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Peru · data for latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Countries / Peru
2025
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Peru

Latin America & Caribbean Capital Lima Upper middle income Nation age 205 years (since 1821) i PER · PE
NationsTree Index 2025 i47.796th of 196 Tree height 2025 i15 msee ranking Military strength i70percentile
Population i34.6 m48th of 217 Area i1,285,216 km²19th of 216 GDP i$334.85 bn47th of 210 GDP (PPP) i$650.60 bn intl.47th of 199 GDP per person (PPP) i$18,816 intl.111th of 199 Life expectancy i77.9 years73rd of 217
Index pillars
Foundations · roots i42
Strength · trunk i63
Quality of life · crown i54
Problems (higher = fewer) · dry branches i38
Direction (5-year change) · new shoots i36
CSV

In short

Peru is 96th of 196 countries in the NationsTree Index, with a score of 47.7 out of 100; its tree is 15 m tall.

It has 34.6 million people and an economy of $650.60 bn at purchasing power parity, 47th of 199 in the world.

Its strongest positions: Renewable freshwater per person (11th of 183), Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) (9th of 55) and Secondary enrolment (30th of 173).

Its weakest positions: Income inequality (Gini) (88th of 108), R&D spending (88th of 110) and Homicide rate (113th of 145).

Over five years it fell from 81st to 96th in the index.

All data

Data as of 26 October 2026

Latest available value for each indicator, with its year. World rank is among countries with recent data (last 5 years of the series).

Land & people

65
Surface area ikm² 1,285,216 19th/216
Land area ikm² 1,280,000 19th/216
Population ipeople 34.6 m 48th/217
Population growth i% 1.04% 99th/217
Population density ipeople/km² 26.7 178th/216
Urban population i% 85.6% 46th/217
Population aged 0–14 i% 23.6% 106th/217
Population aged 65+ i% 9.5% 105th/217

Economy

64
GDP iUSD $334.85 bn 47th/210
GDP (PPP) iintl. USD $650.60 bn 47th/199
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) iintl. USD 2021 $555.96 bn 46th/199
GDP per person iUSD $9,684 106th/210
GDP per person (PPP) iintl. USD $18,816 111th/199
GNI per person (Atlas) iUSD $8,430 100th/201
GDP growth i% 3.4% 101st/210
Inflation i% 1.5% 49th/180
Unemployment i% 5.1% 93rd/187
Central government debt i% of GDP 35.2% 11th/55
General government gross debt i% of GDP 30.1% 34th/189
Government budget balance i% of GDP -2.4% 88th/192

Main industries

57
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i% of GDP 7.5% 88th/197
Industry incl. construction i% of GDP 34.3% 37th/200
Manufacturing i% of GDP 12.2% 77th/192
Services i% of GDP 50.9% 141st/200

Trade

53
Exports of goods & services iUSD $100.36 bn 49th/182
Imports of goods & services iUSD $73.15 bn 56th/182
Exports i% of GDP 30.0% 112th/183
Imports i% of GDP 21.8% 162nd/183
Trade openness i% of GDP 51.8% 139th/183
Fuel exports i% of merchandise exports 5.7% 70th/170
Manufactures exports i% of merchandise exports 7.4% 140th/171
Food exports i% of merchandise exports 21.2% 72nd/171
Ores & metals exports i% of merchandise exports 47.8% 7th/171
High-tech exports i% of manufactured exports 5.2% 98th/168
Current account balance i% of GDP 3.5% 47th/191
Foreign direct investment, inflows i% of GDP 3.1% 69th/196

Natural resources

69
Natural resource rents i% of GDP 12.7% 40th/209
Oil rents i% of GDP 0.25% 70th/197
Natural gas rents i% of GDP 0.26% 50th/197
Coal rents i% of GDP 0.00% 58th/195
Mineral rents i% of GDP 12.10% 9th/209
Forest rents i% of GDP 0.12% 110th/209
Arable land i% of land area 3.1% 156th/206
Renewable freshwater per person im³ 49,021 11th/183

Tourism

44
International tourist arrivals iarrivals 1.1 m 92nd/194
Tourism receipts iUSD $1.00 bn 75th/175
Tourism receipts i% of exports 2.2% 126th/168
Outbound trips idepartures 791,000 66th/107

Society & health

50
Life expectancy iyears 77.9 73rd/217
Under-5 mortality iper 1,000 births 12.9 89th/196
Physicians iper 1,000 people 1.69 88th/174
Hospital beds iper 1,000 people 1.6 100th/145
DPT immunization i% of children 12–23 months 80% 145th/193
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i% of adults 63.7% 94th/153
Secondary enrolment i% gross 108.3% 30th/173
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i% of population 83.4% 9th/55
Old-age dependency ratio i% of working-age population 14.1% 102nd/217
Health spending i% of GDP 5.6% 114th/193
Adult literacy i% 93.7% 44th/98
Tertiary enrolment i% gross 71.2%2017
Human Development Index iindex 0–1 0.794 79th/193
Income inequality (Gini) iindex 40.1 88th/108
Extreme poverty i% of population 5.1% 75th/108

Infrastructure & digital

49
Access to electricity i% of population 96.5% 147th/215
Safely managed drinking water i% of population 49.4% 107th/150
Safely managed sanitation i% of population 56.5% 78th/144
Internet users i% of population 82.0% 96th/186
Mobile subscriptions iper 100 people 125 77th/210
Fixed broadband iper 100 people 11.7 114th/208
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) iscore 1–5 2.50 85th/164
Rail lines iroute-km 1,6391998
Air passengers carried ipassengers 17.7 m 39th/161

Environment & energy

50
CO₂ emissions per person it CO₂e 2.02 90th/203
Renewable energy i% of final energy use 30.6% 79th/212
Air pollution (PM2.5) iµg/m³ 31.1 154th/200
Forest area i% of land area 52.7% 51st/214
Energy use per person ikg oil eq. 840 100th/149

Institutions & safety

36
Government effectiveness iscore 0–100 49.4 119th/205
Control of corruption iscore 0–100 32.8 152nd/207
Rule of law iscore 0–100 47.8 146th/207
Political stability iscore 0–100 56.9 154th/207
Regulatory quality iscore 0–100 57.5 84th/205
Voice & accountability iscore 0–100 56.7 105th/205
Homicide rate iper 100,000 8.6 113th/145

Military

51
Military expenditure iUSD $2.60 bn 60th/156
Military expenditure i% of GDP 0.8% 128th/156
Military expenditure i% of government spending 3.7% 120th/154
Armed forces personnel ipeople 158,000 38th/170
Armed forces personnel i% of labour force 0.94% 73rd/168
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 90.0 m 50th/163
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 5.0 m2004

Science & innovation

49
R&D spending i% of GDP 0.18% 88th/110
Patent applications by residents iapplications 214 61st/137
Scientific articles iarticles 5,242 59th/197

Compare Peru with

ArgentinaChileColombiaDominican RepublicVenezuela

Sources

Figures on this page come from: World Bank — World Development Indicators, International Monetary Fund — World Economic Outlook (DataMapper), Global Change Data Lab (Our World in Data) — Our World in Data, World Bank — Worldwide Governance Indicators . Nation age: Wikidata P571 (inception) (source). Every value is stored with its year and source series; see Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Peru — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/peru. Data as of 26 October 2026.

All figures come from official statistics published by public institutions (World Bank WDI and WGI, compiling UN agencies, IMF, WHO and national statistical offices). Each value carries its year; ranks are positions among countries with data.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Peru — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/peru. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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