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Estonia vs Tajikistan
Side-by-side comparison of Estonia and Tajikistan from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.
Estonia
Europe & Central Asia · nation age 108 years
Tajikistan
Europe & Central Asia · nation age 35 years
In short
Estonia scores 65.1 in the NationsTree Index (45th in the world) and Tajikistan scores 39.4 (131st), a gap of 25.8 points. Their trees are 5.2 m and 4.5 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.
Tajikistan has 7.9 times the population of Estonia. Tajikistan is 3.1 times larger than Estonia by land area. The economy of Estonia is 11% larger than that of Tajikistan (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Estonia 1.4 million and Tajikistan 10.8 million (2025).
GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $52,106 in Estonia and $5,923 in Tajikistan (2025, international dollars). People in Estonia live on average 7.4 years longer (79.3 vs 71.9 years).
Of 37 indicators reported by both countries, Estonia ranks higher in the world on 29 and Tajikistan on 8. Estonia is clearly stronger in institutions & safety, science & innovation and infrastructure & digital. Tajikistan is clearly stronger in main industries, land & people and natural resources.
As a nation, Estonia is the older of the two (statehood since 1918, 108 years), compared with Tajikistan (since 1991). Over the last five years Tajikistan improved faster (direction score 85 vs 29 out of 100).
Where they differ most
The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Estonia and Tajikistan.
Estoniabetter
82.4
17th of 205
Tajikistan
25.6
196th of 205
GDP growthEconomy
Estonia
0.6%
185th of 210
Tajikistanbetter
8.4%
9th of 210
Control of corruptionInstitutions & safety
Estoniabetter
81.1
14th of 207
Tajikistan
22.8
184th of 207
R&D spendingScience & innovation
Estoniabetter
1.84%
21st of 110
Tajikistan
0.09%
101st of 110
Air pollution (PM2.5)Environment & energy
Estoniabetter
5.9
19th of 200
Tajikistan
33.3
164th of 200
Over time
How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.
Estonia overtook Tajikistan in GDP (PPP) in 1993 and has stayed ahead since.
Estonia has been ahead of Tajikistan in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1996.
Estonia has been ahead of Tajikistan in GDP per person (PPP) and life expectancy in every year since 1990.
Tajikistan has been ahead of Estonia in population in every year since 1990.
Strength by category
Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i
EstoniaTajikistan All indicators
Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.
| Indicator | Estonia | Tajikistan |
|---|---|---|
| Land & people | ||
| Surface area km² | 45,340130th/216 · 2024 | 141,37996th/216 · 2024 |
| Land area km² | 42,730130th/216 · 2024 | 138,79094th/216 · 2024 |
| Population people | 1.4 m157th/217 · 2025 | 10.8 m90th/217 · 2025 |
| Population growth % | -0.43%196th/217 · 2025 | 1.83%59th/217 · 2025 |
| Population density people/km² | 32.1169th/216 · 2024 | 76.3131st/216 · 2024 |
| Urban population % | 70.7%86th/217 · 2025 | 26.2%203rd/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 0–14 % | 15.3%175th/217 · 2025 | 35.9%50th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 65+ % | 21.8%21st/217 · 2025 | 4.1%165th/217 · 2025 |
| Economy | ||
| GDP USD | $47.03 bn102nd/210 · 2025 | $17.66 bn139th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP (PPP) intl. USD | $71.20 bn118th/199 · 2025 | $63.89 bn124th/199 · 2025 |
| Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) intl. USD 2021 | $56.85 bn120th/199 · 2025 | $54.60 bn123rd/199 · 2025 |
| GDP per person USD | $34,41851st/210 · 2025 | $1,637180th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP per person (PPP) intl. USD | $52,10649th/199 · 2025 | $5,923161st/199 · 2025 |
| GNI per person (Atlas) USD | $32,31046th/201 · 2025 | $2,080164th/201 · 2025 |
| GDP growth % | 0.6%185th/210 · 2025 | 8.4%9th/210 · 2025 |
| Inflation % | 4.8%137th/180 · 2025 | 3.4%100th/180 · 2025 |
| Unemployment % | 8.3%135th/187 · 2025 | 6.9%126th/187 · 2025 |
| Central government debt % of GDP | — | 79.8%2001 |
