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Comparison · latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Compare / Brunei vs Papua New Guinea

Brunei vs Papua New Guinea

Side-by-side comparison of Brunei and Papua New Guinea from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.

Brunei

East Asia & Pacific · nation age 658 years

NationsTree Index54.869th of 196
Tree height4.0 m 
vs
23:8
indicators where each ranks higher

Papua New Guinea

East Asia & Pacific · nation age 51 years

NationsTree Index29.5164th of 196
Tree height4.0 m 
Open in the comparison tool Data as of 26 October 2026

In short

Brunei scores 54.8 in the NationsTree Index (69th in the world) and Papua New Guinea scores 29.5 (164th), a gap of 25.4 points. Their trees are 4.0 m and 4.0 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.

Papua New Guinea has 23 times the population of Brunei. Papua New Guinea is 80 times larger than Brunei by land area. The economy of Papua New Guinea is 30% larger than that of Brunei (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Brunei 466,330 and Papua New Guinea 10.8 million (2025).

GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $92,430 in Brunei and $5,215 in Papua New Guinea (2025, international dollars). People in Brunei live on average 9.2 years longer (75.5 vs 66.3 years).

Of 31 indicators reported by both countries, Brunei ranks higher in the world on 23 and Papua New Guinea on 8. Brunei is clearly stronger in military, infrastructure & digital and institutions & safety. Papua New Guinea is clearly stronger in environment & energy, natural resources and land & people.

As a nation, Brunei is the older of the two (statehood since 1368, 658 years), compared with Papua New Guinea (since 1975). Over the last five years Papua New Guinea improved faster (direction score 72 vs 6 out of 100).

Where they differ most

The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Brunei and Papua New Guinea.

Over time

How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.

NationsTree IndexBruneiPapua New Guinea
1020304050607080 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016 2021 2025

Papua New Guinea overtook Brunei in GDP (PPP) in 2015 and has stayed ahead since.

Brunei has been ahead of Papua New Guinea in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1996.

Brunei has been ahead of Papua New Guinea in GDP per person (PPP) and life expectancy in every year since 1990.

Papua New Guinea has been ahead of Brunei in population in every year since 1990.

Strength by category

Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i

All indicators

Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.

