Iceland vs North Macedonia
Side-by-side comparison of Iceland and North Macedonia from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.
Iceland
Europe & Central Asia · nation age 1,096 years
North Macedonia
Europe & Central Asia · nation age 35 years
In short
Iceland scores 71.0 in the NationsTree Index (32nd in the world) and North Macedonia scores 46.7 (102nd), a gap of 24.2 points. Their trees are 3.7 m and 4.3 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.
North Macedonia has 4.6 times the population of Iceland. Iceland is 4.0 times larger than North Macedonia by land area. The economy of North Macedonia is 56% larger than that of Iceland (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Iceland 392,404 and North Macedonia 1.8 million (2025).
GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $83,431 in Iceland and $28,029 in North Macedonia (2025, international dollars). People in Iceland live on average 6.2 years longer (82.8 vs 76.6 years).
Of 33 indicators reported by both countries, Iceland ranks higher in the world on 28 and North Macedonia on 5. Iceland is clearly stronger in institutions & safety, infrastructure & digital and society & health. North Macedonia is clearly stronger in military, main industries and trade.
As a nation, Iceland is the older of the two (statehood since 930, 1,096 years), compared with North Macedonia (since 1991). Over the last five years North Macedonia improved faster (direction score 37 vs 25 out of 100).
Where they differ most
The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Iceland and North Macedonia.
Over time
How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.
Iceland has been ahead of North Macedonia in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1996.
Iceland has been ahead of North Macedonia in GDP per person (PPP) and life expectancy in every year since 1990.
North Macedonia has been ahead of Iceland in GDP (PPP) and population in every year since 1990.
Strength by category
Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i
All indicators
Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.
| Indicator | ||
|---|---|---|
| Land & people | ||
| Surface area km² | 103,000108th/216 · 2024 | 25,713146th/216 · 2024 |
| Land area km² | 100,830105th/216 · 2024 | 25,220145th/216 · 2024 |
| Population people | 392,404176th/217 · 2025 | 1.8 m151st/217 · 2025 |
| Population growth % | 1.51%71st/217 · 2025 | -0.19%190th/217 · 2025 |
| Population density people/km² | 3.8212th/216 · 2024 | 72.3134th/216 · 2024 |
| Urban population % | 94.2%23rd/217 · 2025 | 62.9%116th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 0–14 % | 17.5%148th/217 · 2025 | 16.5%159th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 65+ % | 16.0%64th/217 · 2025 | 18.5%44th/217 · 2025 |
| Economy | ||
| GDP USD | $38.58 bn106th/210 · 2025 | $19.10 bn136th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP (PPP) intl. USD | $32.74 bn147th/199 · 2025 | $51.04 bn133rd/199 · 2025 |
| Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) intl. USD 2021 | $26.71 bn149th/199 · 2025 | $45.70 bn132nd/199 · 2025 |
| GDP per person USD | $98,3239th/210 · 2025 | $10,490102nd/210 · 2025 |
| GDP per person (PPP) intl. USD | $83,43114th/199 · 2025 | $28,02986th/199 · 2025 |
| GNI per person (Atlas) USD | $89,2205th/201 · 2025 | $9,49096th/201 · 2025 |
| GDP growth % | 1.3%166th/210 · 2025 | 3.5%99th/210 · 2025 |
| Inflation % | 4.1%128th/180 · 2025 | 4.1%127th/180 · 2025 |
| Unemployment % | 3.6%62nd/187 · 2025 | 12.3%164th/187 · 2025 |
| Central government debt % of GDP | 80.1%42nd/55 · 2023 | — |
| General government gross debt % of GDP | 56.7%106th/189 · 2025 | 52.6%92nd/189 · 2025 |
| Government budget balance % of GDP | -2.6%95th/192 · 2025 | -4.0%133rd/192 · 2025 |
| Main industries | ||
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing % of GDP | 3.7%118th/197 · 2025 | 6.0%100th/197 · 2025 |