| General government gross debt % of GDP | 24.0%22nd/189 · 2025 | 18.6%17th/189 · 2025 |
| Government budget balance % of GDP | -2.0%77th/192 · 2025 | 0.5%33rd/192 · 2025 |
| Main industries | ||
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing % of GDP | 1.6%152nd/197 · 2025 | 23.1%26th/197 · 2024 |
| Industry incl. construction % of GDP | 19.7%128th/200 · 2025 | 32.4%43rd/200 · 2024 |
| Manufacturing % of GDP | 10.8%90th/192 · 2025 | 13.2%58th/192 · 2024 |
| Services % of GDP | 65.8%51st/200 · 2025 | 36.5%192nd/200 · 2024 |
| Trade | ||
| Exports of goods & services USD | $36.85 bn76th/182 · 2025 | $1.62 bn152nd/182 · 2024 |
| Imports of goods & services USD | $36.40 bn73rd/182 · 2025 | $6.91 bn129th/182 · 2024 |
| Exports % of GDP | 78.4%19th/183 · 2025 | 11.2%171st/183 · 2024 |
| Imports % of GDP | 77.4%25th/183 · 2025 | 47.9%85th/183 · 2024 |
| Trade openness % of GDP | 155.8%18th/183 · 2025 | 59.1%130th/183 · 2024 |
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 7.6%61st/170 · 2025 | 8.0%59th/170 · 2023 |
| Manufactures exports % of merchandise exports | 65.1%47th/171 · 2025 | 17.8%109th/171 · 2023 |
| Food exports % of merchandise exports | 12.5%103rd/171 · 2025 | 5.2%139th/171 · 2023 |
| Ores & metals exports % of merchandise exports | 1.8%110th/171 · 2025 | 52.8%6th/171 · 2023 |
| High-tech exports % of manufactured exports | 18.4%37th/168 · 2024 | 15.2%47th/168 · 2023 |
| Current account balance % of GDP | 0.3%73rd/191 · 2025 | 17.2%8th/191 · 2025 |
| Foreign direct investment, inflows % of GDP | -2.2%189th/196 · 2025 | 0.5%158th/196 · 2025 |
| Natural resources | ||
| Natural resource rents % of GDP | 1.7%102nd/209 · 2021 | 9.0%49th/209 · 2021 |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 0.96%45th/197 · 2021 | 0.29%64th/197 · 2021 |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 0.00%100th/197 · 2021 | 0.17%56th/197 · 2021 |
| Coal rents % of GDP | 0.00%68th/195 · 2021 | 0.49%14th/195 · 2021 |
| Mineral rents % of GDP | 0.00%91st/209 · 2021 | 7.09%16th/209 · 2021 |
| Forest rents % of GDP | 0.76%61st/209 · 2021 | 1.01%55th/209 · 2021 |
| Arable land % of land area | 16.5%66th/206 · 2024 | 6.1%128th/206 · 2024 |
| Renewable freshwater per person m³ | 9,42348th/183 · 2022 | 6,23261st/183 · 2022 |
| Tourism | ||
| International tourist arrivals arrivals | 1.7 m76th/194 · 2020 | 1.0 m96th/194 · 2018 |
| Tourism receipts USD | $865.0 m79th/175 · 2020 | $102.4 m142nd/175 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts % of exports | 4.0%92nd/168 · 2020 | 7.3%72nd/168 · 2020 |
| Outbound trips departures | 558,00075th/107 · 2020 | 31,000102nd/107 · 2018 |
| Society & health | ||
| Life expectancy years | 79.356th/217 · 2024 | 71.9138th/217 · 2024 |
| Under-5 mortality per 1,000 births | 2.02nd/196 · 2024 | 28.1136th/196 · 2024 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people | 3.4746th/174 · 2022 | 1.8785th/174 · 2023 |
| Hospital beds per 1,000 people | 4.133rd/145 · 2023 | 4.036th/145 · 2023 |
| DPT immunization % of children 12–23 months | 81%142nd/193 · 2024 | 97%29th/193 · 2024 |
| Completed lower secondary, 25+ % of adults | 98.7%11th/153 · 2023 | 89.1%50th/153 · 2023 |
| Secondary enrolment % gross | 108.5%28th/173 · 2024 | 86.9%113th/173 · 2024 |
| Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) % of population | — | 39.3%2011 |
| Old-age dependency ratio % of working-age population | 34.6%21st/217 · 2025 | 6.8%164th/217 · 2025 |
| Health spending % of GDP | 7.8%65th/193 · 2024 | 7.4%76th/193 · 2023 |
| Adult literacy % | 99.9%2011 | 99.7%2009 |
| Tertiary enrolment % gross | 65.7%55th/150 · 2024 | 35.6%102nd/150 · 2024 |
| Human Development Index index 0–1 | 0.90536th/193 · 2023 | 0.691128th/193 · 2023 |
| Income inequality (Gini) index | 30.728th/108 · 2023 | 36.167th/108 · 2024 |
| Extreme poverty % of population | 0.3%23rd/108 · 2023 | 6.1%80th/108 · 2024 |
| Infrastructure & digital | ||
| Access to electricity % of population | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 | 99.9%123rd/215 · 2024 |
| Safely managed drinking water % of population | 98.9%30th/150 · 2024 | 65.1%95th/150 · 2024 |
| Safely managed sanitation % of population | 90.6%35th/144 · 2024 | — |
