th/187 · 2025
Central government debt i % of GDP 47.9%22nd/55 · 2024 —
General government gross debt i % of GDP 46.9%78th/189 · 2025 24.0%22nd/189 · 2025
Government budget balance i % of GDP -3.7%123rd/192 · 2025 -2.0%77th/192 · 2025
Main industries
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i % of GDP 7.9%85th/197 · 2025 1.6%152nd/197 · 2025
Industry incl. construction i % of GDP 23.1%104th/200 · 2025 19.7%128th/200 · 2025
Manufacturing i % of GDP 11.0%88th/192 · 2025 10.8%90th/192 · 2025
Services i % of GDP 61.3%76th/200 · 2025 65.8%51st/200 · 2025
Trade
Exports of goods & services i USD $14.07 bn99th/182 · 2025 $36.85 bn76th/182 · 2025
Imports of goods & services i USD $15.68 bn102nd/182 · 2025 $36.40 bn73rd/182 · 2025
Exports i % of GDP 48.1%54th/183 · 2025 78.4%19th/183 · 2025
Imports i % of GDP 53.6%69th/183 · 2025 77.4%25th/183 · 2025
Trade openness i % of GDP 101.7%60th/183 · 2025 155.8%18th/183 · 2025
Fuel exports i % of merchandise exports 1.0%116th/170 · 2025 7.6%61st/170 · 2025
Manufactures exports i % of merchandise exports 44.6%72nd/171 · 2025 65.1%47th/171 · 2025
Food exports i % of merchandise exports 18.4%80th/171 · 2025 12.5%103rd/171 · 2025
Ores & metals exports i % of merchandise exports 18.3%28th/171 · 2025 1.8%110th/171 · 2025
High-tech exports i % of manufactured exports 23.6%24th/168 · 2024 18.4%37th/168 · 2024
Current account balance i % of GDP -8.7%168th/191 · 2025 0.3%73rd/191 · 2025
Foreign direct investment, inflows i % of GDP 2.4%87th/196 · 2025 -2.2%189th/196 · 2025
Natural resources
Natural resource rents i % of GDP 7.1%59th/209 · 2021 1.7%102nd/209 · 2021
Oil rents i % of GDP 0.00%120th/197 · 2021 0.96%45th/197 · 2021
Natural gas rents i % of GDP 0.00%100th/197 · 2021 0.00%100th/197 · 2021
Coal rents i % of GDP 0.00%67th/195 · 2021 0.00%68th/195 · 2021
Mineral rents i % of GDP 6.79%17th/209 · 2021 0.00%91st/209 · 2021
Forest rents i % of GDP 0.27%87th/209 · 2021 0.76%61st/209 · 2021
Arable land i % of land area 15.7%73rd/206 · 2024 16.5%66th/206 · 2024
Renewable freshwater per person i m³ 2,31097th/183 · 2022 9,42348th/183 · 2022
Tourism
International tourist arrivals i arrivals 375,000134th/194 · 2020 1.7 m76th/194 · 2020
Tourism receipts i USD $303.0 m107th/175 · 2020 $865.0 m79th/175 · 2020
Tourism receipts i % of exports 8.0%68th/168 · 2020 4.0%92nd/168 · 2020
Outbound trips i departures 346,00084th/107 · 2020 558,00075th/107 · 2020
Society & health
Life expectancy i years 78.364th/217 · 2024 79.356th/217 · 2024
Under-5 mortality i per 1,000 births 9.672nd/196 · 2024 2.02nd/196 · 2024
Physicians i per 1,000 people 3.3651st/174 · 2022 3.4746th/174 · 2022
Hospital beds i per 1,000 people 4.232nd/145 · 2023 4.133rd/145 · 2023
DPT immunization i % of children 12–23 months 94%66th/193 · 2024 81%142nd/193 · 2024
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i % of adults 99.1%8th/153 · 2023 98.7%11th/153 · 2023
Secondary enrolment i % gross 90.9%98th/173 · 2024 108.5%28th/173 · 2024
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i % of population 75.3%14th/55 · 2022 —
Old-age dependency ratio i % of working-age population 21.7%66th/217 · 2025 34.6%21st/217 · 2025
Health spending i % of GDP 9.3%39th/193 · 2023 7.8%65th/193 · 2024
Adult literacy i % 99.8%7th/98 · 2023 99.9%2011
Tertiary enrolment i % gross 52.8%76th/150 · 2024 65.7%55th/150 · 2024
Human Development Index i index 0–1 0.81169th/193 · 2023 0.90536th/193 · 2023
Income inequality (Gini) i index 27.412th/108 · 2024 30.728th/108 · 2023
Extreme poverty i % of population 0.8%43rd/108 · 2024 0.3%23rd/108 · 2023
Infrastructure & digital
Access to electricity i % of population 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 100.0%1st/215 · 2024
Safely managed drinking water i % of population 82.1%71st/150 · 2024 98.9%30th/150 · 2024
Safely managed sanitation i % of population 10.7%140th/144 · 2024 90.6%35th/144 · 2024
Internet users i % of population 81.3%100th/186 · 2024 92.2%43rd/186 · 2024
Mobile subscriptions i per 100 people 13549th/210 · 2024 15131st/210 · 2024
