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Peru vs Venezuela
Side-by-side comparison of Peru and Venezuela from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.
Peru
Latin America & Caribbean · nation age 205 years
Venezuela
Latin America & Caribbean · nation age 215 years
In short
Peru scores 47.7 in the NationsTree Index (96th in the world) and Venezuela scores 38.0 (136th), a gap of 9.8 points. Their trees are 15 m and 6.0 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.
Peru has 21% more people than Venezuela. Peru has 41% more land area than Venezuela. Peru and Venezuela have economies of similar size (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Peru 34.6 million and Venezuela 28.5 million (2025).
GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $21,283 in Venezuela and $18,816 in Peru (2025, international dollars). People in Peru live on average 5.3 years longer (77.9 vs 72.7 years).
Of 27 indicators reported by both countries, Peru ranks higher in the world on 23 and Venezuela on 4. Peru is clearly stronger in trade, institutions & safety and economy. Venezuela is clearly stronger in military.
As a nation, Venezuela is the older of the two (statehood since 1811, 215 years), compared with Peru (since 1821). Over the last five years Venezuela improved faster (direction score 67 vs 36 out of 100).
Where they differ most
The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Peru and Venezuela.
Peru
96.5%
147th of 215
Venezuelabetter
100.0%
1st of 215
Regulatory qualityInstitutions & safety
Perubetter
57.5
84th of 205
Venezuela
21.3
203rd of 205
Voice & accountabilityInstitutions & safety
Perubetter
56.7
105th of 205
Venezuela
25.7
195th of 205
GDP growthEconomy
Perubetter
3.4%
101st of 210
Venezuela
1.6%
159th of 210
Government budget balanceEconomy
Perubetter
-2.4%
88th of 192
Venezuela
-4.5%
141st of 192
Over time
How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.
Peru overtook Venezuela in the NationsTree Index and population in 2016 and has stayed ahead since.
Peru overtook Venezuela in life expectancy in 2011 and has stayed ahead since.
Venezuela has been ahead of Peru in GDP per person (PPP) and GDP (PPP) in every year since 1990.
Strength by category
Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i
PeruVenezuela All indicators
Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.
| Indicator | Peru | Venezuela |
|---|---|---|
| Land & people | ||
| Surface area km² | 1,285,21619th/216 · 2024 | 912,05032nd/216 · 2024 |
| Land area km² | 1,280,00019th/216 · 2024 | 882,05032nd/216 · 2024 |
| Population people | 34.6 m48th/217 · 2025 | 28.5 m53rd/217 · 2025 |
| Population growth % | 1.04%99th/217 · 2025 | 0.39%148th/217 · 2025 |
| Population density people/km² | 26.7178th/216 · 2024 | 32.2168th/216 · 2024 |
| Urban population % | 85.6%46th/217 · 2025 | 89.3%33rd/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 0–14 % | 23.6%106th/217 · 2025 | 24.9%95th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 65+ % | 9.5%105th/217 · 2025 | 10.0%99th/217 · 2025 |
| Economy | ||
| GDP USD | $334.85 bn47th/210 · 2025 | $99.66 bn78th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP (PPP) intl. USD | $650.60 bn47th/199 · 2025 | $621.14 bn2011 |
| Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) intl. USD 2021 | $555.96 bn46th/199 · 2025 | — |
| GDP per person USD | $9,684106th/210 · 2025 | $3,495155th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP per person (PPP) intl. USD | $18,816111th/199 · 2025 | $21,2832011 |
| GNI per person (Atlas) USD | $8,430100th/201 · 2025 | $3,860142nd/201 · 2025 |
| GDP growth % | 3.4%101st/210 · 2025 | 1.6%159th/210 · 2025 |
| Inflation % | 1.5%49th/180 · 2025 | 254.9%2016 |
| Unemployment % | 5.1%93rd/187 · 2025 | 5.3%97th/187 · 2025 |
| Central government debt % of GDP | 35.2%11th/55 · 2021 | — |
| General government gross debt % of GDP | 30.1%34th/189 · 2025 | — |
