Saudi Arabia vs United States
Side-by-side comparison of Saudi Arabia and United States from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.
Saudi Arabia
Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan · nation age 299 years
United States
North America · nation age 250 years
In short
Saudi Arabia scores 76.5 in the NationsTree Index (15th in the world) and United States scores 72.3 (30th), a gap of 4.2 points. Their trees are 35 m and 115 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.
United States has 9.2 times the population of Saudi Arabia. United States is 4.6 times larger than Saudi Arabia by land area. United States has an economy 11 times the size of Saudi Arabia (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Saudi Arabia 37.0 million and United States 341.8 million (2025).
GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $90,027 in United States and $73,784 in Saudi Arabia (2025, international dollars). Life expectancy is almost the same: 79.0 and 78.9 years.
Of 34 indicators reported by both countries, Saudi Arabia ranks higher in the world on 14 and United States on 20. Saudi Arabia is clearly stronger in economy and main industries. United States is clearly stronger in environment & energy, science & innovation and natural resources.
As a nation, Saudi Arabia is the older of the two (statehood since 1727, 299 years), compared with United States (since 1776). Over the last five years Saudi Arabia improved faster (direction score 100 vs 24 out of 100).
Where they differ most
The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Saudi Arabia and United States.
Over time
How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.
Saudi Arabia overtook United States in life expectancy in 2023 and has stayed ahead since.
Saudi Arabia overtook United States in the NationsTree Index in 2022 and has stayed ahead since.
United States overtook Saudi Arabia in GDP per person (PPP) in 2015 and has stayed ahead since.
United States has been ahead of Saudi Arabia in GDP (PPP) and population in every year since 1990.
Strength by category
Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i
All indicators
Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.
| Indicator | ||
|---|---|---|
| Land & people | ||
| Surface area km² | 2,149,69012th/216 · 2024 | 9,831,5103rd/216 · 2024 |
| Land area km² | 2,149,69012th/216 · 2024 | 9,147,4203rd/216 · 2024 |
| Population people | 37.0 m43rd/217 · 2025 | 341.8 m3rd/217 · 2025 |
| Population growth % | 4.63%2nd/217 · 2025 | 0.52%134th/217 · 2025 |
| Population density people/km² | 16.4196th/216 · 2024 | 37.2166th/216 · 2024 |
| Urban population % | 84.6%47th/217 · 2025 | 80.2%57th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 0–14 % | 23.6%105th/217 · 2025 | 17.1%152nd/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 65+ % | 3.1%195th/217 · 2025 | 18.4%45th/217 · 2025 |
| Economy | ||
| GDP USD | $1.28 trn19th/210 · 2025 | $30.77 trn1st/210 · 2025 |
| GDP (PPP) intl. USD | $2.73 trn17th/199 · 2025 | $30.77 trn2nd/199 · 2025 |
| Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) intl. USD 2021 | $2.33 trn17th/199 · 2025 | $26.29 trn2nd/199 · 2025 |
| GDP per person USD | $34,53750th/210 · 2025 | $90,02711th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP per person (PPP) intl. USD | $73,78425th/199 · 2025 | $90,02712th/199 · 2025 |
| GNI per person (Atlas) USD | $36,07041st/201 · 2025 | $88,8106th/201 · 2025 |
| GDP growth % | 4.5%63rd/210 · 2025 | 2.2%139th/210 · 2025 |
| Inflation % | 2.0%59th/180 · 2025 | 2.9%87th/180 · 2024 |
| Unemployment % | 3.0%41st/187 · 2025 | 4.2%70th/187 · 2025 |
| Central government debt % of GDP | — | 115.8%53rd/55 · 2024 |
| General government gross debt % of GDP | 31.8%40th/189 · 2025 | 124.4%179th/189 · 2025 |
| Government budget balance % of GDP | -5.8%161st/192 · 2025 | -7.1%173rd/192 · 2025 |
| Main industries | ||
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing % of GDP | 2.6%138th/197 · 2025 | 0.9%172nd/197 · 2021 |