| Industry incl. construction % of GDP | 20.1%126th/200 · 2025 | 24.1%94th/200 · 2025 |
| Manufacturing % of GDP | 8.5%116th/192 · 2025 | 14.3%51st/192 · 2025 |
| Services % of GDP | 66.2%49th/200 · 2025 | 57.0%109th/200 · 2025 |
| Trade | ||
| Exports of goods & services USD | $15.48 bn97th/182 · 2025 | $11.39 bn108th/182 · 2025 |
| Imports of goods & services USD | $16.35 bn100th/182 · 2025 | $14.02 bn108th/182 · 2025 |
| Exports % of GDP | 40.1%81st/183 · 2025 | 59.6%38th/183 · 2025 |
| Imports % of GDP | 42.4%97th/183 · 2025 | 73.4%28th/183 · 2025 |
| Trade openness % of GDP | 82.5%91st/183 · 2025 | 133.0%32nd/183 · 2025 |
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 1.5%110th/170 · 2025 | 2.8%89th/170 · 2025 |
| Manufactures exports % of merchandise exports | 14.0%123rd/171 · 2025 | 80.3%19th/171 · 2025 |
| Food exports % of merchandise exports | 46.9%32nd/171 · 2025 | 11.8%107th/171 · 2025 |
| Ores & metals exports % of merchandise exports | 36.2%11th/171 · 2025 | 4.4%69th/171 · 2025 |
| High-tech exports % of manufactured exports | 54.0%7th/168 · 2024 | 6.4%88th/168 · 2024 |
| Current account balance % of GDP | -4.0%131st/191 · 2025 | -4.4%137th/191 · 2025 |
| Foreign direct investment, inflows % of GDP | -2.2%188th/196 · 2025 | 3.5%61st/196 · 2025 |
| Natural resources | ||
| Natural resource rents % of GDP | 0.0%186th/209 · 2021 | 0.1%152nd/209 · 2021 |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 0.00%120th/197 · 2021 | 0.00%120th/197 · 2021 |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 0.00%100th/197 · 2021 | 0.00%100th/197 · 2021 |
| Coal rents % of GDP | 0.00%68th/195 · 2021 | 0.01%53rd/195 · 2021 |
| Mineral rents % of GDP | 0.00%91st/209 · 2021 | 0.00%91st/209 · 2021 |
| Forest rents % of GDP | 0.00%180th/209 · 2021 | 0.13%107th/209 · 2021 |
| Arable land % of land area | 1.2%180th/206 · 2024 | 16.2%68th/206 · 2024 |
| Renewable freshwater per person m³ | 445,0231st/183 · 2022 | 2,94885th/183 · 2022 |
| Tourism | ||
| International tourist arrivals arrivals | 488,000123rd/194 · 2020 | 118,000162nd/194 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts USD | $881.0 m2008 | $253.0 m111th/175 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts % of exports | 11.9%2008 | 3.5%96th/168 · 2020 |
| Outbound trips departures | 130,00095th/107 · 2020 | — |
| Society & health | ||
| Life expectancy years | 82.826th/217 · 2024 | 76.689th/217 · 2024 |
| Under-5 mortality per 1,000 births | 2.817th/196 · 2024 | 2.817th/196 · 2024 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people | 4.3721st/174 · 2023 | 2.9461st/174 · 2022 |
| Hospital beds per 1,000 people | 2.864th/145 · 2020 | 4.727th/145 · 2021 |
| DPT immunization % of children 12–23 months | 94%66th/193 · 2024 | 89%110th/193 · 2024 |
| Completed lower secondary, 25+ % of adults | 99.6%4th/153 · 2023 | 69.0%85th/153 · 2024 |
| Secondary enrolment % gross | 108.9%25th/173 · 2023 | 90.1%104th/173 · 2023 |
| Old-age dependency ratio % of working-age population | 24.0%62nd/217 · 2025 | 28.5%44th/217 · 2025 |
| Health spending % of GDP | 9.0%45th/193 · 2024 | 7.4%77th/193 · 2023 |
| Adult literacy % | — | 96.1%2002 |
| Tertiary enrolment % gross | 76.5%38th/150 · 2023 | 55.0%69th/150 · 2023 |
| Human Development Index index 0–1 | 0.9721st/193 · 2023 | 0.81568th/193 · 2023 |
| Income inequality (Gini) index | 26.82019 | 33.52019 |
| Extreme poverty % of population | 0.1%2019 | 3.9%2019 |
| Infrastructure & digital | ||
| Access to electricity % of population | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 |
| Safely managed drinking water % of population | 100.0%1st/150 · 2024 | 80.8%74th/150 · 2024 |
| Safely managed sanitation % of population | — | 12.1%138th/144 · 2024 |
| Internet users % of population | 98.2%10th/186 · 2024 | 93.1%40th/186 · 2025 |
| Mobile subscriptions per 100 people | 12187th/210 · 2024 | 108123rd/210 · 2024 |
| Fixed broadband per 100 people | 37.534th/208 · 2024 | 29.958th/208 · 2024 |
| Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) score 1–5 | 3.6029th/164 · 2022 | 3.0054th/164 · 2022 |
| Rail lines route-km | — | 68372nd/82 · 2021 |
| Air passengers carried passengers | 4.3 m63rd/161 · 2023 | 86,8682009 |
| Environment & energy | ||
| CO₂ emissions per person t CO₂e | 8.52179th/203 · 2024 | 4.00133rd/203 · 2024 |
| Renewable energy % of final energy use | 82.4%13th/212 · 2021 | 19.5%109th/212 · 2021 |
| Air pollution (PM2.5) µg/m³ | 4.913th/200 · 2023 | 21.8127th/200 · 2023 |
| Forest area % of land area | 0.6%202nd/214 · 2024 | 40.8%77th/214 · 2024 |
| Energy use per person kg oil eq. | 16,2481st/149 · 2024 | 1,38880th/149 · 2024 |
| Institutions & safety | ||
| Government effectiveness score 0–100 | 84.016th/205 · 2025 | 56.489th/205 · 2025 |
| Control of corruption score 0–100 | 84.811th/207 · 2025 | 42.0115th/207 · 2025 |
| Rule of law score 0–100 | 85.212th/207 · 2025 | 56.3108th/207 · 2025 |
| Political stability score 0–100 | 88.813th/207 · 2025 | 72.286th/207 · 2025 |
| Regulatory quality score 0–100 | 73.829th/205 · 2025 | 63.357th/205 · 2025 |
| Voice & accountability score 0–100 | 82.716th/205 · 2025 | 61.392nd/205 · 2025 |
| Homicide rate per 100,000 | 1.352nd/145 · 2023 | 1.558th/145 · 2023 |
| Military | ||
| Military expenditure USD | $0.00154th/156 · 2025 | $374.8 m112th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of GDP | 0.0%154th/156 · 2025 | 2.0%66th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of government spending | 0.0%152nd/154 · 2025 | 5.1%78th/154 · 2025 |
| Armed forces personnel people | 0166th/170 · 2020 | 16,000113th/170 · 2020 |
| Armed forces personnel % of labour force | 0.00%166th/168 · 2020 | 2.00%28th/168 · 2020 |
| Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 50.0 m2011 | 9.0 m111th/163 · 2025 |
| Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 5.0 m1993 | 59.0 m31st/65 · 2023 |
| Science & innovation | ||
| R&D spending % of GDP | 2.64%14th/110 · 2023 | 0.37%69th/110 · 2024 |
| Patent applications by residents applications | 3883rd/137 · 2024 | 2589th/137 · 2024 |
| Scientific articles articles | 71691st/197 · 2023 | 49999th/197 · 2023 |
Questions and answers
Which has more people, Iceland or North Macedonia?
North Macedonia has the larger population: 1.8 m (2025) compared with 392,404 for Iceland (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.
Which is bigger by area, Iceland or North Macedonia?
Iceland is larger: 103,000 km² (2024) compared with 25,713 km² for North Macedonia (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.
Which economy is larger, Iceland or North Macedonia?
North Macedonia has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $51.04 bn intl. (2025) compared with $32.74 bn intl. for Iceland (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.
Which is richer per person, Iceland or North Macedonia?
Iceland has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $83,431 intl. (2025) compared with $28,029 intl. for North Macedonia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.
Where do people live longer, in Iceland or North Macedonia?
Iceland has the higher life expectancy at birth: 82.8 years (2024) compared with 76.6 years for North Macedonia (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.
Which spends more on the military, Iceland or North Macedonia?
North Macedonia spends more on the military: $374.8 m (2025) compared with $0.00 for Iceland (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.
Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Iceland or North Macedonia?
Iceland: 71.0 points (32nd in the world); North Macedonia: 46.7 points (102nd). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.
Sources
World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Iceland vs North Macedonia — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/iceland-vs-north-macedonia. Data as of 26 October 2026.