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Comparison · latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Compare / Montenegro vs North Macedonia

Montenegro vs North Macedonia

Side-by-side comparison of Montenegro and North Macedonia from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.

Montenegro

Europe & Central Asia · nation age 20 years

NationsTree Index53.574th of 196
Tree height2.8 m 
vs
22:10
indicators where each ranks higher

North Macedonia

Europe & Central Asia · nation age 35 years

NationsTree Index46.7102nd of 196
Tree height4.3 m 
Open in the comparison tool Data as of 26 October 2026

In short

Montenegro scores 53.5 in the NationsTree Index (74th in the world) and North Macedonia scores 46.7 (102nd), a gap of 6.8 points. Their trees are 2.8 m and 4.3 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.

North Macedonia has 2.9 times the population of Montenegro. North Macedonia has 85% more land area than Montenegro. North Macedonia has an economy 2.3 times the size of Montenegro (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Montenegro 623,129 and North Macedonia 1.8 million (2025).

GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $35,423 in Montenegro and $28,029 in North Macedonia (2025, international dollars). People in Montenegro live on average 1.3 years longer (77.9 vs 76.6 years).

Of 32 indicators reported by both countries, Montenegro ranks higher in the world on 22 and North Macedonia on 10. Montenegro is clearly stronger in environment & energy and tourism. North Macedonia is clearly stronger in main industries and military.

As a nation, North Macedonia is the older of the two (statehood since 1991, 35 years), compared with Montenegro (since 2006). Over the last five years Montenegro improved faster (direction score 79 vs 37 out of 100).

Where they differ most

The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Montenegro and North Macedonia.

Over time

How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.

NationsTree IndexMontenegroNorth Macedonia
3040506070 2003 2007 2011 2015 2019 2023 2025

Montenegro overtook North Macedonia in the NationsTree Index in 2021 and has stayed ahead since.

Montenegro overtook North Macedonia in life expectancy in 2007 and has stayed ahead since.

Montenegro overtook North Macedonia in GDP per person (PPP) in 2001 and has stayed ahead since.

North Macedonia has been ahead of Montenegro in GDP (PPP) in every year since 1997.

North Macedonia has been ahead of Montenegro in population in every year since 1990.

Strength by category

Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i

All indicators

Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.

