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Chile vs Peru
Side-by-side comparison of Chile and Peru from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.
Chile
Latin America & Caribbean · nation age 216 years
Peru
Latin America & Caribbean · nation age 205 years
In short
Chile scores 64.1 in the NationsTree Index (50th in the world) and Peru scores 47.7 (96th), a gap of 16.4 points. Their trees are 17 m and 15 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.
Peru has 74% more people than Chile. Peru has 70% more land area than Chile. The economy of Chile is 15% larger than that of Peru (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Chile 19.9 million and Peru 34.6 million (2025).
GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $37,774 in Chile and $18,816 in Peru (2025, international dollars). People in Chile live on average 3.4 years longer (81.4 vs 77.9 years).
Of 38 indicators reported by both countries, Chile ranks higher in the world on 28 and Peru on 10. Chile is clearly stronger in institutions & safety, society & health and infrastructure & digital.
As a nation, Chile is the older of the two (statehood since 1810, 216 years), compared with Peru (since 1821). Over the last five years Chile improved faster (direction score 37 vs 36 out of 100).
Where they differ most
The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Chile and Peru.
Chilebetter
70.2
35th of 207
Peru
32.8
152nd of 207
Safely managed drinking waterInfrastructure & digital
Chilebetter
97.8%
38th of 150
Peru
49.4%
107th of 150
Rule of lawInstitutions & safety
Chilebetter
69.8
52nd of 207
Peru
47.8
146th of 207
DPT immunizationSociety & health
Chilebetter
95%
59th of 193
Peru
80%
145th of 193
InflationEconomy
Chile
4.2%
129th of 180
Perubetter
1.5%
49th of 180
Over time
How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.
Chile overtook Peru in GDP (PPP) in 1996 and has stayed ahead since.
Chile has been ahead of Peru in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1996.
Chile has been ahead of Peru in GDP per person (PPP) and life expectancy in every year since 1990.
Peru has been ahead of Chile in population in every year since 1990.
Strength by category
Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i
ChilePeru All indicators
Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.
| Indicator | Chile | Peru |
|---|---|---|
| Land & people | ||
| Surface area km² | 756,55637th/216 · 2024 | 1,285,21619th/216 · 2024 |
| Land area km² | 742,03238th/216 · 2024 | 1,280,00019th/216 · 2024 |
| Population people | 19.9 m65th/217 · 2025 | 34.6 m48th/217 · 2025 |
| Population growth % | 0.48%136th/217 · 2025 | 1.04%99th/217 · 2025 |
| Population density people/km² | 26.6179th/216 · 2024 | 26.7178th/216 · 2024 |
| Urban population % | 89.2%34th/217 · 2025 | 85.6%46th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 0–14 % | 16.5%158th/217 · 2025 | 23.6%106th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 65+ % | 14.6%69th/217 · 2025 | 9.5%105th/217 · 2025 |
| Economy | ||
| GDP USD | $357.37 bn45th/210 · 2025 | $334.85 bn47th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP (PPP) intl. USD | $750.19 bn42nd/199 · 2025 | $650.60 bn47th/199 · 2025 |
| Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) intl. USD 2021 | $612.95 bn42nd/199 · 2025 | $555.96 bn46th/199 · 2025 |
| GDP per person USD | $17,99583rd/210 · 2025 | $9,684106th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP per person (PPP) intl. USD | $37,77468th/199 · 2025 | $18,816111th/199 · 2025 |
| GNI per person (Atlas) USD | $16,96074th/201 · 2025 | $8,430100th/201 · 2025 |
| GDP growth % | 2.5%133rd/210 · 2025 | 3.4%101st/210 · 2025 |
| Inflation % | 4.2%129th/180 · 2025 | 1.5%49th/180 · 2025 |
| Unemployment % | 9.0%142nd/187 · 2025 | 5.1%93rd/187 · 2025 |
| Central government debt % of GDP | 13.1%2000 | 35.2%11th/55 · 2021 |
| General government gross debt % of GDP | 41.5%65th/189 · 2025 | 30.1%34th/189 · 2025 |
| Government budget balance % of GDP | -2.8%99th/192 · 2025 | -2.4%88th/192 · 2025 |
| Main industries | ||