Fixed broadband i per 100 people 20.388th/208 · 2024 35.443rd/208 · 2024
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) i score 1–5 2.6080th/164 · 2022 3.5038th/164 · 2022
Rail lines i route-km 69871st/82 · 2021 1,03365th/82 · 2017
Air passengers carried i passengers 1.3 m93rd/161 · 2023 857160th/161 · 2019
Environment & energy
CO₂ emissions per person i t CO₂e 2.4797th/203 · 2024 7.76175th/203 · 2024
Renewable energy i % of final energy use 9.1%150th/212 · 2021 38.0%64th/212 · 2021
Air pollution (PM2.5) i µg/m³ 28.6149th/200 · 2023 5.919th/200 · 2023
Forest area i % of land area 11.8%161st/214 · 2024 57.2%40th/214 · 2024
Energy use per person i kg oil eq. 1,31283rd/149 · 2024 3,09833rd/149 · 2024
Institutions & safety
Government effectiveness i score 0–100 47.5128th/205 · 2025 83.020th/205 · 2025
Control of corruption i score 0–100 50.387th/207 · 2025 81.114th/207 · 2025
Rule of law i score 0–100 54.3115th/207 · 2025 82.322nd/207 · 2025
Political stability i score 0–100 58.0146th/207 · 2025 81.250th/207 · 2025
Regulatory quality i score 0–100 59.278th/205 · 2025 79.118th/205 · 2025
Voice & accountability i score 0–100 59.995th/205 · 2025 82.417th/205 · 2025
Homicide rate i per 100,000 2.271st/145 · 2023 1.560th/145 · 2023
Military
Military expenditure i USD $1.73 bn69th/156 · 2025 $1.58 bn70th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of GDP 6.1%9th/156 · 2025 3.4%20th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of government spending 19.9%8th/154 · 2025 7.5%44th/154 · 2025
Armed forces personnel i people 47,00071st/170 · 2020 7,000142nd/170 · 2020
Armed forces personnel i % of labour force 3.25%14th/168 · 2020 1.00%69th/168 · 2020
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 21.0 m88th/163 · 2025 204.0 m38th/163 · 2025
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 4.0 m2006 2.0 m56th/65 · 2024
Science & innovation
R&D spending i % of GDP 0.29%74th/110 · 2024 1.84%21st/110 · 2023
Patent applications by residents i applications 1397th/137 · 2024 2787th/137 · 2024
Scientific articles i articles 80189th/197 · 2023 1,75474th/197 · 2023

Questions and answers

Which has more people, Armenia or Estonia?

Armenia has the larger population: 3.1 m (2025) compared with 1.4 m for Estonia (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.

Which is bigger by area, Armenia or Estonia?

Estonia is larger: 45,340 km² (2024) compared with 29,740 km² for Armenia (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.

Which economy is larger, Armenia or Estonia?

Armenia has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $76.41 bn intl. (2025) compared with $71.20 bn intl. for Estonia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.

Which is richer per person, Armenia or Estonia?

Estonia has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $52,106 intl. (2025) compared with $24,754 intl. for Armenia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.

Where do people live longer, in Armenia or Estonia?

Estonia has the higher life expectancy at birth: 79.3 years (2024) compared with 78.3 years for Armenia (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.

Which spends more on the military, Armenia or Estonia?

Armenia spends more on the military: $1.73 bn (2025) compared with $1.58 bn for Estonia (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.

Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Armenia or Estonia?

Estonia: 65.1 points (45th in the world); Armenia: 51.0 points (83rd). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.

More comparisons

Sources

World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Armenia vs Estonia — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/armenia-vs-estonia. Data as of 26 October 2026.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Armenia vs Estonia — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/armenia-vs-estonia. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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