Indicator Montenegro North Macedonia
Land & people
Surface area i km² 13,883157th/216 · 2024 25,713146th/216 · 2024
Land area i km² 13,450157th/216 · 2024 25,220145th/216 · 2024
Population i people 623,129169th/217 · 2025 1.8 m151st/217 · 2025
Population growth i % -0.06%175th/217 · 2025 -0.19%190th/217 · 2025
Population density i people/km² 46.4157th/216 · 2024 72.3134th/216 · 2024
Urban population i % 65.6%105th/217 · 2025 62.9%116th/217 · 2025
Population aged 0–14 i % 17.9%142nd/217 · 2025 16.5%159th/217 · 2025
Population aged 65+ i % 18.3%46th/217 · 2025 18.5%44th/217 · 2025
Economy
GDP i USD $9.23 bn155th/210 · 2025 $19.10 bn136th/210 · 2025
GDP (PPP) i intl. USD $22.07 bn152nd/199 · 2025 $51.04 bn133rd/199 · 2025
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) i intl. USD 2021 $18.01 bn152nd/199 · 2025 $45.70 bn132nd/199 · 2025
GDP per person i USD $14,81787th/210 · 2025 $10,490102nd/210 · 2025
GDP per person (PPP) i intl. USD $35,42373rd/199 · 2025 $28,02986th/199 · 2025
GNI per person (Atlas) i USD $14,15079th/201 · 2025 $9,49096th/201 · 2025
GDP growth i % 2.7%125th/210 · 2025 3.5%99th/210 · 2025
Inflation i % 3.9%120th/180 · 2025 4.1%127th/180 · 2025
Unemployment i % 13.6%169th/187 · 2025 12.3%164th/187 · 2025
General government gross debt i % of GDP 63.5%121st/189 · 2025 52.6%92nd/189 · 2025
Government budget balance i % of GDP -4.3%139th/192 · 2025 -4.0%133rd/192 · 2025
Main industries
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i % of GDP 3.4%123rd/197 · 2025 6.0%100th/197 · 2025
Industry incl. construction i % of GDP 11.3%178th/200 · 2025 24.1%94th/200 · 2025
Manufacturing i % of GDP 3.3%167th/192 · 2024 14.3%51st/192 · 2025
Services i % of GDP 63.4%65th/200 · 2025 57.0%109th/200 · 2025
Trade
Exports of goods & services i USD $3.70 bn140th/182 · 2025 $11.39 bn108th/182 · 2025
Imports of goods & services i USD $6.07 bn136th/182 · 2025 $14.02 bn108th/182 · 2025
Exports i % of GDP 40.1%82nd/183 · 2025 59.6%38th/183 · 2025
Imports i % of GDP 65.7%44th/183 · 2025 73.4%28th/183 · 2025
Trade openness i % of GDP 105.8%54th/183 · 2025 133.0%32nd/183 · 2025
Fuel exports i % of merchandise exports 23.8%35th/170 · 2025 2.8%89th/170 · 2025
Manufactures exports i % of merchandise exports 36.9%82nd/171 · 2025 80.3%19th/171 · 2025
Food exports i % of merchandise exports 18.6%79th/171 · 2025 11.8%107th/171 · 2025
Ores & metals exports i % of merchandise exports 14.5%33rd/171 · 2025 4.4%69th/171 · 2025
High-tech exports i % of manufactured exports 14.5%49th/168 · 2024 6.4%88th/168 · 2024
Current account balance i % of GDP -20.6%183rd/191 · 2025 -4.4%137th/191 · 2025
Foreign direct investment, inflows i % of GDP 7.3%27th/196 · 2025 3.5%61st/196 · 2025
Natural resources
Natural resource rents i % of GDP 0.6%125th/209 · 2021 0.1%152nd/209 · 2021
Oil rents i % of GDP 0.00%120th/197 · 2021 0.00%120th/197 · 2021
Natural gas rents i % of GDP 0.00%100th/197 · 2021 0.00%100th/197 · 2021
Coal rents i % of GDP 0.14%26th/195 · 2021 0.01%53rd/195 · 2021
Mineral rents i % of GDP 0.01%80th/209 · 2021 0.00%91st/209 · 2021
Forest rents i % of GDP 0.48%70th/209 · 2021 0.13%107th/209 · 2021
Arable land i % of land area 0.7%192nd/206 · 2024 16.2%68th/206 · 2024
Renewable freshwater per person i m³ — 2,94885th/183 · 2022
Tourism
International tourist arrivals i arrivals 351,000136th/194 · 2020 118,000162nd/194 · 2020
Tourism receipts i USD $180.0 m131st/175 · 2020 $253.0 m111th/175 · 2020
Tourism receipts i % of exports 14.4%43rd/168 · 2020 3.5%96th/168 · 2020
Society & health
Life expectancy i years 77.975th/217 · 2024 76.689th/217 · 2024
Under-5 mortality i per 1,000 births 2.46th/196 · 2024 2.817th/196 · 2024
Physicians i per 1,000 people 2.7866th/174 · 2023 2.9461st/174 · 2022
Hospital beds i per 1,000 people 3.842nd/145 · 2022 4.727th/145 · 2021
DPT immunization i % of children 12–23 months 81%142nd/193 · 2024 89%110th/193 · 2024
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i % of adults 96.1%23rd/153 · 2020 69.0%85th/153 · 2024
Secondary enrolment i % gross 93.9%85th/173 · 2023 90.1%104th/173 · 2023
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i % of population 56.4%2014 —
Old-age dependency ratio i % of working-age population 28.7%43rd/217 · 2025 28.5%44th/217 · 2025
Health spending i % of GDP 9.7%33rd/193 · 2023 7.4%77th/193 · 2023
Adult literacy i % 98.5%2018 96.1%2002
Tertiary enrolment i % gross 55.2%67th/150 · 2023 55.0%69th/150 · 2023
Human Development Index i index 0–1 0.86248th/193 · 2023 0.81568th/193 · 2023
Income inequality (Gini) i index 34.356th/108 · 2021 33.52019
Extreme poverty i % of population 2.5%66th/108 · 2021 3.9%2019
Infrastructure & digital
Access to electricity i % of population 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 100.0%1st/215 · 2024
Safely managed drinking water i % of population 85.5%69th/150 · 2024 80.8%74th/150 · 2024
Safely managed sanitation i % of population 50.9%83rd/144 · 2024 12.1%138th/144 · 2024
Internet users i % of population 88.9%65th/186 · 2024 93.1%40th/186 · 2025
Mobile subscriptions i per 100 people 2223rd/210 · 2024 108123rd/210 · 2024
Fixed broadband i per 100 people 32.350th/208 · 2024 29.958th/208 · 2024
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) i score 1–5 2.5085th/164 · 2022 3.0054th/164 · 2022
Rail lines i route-km 25081st/82 · 2019 68372nd/82 · 2021
Air passengers carried i passengers 379,068119th/161 · 2023 86,8682009
Environment & energy
CO₂ emissions per person i t CO₂e — 4.00133rd/203 · 2024
Renewable energy i % of final energy use 39.6%60th/212 · 2021 19.5%109th/212 · 2021
Air pollution (PM2.5) i µg/m³ 18.5104th/200 · 2023 21.8127th/200 · 2023
Forest area i % of land area 61.5%30th/214 · 2024 40.8%77th/214 · 2024
Energy use per person i kg oil eq. 1,76564th/149 · 2024 1,38880th/149 · 2024
Institutions & safety
Government effectiveness i score 0–100 62.065th/205 · 2025 56.489th/205 · 2025
Control of corruption i score 0–100 49.688th/207 · 2025 42.0115th/207 · 2025
Rule of law i score 0–100 62.188th/207 · 2025 56.3108th/207 · 2025
Political stability i score 0–100 73.583rd/207 · 2025 72.286th/207 · 2025
Regulatory quality i score 0–100 59.179th/205 · 2025 63.357th/205 · 2025
Voice & accountability i score 0–100 65.077th/205 · 2025 61.392nd/205 · 2025
Homicide rate i per 100,000 0.829th/145 · 2023 1.558th/145 · 2023
Military
Military expenditure i USD $176.5 m131st/156 · 2025 $374.8 m112th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of GDP 1.9%70th/156 · 2025 2.0%66th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of government spending 4.4%98th/154 · 2025 5.1%78th/154 · 2025
Armed forces personnel i people 12,000124th/170 · 2020 16,000113th/170 · 2020
Armed forces personnel i % of labour force 4.66%5th/168 · 2020 2.00%28th/168 · 2020
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 1.0 m150th/163 · 2025 9.0 m111th/163 · 2025
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 4.0 m51st/65 · 2022 59.0 m31st/65 · 2023
Science & innovation
R&D spending i % of GDP 0.36%2019 0.37%69th/110 · 2024
Patent applications by residents i applications 1593rd/137 · 2024 2589th/137 · 2024
Scientific articles i articles 255119th/197 · 2023 49999th/197 · 2023