| Internet users % of population | 92.2%43rd/186 · 2024 | 55.8%144th/186 · 2024 |
| Mobile subscriptions per 100 people | 15131st/210 · 2024 | 76170th/210 · 2023 |
| Fixed broadband per 100 people | 35.443rd/208 · 2024 | 1.0169th/208 · 2023 |
| Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) score 1–5 | 3.5038th/164 · 2022 | 2.5085th/164 · 2022 |
| Rail lines route-km | 1,03365th/82 · 2017 | 62076th/82 · 2021 |
| Air passengers carried passengers | 857160th/161 · 2019 | 690,677110th/161 · 2023 |
| Environment & energy | ||
| CO₂ emissions per person t CO₂e | 7.76175th/203 · 2024 | 0.9261st/203 · 2024 |
| Renewable energy % of final energy use | 38.0%64th/212 · 2021 | 34.9%69th/212 · 2021 |
| Air pollution (PM2.5) µg/m³ | 5.919th/200 · 2023 | 33.3164th/200 · 2023 |
| Forest area % of land area | 57.2%40th/214 · 2024 | 3.1%185th/214 · 2024 |
| Energy use per person kg oil eq. | 3,09833rd/149 · 2024 | 420127th/149 · 2024 |
| Institutions & safety | ||
| Government effectiveness score 0–100 | 83.020th/205 · 2025 | 38.3156th/205 · 2025 |
| Control of corruption score 0–100 | 81.114th/207 · 2025 | 22.8184th/207 · 2025 |
| Rule of law score 0–100 | 82.322nd/207 · 2025 | 38.5182nd/207 · 2025 |
| Political stability score 0–100 | 81.250th/207 · 2025 | 60.4135th/207 · 2025 |
| Regulatory quality score 0–100 | 79.118th/205 · 2025 | 41.7165th/205 · 2025 |
| Voice & accountability score 0–100 | 82.417th/205 · 2025 | 25.6196th/205 · 2025 |
| Homicide rate per 100,000 | 1.560th/145 · 2023 | 0.936th/145 · 2020 |
| Military | ||
| Military expenditure USD | $1.58 bn70th/156 · 2025 | $246.9 m119th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of GDP | 3.4%20th/156 · 2025 | 1.5%89th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of government spending | 7.5%44th/154 · 2025 | 4.7%86th/154 · 2025 |
| Armed forces personnel people | 7,000142nd/170 · 2020 | 17,000112th/170 · 2020 |
| Armed forces personnel % of labour force | 1.00%69th/168 · 2020 | 0.75%91st/168 · 2020 |
| Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 204.0 m38th/163 · 2025 | 75.0 m55th/163 · 2025 |
| Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 2.0 m56th/65 · 2024 | — |
| Science & innovation | ||
| R&D spending % of GDP | 1.84%21st/110 · 2023 | 0.09%101st/110 · 2020 |
| Patent applications by residents applications | 2787th/137 · 2024 | 12019 |
| Scientific articles articles | 1,75474th/197 · 2023 | 158132nd/197 · 2023 |
Questions and answers
Which has more people, Estonia or Tajikistan?
Tajikistan has the larger population: 10.8 m (2025) compared with 1.4 m for Estonia (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.
Which is bigger by area, Estonia or Tajikistan?
Tajikistan is larger: 141,379 km² (2024) compared with 45,340 km² for Estonia (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.
Which economy is larger, Estonia or Tajikistan?
Estonia has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $71.20 bn intl. (2025) compared with $63.89 bn intl. for Tajikistan (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.
Which is richer per person, Estonia or Tajikistan?
Estonia has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $52,106 intl. (2025) compared with $5,923 intl. for Tajikistan (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.
Where do people live longer, in Estonia or Tajikistan?
Estonia has the higher life expectancy at birth: 79.3 years (2024) compared with 71.9 years for Tajikistan (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.
Which spends more on the military, Estonia or Tajikistan?
Estonia spends more on the military: $1.58 bn (2025) compared with $246.9 m for Tajikistan (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.
Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Estonia or Tajikistan?
Estonia: 65.1 points (45th in the world); Tajikistan: 39.4 points (131st). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.
Albania
Armenia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Cyprus
Kyrgyzstan
Latvia
Moldova
North MacedoniaSources
World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Estonia vs Tajikistan — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/estonia-vs-tajikistan. Data as of 26 October 2026.