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing % of GDP | 3.5%120th/197 · 2025 | 7.5%88th/197 · 2024 |
| Industry incl. construction % of GDP | 31.4%48th/200 · 2025 | 34.3%37th/200 · 2024 |
| Manufacturing % of GDP | 9.0%113th/192 · 2025 | 12.2%77th/192 · 2024 |
| Services % of GDP | 55.5%117th/200 · 2025 | 50.9%141st/200 · 2024 |
| Trade | ||
| Exports of goods & services USD | $123.52 bn45th/182 · 2025 | $100.36 bn49th/182 · 2025 |
| Imports of goods & services USD | $108.72 bn48th/182 · 2025 | $73.15 bn56th/182 · 2025 |
| Exports % of GDP | 34.6%98th/183 · 2025 | 30.0%112th/183 · 2025 |
| Imports % of GDP | 30.4%131st/183 · 2025 | 21.8%162nd/183 · 2025 |
| Trade openness % of GDP | 65.0%119th/183 · 2025 | 51.8%139th/183 · 2025 |
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 0.9%122nd/170 · 2025 | 5.7%70th/170 · 2024 |
| Manufactures exports % of merchandise exports | 11.3%129th/171 · 2025 | 7.4%140th/171 · 2024 |
| Food exports % of merchandise exports | 21.9%67th/171 · 2025 | 21.2%72nd/171 · 2024 |
| Ores & metals exports % of merchandise exports | 58.6%4th/171 · 2025 | 47.8%7th/171 · 2024 |
| High-tech exports % of manufactured exports | 8.6%76th/168 · 2024 | 5.2%98th/168 · 2024 |
| Current account balance % of GDP | -1.2%95th/191 · 2025 | 3.5%47th/191 · 2025 |
| Foreign direct investment, inflows % of GDP | 4.1%53rd/196 · 2025 | 3.1%69th/196 · 2025 |
| Natural resources | ||
| Natural resource rents % of GDP | 16.9%31st/209 · 2021 | 12.7%40th/209 · 2021 |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 0.01%102nd/197 · 2021 | 0.25%70th/197 · 2021 |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 0.02%75th/197 · 2021 | 0.26%50th/197 · 2021 |
| Coal rents % of GDP | 0.00%66th/195 · 2021 | 0.00%58th/195 · 2021 |
| Mineral rents % of GDP | 16.23%5th/209 · 2021 | 12.10%9th/209 · 2021 |
| Forest rents % of GDP | 0.64%65th/209 · 2021 | 0.12%110th/209 · 2021 |
| Arable land % of land area | 1.9%172nd/206 · 2024 | 3.1%156th/206 · 2024 |
| Renewable freshwater per person m³ | 45,26212th/183 · 2022 | 49,02111th/183 · 2022 |
| Tourism | ||
| International tourist arrivals arrivals | 5.4 m34th/194 · 2019 | 1.1 m92nd/194 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts USD | $1.03 bn72nd/175 · 2020 | $1.00 bn75th/175 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts % of exports | 1.3%146th/168 · 2020 | 2.2%126th/168 · 2020 |
| Outbound trips departures | 4.1 m32nd/107 · 2019 | 791,00066th/107 · 2020 |
| Society & health | ||
| Life expectancy years | 81.443rd/217 · 2024 | 77.973rd/217 · 2024 |
| Under-5 mortality per 1,000 births | 6.854th/196 · 2024 | 12.989th/196 · 2024 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people | 3.3352nd/174 · 2023 | 1.6988th/174 · 2023 |
| Hospital beds per 1,000 people | 1.989th/145 · 2023 | 1.6100th/145 · 2023 |
| DPT immunization % of children 12–23 months | 95%59th/193 · 2024 | 80%145th/193 · 2024 |
| Completed lower secondary, 25+ % of adults | 87.8%56th/153 · 2024 | 63.7%94th/153 · 2024 |
| Secondary enrolment % gross | 105.6%37th/173 · 2024 | 108.3%30th/173 · 2024 |
| Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) % of population | 85.6%8th/55 · 2022 | 83.4%9th/55 · 2022 |
| Old-age dependency ratio % of working-age population | 21.2%71st/217 · 2025 | 14.1%102nd/217 · 2025 |
| Health spending % of GDP | 10.5%23rd/193 · 2024 | 5.6%114th/193 · 2023 |
| Adult literacy % | 96.4%2017 | 93.7%44th/98 · 2024 |
| Tertiary enrolment % gross | 110.2%7th/150 · 2024 | 71.2%2017 |
| Human Development Index index 0–1 | 0.87845th/193 · 2023 | 0.79479th/193 · 2023 |
| Income inequality (Gini) index | 43.095th/108 · 2024 | 40.188th/108 · 2024 |
| Extreme poverty % of population | 0.4%27th/108 · 2024 | 5.1%75th/108 · 2024 |
| Infrastructure & digital | ||
| Access to electricity % of population | 99.0%135th/215 · 2024 | 96.5%147th/215 · 2024 |
| Safely managed drinking water % of population | 97.8%38th/150 · 2024 | 49.4%107th/150 · 2024 |
| Safely managed sanitation % of population | 95.1%24th/144 · 2024 | 56.5%78th/144 · 2024 |