Indicator Brunei Papua New Guinea
Land & people
Surface area i km² 5,770168th/216 · 2024 462,84056th/216 · 2024
Land area i km² 5,270167th/216 · 2024 452,86054th/216 · 2024
Population i people 466,330173rd/217 · 2025 10.8 m91st/217 · 2025
Population growth i % 0.78%116th/217 · 2025 1.75%60th/217 · 2025
Population density i people/km² 87.8114th/216 · 2024 23.4182nd/216 · 2024
Urban population i % 75.0%74th/217 · 2025 15.8%216th/217 · 2025
Population aged 0–14 i % 20.6%120th/217 · 2025 33.1%56th/217 · 2025
Population aged 65+ i % 7.2%122nd/217 · 2025 3.6%176th/217 · 2025
Economy
GDP i USD $15.03 bn146th/210 · 2025 $32.50 bn111th/210 · 2025
GDP (PPP) i intl. USD $43.10 bn137th/199 · 2025 $56.13 bn131st/199 · 2025
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) i intl. USD 2021 $36.83 bn138th/199 · 2025 $47.96 bn131st/199 · 2025
GDP per person i USD $32,23555th/210 · 2025 $3,020164th/210 · 2025
GDP per person (PPP) i intl. USD $92,43010th/199 · 2025 $5,215164th/199 · 2025
GNI per person (Atlas) i USD $34,79044th/201 · 2025 $2,890150th/201 · 2025
GDP growth i % 0.7%182nd/210 · 2025 5.6%40th/210 · 2025
Inflation i % -0.3%9th/180 · 2025 4.4%133rd/180 · 2025
Unemployment i % 5.3%96th/187 · 2025 2.6%25th/187 · 2025
Central government debt i % of GDP — 52.0%27th/55 · 2024
General government gross debt i % of GDP 1.6%3rd/189 · 2025 51.6%87th/189 · 2025
Government budget balance i % of GDP -17.7%190th/192 · 2025 -2.1%79th/192 · 2025
Main industries
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i % of GDP 1.2%166th/197 · 2025 17.0%42nd/197 · 2024
Industry incl. construction i % of GDP 60.0%3rd/200 · 2025 36.5%24th/200 · 2024
Manufacturing i % of GDP 9.9%102nd/192 · 2025 1.6%179th/192 · 2024
Services i % of GDP 40.2%185th/200 · 2025 42.0%181st/200 · 2024
Trade
Exports of goods & services i USD $10.76 bn110th/182 · 2025 $2.83 bn2004
Imports of goods & services i USD $7.82 bn125th/182 · 2025 $2.31 bn2004
Exports i % of GDP 71.6%26th/183 · 2025 72.2%2004
Imports i % of GDP 52.0%75th/183 · 2025 58.9%2004
Trade openness i % of GDP 123.6%40th/183 · 2025 131.1%2004
Fuel exports i % of merchandise exports 75.0%12th/170 · 2025 42.6%26th/170 · 2023
Manufactures exports i % of merchandise exports 24.3%98th/171 · 2025 1.8%163rd/171 · 2023
Food exports i % of merchandise exports 0.1%171st/171 · 2025 19.7%74th/171 · 2023
Ores & metals exports i % of merchandise exports 0.2%159th/171 · 2025 29.8%19th/171 · 2023
High-tech exports i % of manufactured exports 1.1%147th/168 · 2024 10.2%63rd/168 · 2023
Current account balance i % of GDP 18.0%7th/191 · 2025 14.3%14th/191 · 2025
Foreign direct investment, inflows i % of GDP 0.4%162nd/196 · 2025 -3.6%193rd/196 · 2025
Natural resources
Natural resource rents i % of GDP 24.3%18th/209 · 2021 27.4%14th/209 · 2021
Oil rents i % of GDP 10.37%19th/197 · 2021 1.88%38th/197 · 2021
Natural gas rents i % of GDP 13.86%2nd/197 · 2021 9.14%5th/197 · 2021
Coal rents i % of GDP 0.00%68th/195 · 2021 0.00%68th/195 · 2021
Mineral rents i % of GDP 0.00%91st/209 · 2021 14.41%8th/209 · 2021
Forest rents i % of GDP 0.05%129th/209 · 2021 1.96%35th/209 · 2021
Arable land i % of land area 0.8%189th/206 · 2024 0.7%190th/206 · 2024
Renewable freshwater per person i m³ 18,66633rd/183 · 2022 78,5055th/183 · 2022
Tourism
International tourist arrivals i arrivals 1.1 m95th/194 · 2020 39,000180th/194 · 2020
Tourism receipts i USD $190.0 m129th/175 · 2018 $4.2 m173rd/175 · 2018
Tourism receipts i % of exports 2.7%114th/168 · 2018 0.0%167th/168 · 2018
Outbound trips i departures — 92,0002002
Society & health
Life expectancy i years 75.5102nd/217 · 2024 66.3185th/217 · 2024
Under-5 mortality i per 1,000 births 9.976th/196 · 2024 39.4158th/196 · 2024
Physicians i per 1,000 people 1.8983rd/174 · 2021 0.06171st/174 · 2023
Hospital beds i per 1,000 people 3.647th/145 · 2023 0.6134th/145 · 2023
DPT immunization i % of children 12–23 months 99%1st/193 · 2024 42%190th/193 · 2024
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i % of adults 88.7%54th/153 · 2023 34.5%124th/153 · 2022
Secondary enrolment i % gross 91.8%92nd/173 · 2023 52.1%152nd/173 · 2023
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i % of population — 4.2%2009
Old-age dependency ratio i % of working-age population 10.0%132nd/217 · 2025 5.7%186th/217 · 2025
Health spending i % of GDP 2.2%191st/193 · 2023 2.9%181st/193 · 2023
Adult literacy i % 96.1%2011 87.0%60th/98 · 2022
Tertiary enrolment i % gross 36.4%100th/150 · 2023 1.9%1999
Human Development Index i index 0–1 0.83760th/193 · 2023 0.576160th/193 · 2023
Income inequality (Gini) i index — 41.92009
Extreme poverty i % of population — 52.2%2009
Infrastructure & digital
Access to electricity i % of population 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 43.3%203rd/215 · 2024
Safely managed sanitation i % of population — 16.7%131st/144 · 2024
Internet users i % of population 96.3%18th/186 · 2024 18.8%178th/186 · 2024
Mobile subscriptions i per 100 people 11896th/210 · 2024 39206th/210 · 2024
Fixed broadband i per 100 people 21.286th/208 · 2024 0.2188th/208 · 2024
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) i score 1–5 2.4694th/164 · 2018 2.4096th/164 · 2022
Air passengers carried i passengers 820,886103rd/161 · 2023 1.5 m86th/161 · 2023
Environment & energy
CO₂ emissions per person i t CO₂e 20.24199th/203 · 2024 0.5243rd/203 · 2024
Renewable energy i % of final energy use 0.0%207th/212 · 2021 54.6%43rd/212 · 2022
Air pollution (PM2.5) i µg/m³ 7.630th/200 · 2023 14.175th/200 · 2023
Forest area i % of land area 72.1%16th/214 · 2024 75.2%10th/214 · 2024
Energy use per person i kg oil eq. 8,9306th/149 · 2024 —
Institutions & safety
Government effectiveness i score 0–100 70.644th/205 · 2025 37.8158th/205 · 2025
Control of corruption i score 0–100 68.138th/207 · 2025 32.3156th/207 · 2025
Rule of law i score 0–100 69.755th/207 · 2025 49.2138th/207 · 2025
Political stability i score 0–100 91.95th/207 · 2025 56.0158th/207 · 2025
Regulatory quality i score 0–100 72.137th/205 · 2025 44.9144th/205 · 2025
Voice & accountability i score 0–100 40.2149th/205 · 2025 53.4116th/205 · 2025
Homicide rate i per 100,000 0.52013 9.32010
Military
Military expenditure i USD $560.3 m102nd/156 · 2024 $106.5 m139th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of GDP 3.7%15th/156 · 2024 0.4%150th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of government spending 12.2%23rd/154 · 2024 1.6%146th/154 · 2025
Armed forces personnel i people 8,000140th/170 · 2020 4,000148th/170 · 2020
Armed forces personnel i % of labour force 3.57%12th/168 · 2020 0.12%158th/168 · 2020
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 28.0 m83rd/163 · 2024 9.0 m111th/163 · 2023
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 12.0 m2016 —
Science & innovation
R&D spending i % of GDP 0.28%2018 0.03%2016
Patent applications by residents i applications 1126th/137 · 2024 1126th/137 · 2022
Scientific articles i articles 50298th/197 · 2023 70147th/197 · 2023