| Government budget balance % of GDP | -2.4%88th/192 · 2025 | -4.5%141st/192 · 2025 |
| Main industries | ||
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing % of GDP | 7.5%88th/197 · 2024 | 0.0%2011 |
| Industry incl. construction % of GDP | 34.3%37th/200 · 2024 | 0.0%2011 |
| Manufacturing % of GDP | 12.2%77th/192 · 2024 | 0.0%2011 |
| Services % of GDP | 50.9%141st/200 · 2024 | 0.0%2011 |
| Trade | ||
| Exports of goods & services USD | $100.36 bn49th/182 · 2025 | $14.85 bn98th/182 · 2025 |
| Imports of goods & services USD | $73.15 bn56th/182 · 2025 | $10.07 bn118th/182 · 2025 |
| Exports % of GDP | 30.0%112th/183 · 2025 | 14.9%163rd/183 · 2025 |
| Imports % of GDP | 21.8%162nd/183 · 2025 | 10.1%182nd/183 · 2025 |
| Trade openness % of GDP | 51.8%139th/183 · 2025 | 25.0%181st/183 · 2025 |
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 5.7%70th/170 · 2024 | 97.7%2013 |
| Manufactures exports % of merchandise exports | 7.4%140th/171 · 2024 | 1.8%2013 |
| Food exports % of merchandise exports | 21.2%72nd/171 · 2024 | 0.0%2013 |
| Ores & metals exports % of merchandise exports | 47.8%7th/171 · 2024 | 0.4%2013 |
| High-tech exports % of manufactured exports | 5.2%98th/168 · 2024 | — |
| Current account balance % of GDP | 3.5%47th/191 · 2025 | 0.6%71st/191 · 2025 |
| Foreign direct investment, inflows % of GDP | 3.1%69th/196 · 2025 | -0.5%184th/196 · 2025 |
| Natural resources | ||
| Natural resource rents % of GDP | 12.7%40th/209 · 2021 | 11.8%2014 |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 0.25%70th/197 · 2021 | 11.30%2014 |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 0.26%50th/197 · 2021 | 0.38%2014 |
| Coal rents % of GDP | 0.00%58th/195 · 2021 | 0.01%2014 |
| Mineral rents % of GDP | 12.10%9th/209 · 2021 | 0.11%2014 |
| Forest rents % of GDP | 0.12%110th/209 · 2021 | 0.05%2014 |
| Arable land % of land area | 3.1%156th/206 · 2024 | 2.9%157th/206 · 2024 |
| Renewable freshwater per person m³ | 49,02111th/183 · 2022 | 28,53321st/183 · 2022 |
| Tourism | ||
| International tourist arrivals arrivals | 1.1 m92nd/194 · 2020 | 429,000131st/194 · 2017 |
| Tourism receipts USD | $1.00 bn75th/175 · 2020 | $546.0 m94th/175 · 2016 |
| Tourism receipts % of exports | 2.2%126th/168 · 2020 | 1.8%133rd/168 · 2016 |
| Outbound trips departures | 791,00066th/107 · 2020 | 1.1 m64th/107 · 2017 |
| Society & health | ||
| Life expectancy years | 77.973rd/217 · 2024 | 72.7129th/217 · 2024 |
| Under-5 mortality per 1,000 births | 12.989th/196 · 2024 | 24.2130th/196 · 2024 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people | 1.6988th/174 · 2023 | 1.662017 |
| Hospital beds per 1,000 people | 1.6100th/145 · 2023 | 1.0119th/145 · 2020 |
| DPT immunization % of children 12–23 months | 80%145th/193 · 2024 | 62%182nd/193 · 2024 |
| Completed lower secondary, 25+ % of adults | 63.7%94th/153 · 2024 | 70.9%2017 |
| Secondary enrolment % gross | 108.3%30th/173 · 2024 | 97.8%69th/173 · 2024 |
| Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) % of population | 83.4%9th/55 · 2022 | 14.5%2006 |
| Old-age dependency ratio % of working-age population | 14.1%102nd/217 · 2025 | 15.4%96th/217 · 2025 |
| Health spending % of GDP | 5.6%114th/193 · 2023 | 3.8%159th/193 · 2023 |
| Adult literacy % | 93.7%44th/98 · 2024 | 97.2%2017 |
| Tertiary enrolment % gross | 71.2%2017 | 78.3%2009 |
| Human Development Index index 0–1 | 0.79479th/193 · 2023 | 0.709121st/193 · 2023 |
| Income inequality (Gini) index | 40.188th/108 · 2024 | 44.72006 |
| Extreme poverty % of population | 5.1%75th/108 · 2024 | 9.7%2006 |
| Infrastructure & digital | ||
| Access to electricity % of population | 96.5%147th/215 · 2024 | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 |
| Safely managed drinking water % of population | 49.4%107th/150 · 2024 | — |
| Safely managed sanitation % of population | 56.5%78th/144 · 2024 | 26.0%116th/144 · 2024 |
| Internet users % of population | 82.0%96th/186 · 2024 | 76.7%110th/186 · 2024 |