| Industry incl. construction % of GDP | 43.0%12th/200 · 2025 | 17.6%145th/200 · 2021 |
| Manufacturing % of GDP | 15.8%37th/192 · 2025 | 10.5%93rd/192 · 2021 |
| Services % of GDP | 48.9%149th/200 · 2025 | 76.3%16th/200 · 2021 |
| Trade | ||
| Exports of goods & services USD | $379.83 bn27th/182 · 2025 | $3.22 trn2nd/182 · 2024 |
| Imports of goods & services USD | $359.76 bn27th/182 · 2025 | $4.11 trn1st/182 · 2024 |
| Exports % of GDP | 29.7%114th/183 · 2025 | 11.0%173rd/183 · 2024 |
| Imports % of GDP | 28.2%142nd/183 · 2025 | 14.0%179th/183 · 2024 |
| Trade openness % of GDP | 57.9%131st/183 · 2025 | 25.0%180th/183 · 2024 |
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 78.7%11th/170 · 2025 | 17.3%38th/170 · 2025 |
| Manufactures exports % of merchandise exports | 16.7%113th/171 · 2025 | 54.9%63rd/171 · 2025 |
| Food exports % of merchandise exports | 2.2%152nd/171 · 2025 | 9.0%118th/171 · 2025 |
| Ores & metals exports % of merchandise exports | 1.2%127th/171 · 2025 | 3.0%87th/171 · 2025 |
| High-tech exports % of manufactured exports | 0.5%154th/168 · 2024 | 24.3%23rd/168 · 2024 |
| Current account balance % of GDP | -2.6%107th/191 · 2025 | -3.8%127th/191 · 2025 |
| Foreign direct investment, inflows % of GDP | 2.6%81st/196 · 2025 | 1.0%145th/196 · 2025 |
| Natural resources | ||
| Natural resource rents % of GDP | 25.6%17th/209 · 2021 | 1.3%110th/209 · 2021 |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 23.69%6th/197 · 2021 | 0.61%53rd/197 · 2021 |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 1.72%26th/197 · 2021 | 0.36%43rd/197 · 2021 |
| Coal rents % of GDP | 0.00%68th/195 · 2021 | 0.17%25th/195 · 2021 |
| Mineral rents % of GDP | 0.16%65th/209 · 2021 | 0.10%70th/209 · 2021 |
| Forest rents % of GDP | 0.00%170th/209 · 2021 | 0.04%133rd/209 · 2021 |
| Arable land % of land area | 2.0%169th/206 · 2024 | 16.6%65th/206 · 2024 |
| Renewable freshwater per person m³ | 75175th/183 · 2022 | 8,43754th/183 · 2022 |
| Tourism | ||
| International tourist arrivals arrivals | 20.3 m13th/194 · 2019 | 45.0 m4th/194 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts USD | $5.96 bn27th/175 · 2020 | $84.21 bn1st/175 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts % of exports | 3.2%104th/168 · 2020 | 3.9%93rd/168 · 2020 |
| Outbound trips departures | 27.2 m6th/107 · 2019 | 60.5 m2nd/107 · 2020 |
| Society & health | ||
| Life expectancy years | 79.057th/217 · 2024 | 78.961st/217 · 2024 |
| Under-5 mortality per 1,000 births | 6.051st/196 · 2024 | 6.553rd/196 · 2024 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people | 3.4148th/174 · 2023 | 3.6839th/174 · 2022 |
| Hospital beds per 1,000 people | 2.477th/145 · 2023 | 2.767th/145 · 2022 |
| DPT immunization % of children 12–23 months | 97%29th/193 · 2024 | 94%66th/193 · 2024 |
| Completed lower secondary, 25+ % of adults | 85.8%60th/153 · 2024 | 96.6%21st/153 · 2024 |
| Secondary enrolment % gross | 110.7%24th/173 · 2024 | 97.5%72nd/173 · 2022 |
| Old-age dependency ratio % of working-age population | 4.2%210th/217 · 2025 | 28.5%46th/217 · 2025 |
| Health spending % of GDP | 5.7%113th/193 · 2023 | 16.7%3rd/193 · 2023 |
| Adult literacy % | 97.9%21st/98 · 2024 | — |
| Tertiary enrolment % gross | 83.9%20th/150 · 2024 | 79.4%29th/150 · 2022 |
| Human Development Index index 0–1 | 0.90037th/193 · 2023 | 0.93817th/193 · 2023 |
| Income inequality (Gini) index | — | 41.891st/108 · 2024 |
| Extreme poverty % of population | — | 1.1%52nd/108 · 2024 |
| Infrastructure & digital | ||
| Access to electricity % of population | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 |
| Safely managed drinking water % of population | — | 97.6%39th/150 · 2024 |
| Safely managed sanitation % of population | 83.9%45th/144 · 2024 | 97.0%17th/144 · 2024 |
| Internet users % of population | 100.0%1st/186 · 2024 | 94.7%28th/186 · 2024 |
| Mobile subscriptions per 100 people | 16024th/210 · 2024 | 113111th/210 · 2024 |
| Fixed broadband per 100 people | 44.118th/208 · 2024 | 38.929th/208 · 2024 |
| Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) score 1–5 | 3.6029th/164 · 2022 | 3.9016th/164 · 2022 |
| Rail lines route-km | 2,93942nd/82 · 2018 | 148,5531st/82 · 2021 |
| Air passengers carried passengers | 48.0 m22nd/161 · 2023 | 941.6 m1st/161 · 2023 |
| Environment & energy | ||
| CO₂ emissions per person t CO₂e | 18.48196th/203 · 2024 | 13.62189th/203 · 2024 |
| Renewable energy % of final energy use | 0.1%202nd/212 · 2021 | 10.9%142nd/212 · 2021 |
| Air pollution (PM2.5) µg/m³ | 73.5199th/200 · 2023 | 7.025th/200 · 2023 |
| Forest area % of land area | 1.3%195th/214 · 2024 | 33.8%102nd/214 · 2024 |
| Energy use per person kg oil eq. | 6,6769th/149 · 2024 | 6,45410th/149 · 2024 |
| Institutions & safety | ||
| Government effectiveness score 0–100 | 67.555th/205 · 2025 | 76.732nd/205 · 2025 |
| Control of corruption score 0–100 | 64.346th/207 · 2025 | 65.544th/207 · 2025 |
| Rule of law score 0–100 | 63.183rd/207 · 2025 | 71.747th/207 · 2025 |
| Political stability score 0–100 | 65.9116th/207 · 2025 | 60.3136th/207 · 2025 |
| Regulatory quality score 0–100 | 67.046th/205 · 2025 | 72.831st/205 · 2025 |
| Voice & accountability score 0–100 | 26.0192nd/205 · 2025 | 69.659th/205 · 2025 |
| Homicide rate per 100,000 | 0.939th/145 · 2019 | 5.8100th/145 · 2023 |
| Military | ||
| Military expenditure USD | $83.18 bn8th/156 · 2025 | $954.39 bn1st/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of GDP | 6.5%7th/156 · 2025 | 3.1%27th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of government spending | 23.5%5th/154 · 2025 | 8.3%37th/154 · 2025 |
| Armed forces personnel people | 282,00025th/170 · 2020 | 1.4 m5th/170 · 2020 |
| Armed forces personnel % of labour force | 1.92%31st/168 · 2020 | 0.84%84th/168 · 2020 |
| Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 3.0 bn1st/163 · 2025 | 745.0 m13th/163 · 2025 |
| Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 3.0 m53rd/65 · 2023 | 14.0 bn1st/65 · 2025 |
| Science & innovation | ||
| R&D spending % of GDP | 0.64%57th/110 · 2024 | 3.45%5th/110 · 2023 |
| Patent applications by residents applications | 3,10817th/137 · 2024 | 270,2952nd/137 · 2024 |
| Scientific articles articles | 24,59520th/197 · 2023 | 430,8432nd/197 · 2023 |
Questions and answers
Which has more people, Saudi Arabia or United States?
United States has the larger population: 341.8 m (2025) compared with 37.0 m for Saudi Arabia (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.
Which is bigger by area, Saudi Arabia or United States?
United States is larger: 9,831,510 km² (2024) compared with 2,149,690 km² for Saudi Arabia (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.
Which economy is larger, Saudi Arabia or United States?
United States has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $30.77 trn intl. (2025) compared with $2.73 trn intl. for Saudi Arabia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.
Which is richer per person, Saudi Arabia or United States?
United States has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $90,027 intl. (2025) compared with $73,784 intl. for Saudi Arabia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.
Where do people live longer, in Saudi Arabia or United States?
Saudi Arabia has the higher life expectancy at birth: 79.0 years (2024) compared with 78.9 years for United States (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.
Which spends more on the military, Saudi Arabia or United States?
United States spends more on the military: $954.39 bn (2025) compared with $83.18 bn for Saudi Arabia (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.
Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Saudi Arabia or United States?
Saudi Arabia: 76.5 points (15th in the world); United States: 72.3 points (30th). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.
Sources
World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Saudi Arabia vs United States — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/saudi-arabia-vs-united-states. Data as of 26 October 2026.