Questions and answers

Which has more people, Brunei or Papua New Guinea?

Papua New Guinea has the larger population: 10.8 m (2025) compared with 466,330 for Brunei (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.

Which is bigger by area, Brunei or Papua New Guinea?

Papua New Guinea is larger: 462,840 km² (2024) compared with 5,770 km² for Brunei (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.

Which economy is larger, Brunei or Papua New Guinea?

Papua New Guinea has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $56.13 bn intl. (2025) compared with $43.10 bn intl. for Brunei (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.

Which is richer per person, Brunei or Papua New Guinea?

Brunei has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $92,430 intl. (2025) compared with $5,215 intl. for Papua New Guinea (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.

Where do people live longer, in Brunei or Papua New Guinea?

Brunei has the higher life expectancy at birth: 75.5 years (2024) compared with 66.3 years for Papua New Guinea (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.

Which spends more on the military, Brunei or Papua New Guinea?

Brunei spends more on the military: $560.3 m (2024) compared with $106.5 m for Papua New Guinea (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.

Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Brunei or Papua New Guinea?

Brunei: 54.8 points (69th in the world); Papua New Guinea: 29.5 points (164th). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.

More comparisons

Brunei compared with

Papua New Guinea compared with

Sources

World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Brunei vs Papua New Guinea — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/brunei-vs-papua-new-guinea. Data as of 26 October 2026.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Brunei vs Papua New Guinea — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/brunei-vs-papua-new-guinea. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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