| Mobile subscriptions per 100 people | 12577th/210 · 2024 | 71176th/210 · 2024 |
| Fixed broadband per 100 people | 11.7114th/208 · 2024 | 12.9106th/208 · 2024 |
| Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) score 1–5 | 2.5085th/164 · 2022 | 2.4096th/164 · 2022 |
| Rail lines route-km | 1,6391998 | 3362006 |
| Air passengers carried passengers | 17.7 m39th/161 · 2023 | 1.8 m84th/161 · 2023 |
| Environment & energy | ||
| CO₂ emissions per person t CO₂e | 2.0290th/203 · 2024 | 3.39116th/203 · 2024 |
| Renewable energy % of final energy use | 30.6%79th/212 · 2021 | 33.7%74th/212 · 2021 |
| Air pollution (PM2.5) µg/m³ | 31.1154th/200 · 2023 | 19.2110th/200 · 2023 |
| Forest area % of land area | 52.7%51st/214 · 2024 | 53.4%47th/214 · 2024 |
| Energy use per person kg oil eq. | 840100th/149 · 2024 | 1,45777th/149 · 2024 |
| Institutions & safety | ||
| Government effectiveness score 0–100 | 49.4119th/205 · 2025 | 23.8192nd/205 · 2025 |
| Control of corruption score 0–100 | 32.8152nd/207 · 2025 | 16.9200th/207 · 2025 |
| Rule of law score 0–100 | 47.8146th/207 · 2025 | 22.4207th/207 · 2025 |
| Political stability score 0–100 | 56.9154th/207 · 2025 | 39.2185th/207 · 2025 |
| Regulatory quality score 0–100 | 57.584th/205 · 2025 | 21.3203rd/205 · 2025 |
| Voice & accountability score 0–100 | 56.7105th/205 · 2025 | 25.7195th/205 · 2025 |
| Homicide rate per 100,000 | 8.6113th/145 · 2021 | 12.6123rd/145 · 2022 |
| Military | ||
| Military expenditure USD | $2.60 bn60th/156 · 2025 | $2.13 bn2017 |
| Military expenditure % of GDP | 0.8%128th/156 · 2025 | 2.2%2017 |
| Military expenditure % of government spending | 3.7%120th/154 · 2025 | — |
| Armed forces personnel people | 158,00038th/170 · 2020 | 343,00018th/170 · 2020 |
| Armed forces personnel % of labour force | 0.94%73rd/168 · 2020 | 3.47%13th/168 · 2020 |
| Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 90.0 m50th/163 · 2025 | 98.0 m49th/163 · 2023 |
| Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 5.0 m2004 | 40.0 m2009 |
| Science & innovation | ||
| R&D spending % of GDP | 0.18%88th/110 · 2023 | 0.34%2014 |
| Patent applications by residents applications | 21461st/137 · 2024 | 6379th/137 · 2024 |
| Scientific articles articles | 5,24259th/197 · 2023 | 475103rd/197 · 2023 |
Questions and answers
Which has more people, Peru or Venezuela?
Peru has the larger population: 34.6 m (2025) compared with 28.5 m for Venezuela (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.
Which is bigger by area, Peru or Venezuela?
Peru is larger: 1,285,216 km² (2024) compared with 912,050 km² for Venezuela (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.
Which economy is larger, Peru or Venezuela?
Peru has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $650.60 bn intl. (2025) compared with $621.14 bn intl. for Venezuela (2011). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.
Which is richer per person, Peru or Venezuela?
Venezuela has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $21,283 intl. (2011) compared with $18,816 intl. for Peru (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.
Where do people live longer, in Peru or Venezuela?
Peru has the higher life expectancy at birth: 77.9 years (2024) compared with 72.7 years for Venezuela (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.
Which spends more on the military, Peru or Venezuela?
Peru spends more on the military: $2.60 bn (2025) compared with $2.13 bn for Venezuela (2017). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.
Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Peru or Venezuela?
Peru: 47.7 points (96th in the world); Venezuela: 38.0 points (136th). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.
Argentina
Chile
Colombia
Dominican RepublicSources
World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Peru vs Venezuela — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/peru-vs-venezuela. Data as of 26 October 2026.