| Internet users % of population | 95.6%25th/186 · 2024 | 82.0%96th/186 · 2024 |
| Mobile subscriptions per 100 people | 13351st/210 · 2024 | 12577th/210 · 2024 |
| Fixed broadband per 100 people | 23.779th/208 · 2024 | 11.7114th/208 · 2024 |
| Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) score 1–5 | 2.8063rd/164 · 2022 | 2.5085th/164 · 2022 |
| Rail lines route-km | 2,39648th/82 · 2021 | 1,6391998 |
| Air passengers carried passengers | 21.3 m32nd/161 · 2023 | 17.7 m39th/161 · 2023 |
| Environment & energy | ||
| CO₂ emissions per person t CO₂e | 3.94130th/203 · 2024 | 2.0290th/203 · 2024 |
| Renewable energy % of final energy use | 24.2%94th/212 · 2021 | 30.6%79th/212 · 2021 |
| Air pollution (PM2.5) µg/m³ | 23.1134th/200 · 2023 | 31.1154th/200 · 2023 |
| Forest area % of land area | 24.5%120th/214 · 2024 | 52.7%51st/214 · 2024 |
| Energy use per person kg oil eq. | 2,06756th/149 · 2024 | 840100th/149 · 2024 |
| Institutions & safety | ||
| Government effectiveness score 0–100 | 73.738th/205 · 2025 | 49.4119th/205 · 2025 |
| Control of corruption score 0–100 | 70.235th/207 · 2025 | 32.8152nd/207 · 2025 |
| Rule of law score 0–100 | 69.852nd/207 · 2025 | 47.8146th/207 · 2025 |
| Political stability score 0–100 | 68.6102nd/207 · 2025 | 56.9154th/207 · 2025 |
| Regulatory quality score 0–100 | 66.448th/205 · 2025 | 57.584th/205 · 2025 |
| Voice & accountability score 0–100 | 76.738th/205 · 2025 | 56.7105th/205 · 2025 |
| Homicide rate per 100,000 | 6.3103rd/145 · 2023 | 8.6113th/145 · 2021 |
| Military | ||
| Military expenditure USD | $5.33 bn47th/156 · 2025 | $2.60 bn60th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of GDP | 1.5%88th/156 · 2025 | 0.8%128th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of government spending | 5.7%67th/154 · 2025 | 3.7%120th/154 · 2025 |
| Armed forces personnel people | 114,00051st/170 · 2020 | 158,00038th/170 · 2020 |
| Armed forces personnel % of labour force | 1.28%51st/168 · 2020 | 0.94%73rd/168 · 2020 |
| Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 14.0 m99th/163 · 2025 | 90.0 m50th/163 · 2025 |
| Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 8.0 m49th/65 · 2022 | 5.0 m2004 |
| Science & innovation | ||
| R&D spending % of GDP | 0.39%66th/110 · 2022 | 0.18%88th/110 · 2023 |
| Patent applications by residents applications | 39051st/137 · 2024 | 21461st/137 · 2024 |
| Scientific articles articles | 8,57348th/197 · 2023 | 5,24259th/197 · 2023 |
Questions and answers
Which has more people, Chile or Peru?
Peru has the larger population: 34.6 m (2025) compared with 19.9 m for Chile (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.
Which is bigger by area, Chile or Peru?
Peru is larger: 1,285,216 km² (2024) compared with 756,556 km² for Chile (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.
Which economy is larger, Chile or Peru?
Chile has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $750.19 bn intl. (2025) compared with $650.60 bn intl. for Peru (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.
Which is richer per person, Chile or Peru?
Chile has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $37,774 intl. (2025) compared with $18,816 intl. for Peru (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.
Where do people live longer, in Chile or Peru?
Chile has the higher life expectancy at birth: 81.4 years (2024) compared with 77.9 years for Peru (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.
Which spends more on the military, Chile or Peru?
Chile spends more on the military: $5.33 bn (2025) compared with $2.60 bn for Peru (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.
Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Chile or Peru?
Chile: 64.1 points (50th in the world); Peru: 47.7 points (96th). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.
Argentina
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Mexico
Venezuela
Dominican RepublicSources
World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Chile vs Peru — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/chile-vs-peru. Data as of 26 October 2026.