Questions and answers

Which has more people, Montenegro or North Macedonia?

North Macedonia has the larger population: 1.8 m (2025) compared with 623,129 for Montenegro (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.

Which is bigger by area, Montenegro or North Macedonia?

North Macedonia is larger: 25,713 km² (2024) compared with 13,883 km² for Montenegro (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.

Which economy is larger, Montenegro or North Macedonia?

North Macedonia has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $51.04 bn intl. (2025) compared with $22.07 bn intl. for Montenegro (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.

Which is richer per person, Montenegro or North Macedonia?

Montenegro has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $35,423 intl. (2025) compared with $28,029 intl. for North Macedonia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.

Where do people live longer, in Montenegro or North Macedonia?

Montenegro has the higher life expectancy at birth: 77.9 years (2024) compared with 76.6 years for North Macedonia (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.

Which spends more on the military, Montenegro or North Macedonia?

North Macedonia spends more on the military: $374.8 m (2025) compared with $176.5 m for Montenegro (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.

Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Montenegro or North Macedonia?

Montenegro: 53.5 points (74th in the world); North Macedonia: 46.7 points (102nd). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.

More comparisons

Sources

World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Montenegro vs North Macedonia — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/montenegro-vs-north-macedonia. Data as of 26 October 2026.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Montenegro vs North Macedonia — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/montenegro-vs-north-macedonia. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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