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Comparison · latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Compare / Japan vs Mexico

Japan vs Mexico

Side-by-side comparison of Japan and Mexico from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.

Japan

East Asia & Pacific · nation age 1,776 years

NationsTree Index79.36th of 196
Tree height57 m 
vs
31:5
indicators where each ranks higher

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean · nation age 216 years

NationsTree Index52.676th of 196
Tree height35 m 
Open in the comparison tool Data as of 26 October 2026

In short

Japan scores 79.3 in the NationsTree Index (6th in the world) and Mexico scores 52.6 (76th), a gap of 26.7 points. Their trees are 57 m and 35 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.

Japan and Mexico have a similar population. Mexico is 5.2 times larger than Japan by land area. Japan has an economy 2.0 times the size of Mexico (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Japan 123.4 million and Mexico 131.9 million (2025).

GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $55,422 in Japan and $25,868 in Mexico (2025, international dollars). People in Japan live on average 8.8 years longer (84.0 vs 75.3 years).

Of 36 indicators reported by both countries, Japan ranks higher in the world on 31 and Mexico on 5. Japan is clearly stronger in institutions & safety, society & health and infrastructure & digital. Mexico is clearly stronger in tourism, natural resources and trade.

As a nation, Japan is the older of the two (statehood since 250, 1,776 years), compared with Mexico (since 1810). Over the last five years Mexico improved faster (direction score 57 vs 40 out of 100).

Where they differ most

The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Japan and Mexico.

Over time

How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.

NationsTree IndexJapanMexico
405060708090100 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016 2021 2025

Mexico overtook Japan in population in 2020 and has stayed ahead since.

Japan has been ahead of Mexico in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1996.

Japan has been ahead of Mexico in GDP per person (PPP), GDP (PPP) and life expectancy in every year since 1990.

Strength by category

Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i

All indicators

Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.

Indicator Japan Mexico
Land & people
Surface area i km² 377,97563rd/216 · 2024 1,957,19413th/216 · 2024
Land area i km² 364,50062nd/216 · 2024 1,943,95013th/216 · 2024
Population i people 123.4 m12th/217 · 2025 131.9 m11th/217 · 2025
Population growth i % -0.49%197th/217 · 2025 0.83%112th/217 · 2025
Population density i people/km² 340.136th/216 · 2024 67.3138th/216 · 2024
Urban population i % 92.3%26th/217 · 2025 80.0%58th/217 · 2025
Population aged 0–14 i % 11.2%215th/217 · 2025 24.1%102nd/217 · 2025
Population aged 65+ i % 30.0%2nd/217 · 2025 8.5%113th/217 · 2025
Economy
GDP i USD $4.44 trn4th/210 · 2025 $1.83 trn14th/210 · 2025
GDP (PPP) i intl. USD $6.84 trn5th/199 · 2025 $3.41 trn13th/199 · 2025
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) i intl. USD 2021 $5.96 trn5th/199 · 2025 $2.89 trn13th/199 · 2025
GDP per person i USD $35,95148th/210 · 2025 $13,88992nd/210 · 2025
GDP per person (PPP) i intl. USD $55,42245th/199 · 2025 $25,86890th/199 · 2025
GNI per person (Atlas) i USD $38,34035th/201 · 2025 $13,73082nd/201 · 2025
GDP growth i % 1.2%167th/210 · 2025 0.6%186th/210 · 2025
Inflation i % 3.2%90th/180 · 2025 3.8%113th/180 · 2025
Unemployment i % 2.5%24th/187 · 2025 2.7%27th/187 · 2025
Central government debt i % of GDP — 50.3%24th/55 · 2024
General government gross debt i % of GDP 204.8%189th/189 · 2025 61.7%119th/189 · 2025
Government budget balance i % of GDP -0.7%52nd/192 · 2025 -4.9%147th/192 · 2025
Main industries
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i % of GDP 1.0%171st/197 · 2024 3.9%116th/197 · 2025
Industry incl. construction i % of GDP 26.8%71st/200 · 2024 30.6%51st/200 · 2025
Manufacturing i % of GDP 18.8%27th/192 · 2024 20.0%19th/192 · 2025
Services i % of GDP 71.4%30th/200 · 2024 58.9%93rd/200 · 2025
Trade
Exports of goods & services i USD $920.96 bn9th/182 · 2024 $726.56 bn16th/182 · 2025
Imports of goods & services i USD $958.38 bn6th/182 · 2024 $738.16 bn14th/182 · 2025
Exports i % of GDP 22.0%138th/183 · 2024 39.6%85th/183 · 2025
Imports i % of GDP 22.9%157th/183 · 2024 40.3%102nd/183 · 2025
Trade openness i % of GDP 44.9%154th/183 · 2024 79.9%94th/183 · 2025
Fuel exports i % of merchandise exports 1.2%115th/170 · 2025 3.0%87th/170 · 2025
Manufactures exports i % of merchandise exports 80.6%18th/171 · 2025 81.2%17th/171 · 2025
Food exports i % of merchandise exports 1.3%161st/171 · 2025 7.5%125th/171 · 2025
Ores & metals exports i % of merchandise exports 3.6%79th/171 · 2025 2.4%99th/171 · 2025
High-tech exports i % of manufactured exports 17.6%42nd/168 · 2024 19.3%34th/168 · 2024
Current account balance i % of GDP 4.9%37th/191 · 2025 -0.5%80th/191 · 2025
Foreign direct investment, inflows i % of GDP 1.0%141st/196 · 2025 2.4%85th/196 · 2025
Natural resources
Natural resource rents i % of GDP 0.0%163rd/209 · 2021 3.6%84th/209 · 2021
Oil rents i % of GDP 0.00%110th/197 · 2021 2.07%37th/197 · 2021
Natural gas rents i % of GDP 0.01%83rd/197 · 2021 0.09%61st/197 · 2021
Coal rents i % of GDP 0.00%63rd/195 · 2021 0.02%46th/195 · 2021
Mineral rents i % of GDP 0.01%85th/209 · 2021 1.36%40th/209 · 2021
Forest rents i % of GDP 0.03%138th/209 · 2021 0.11%113th/209 · 2021
Arable land i % of land area 11.0%96th/206 · 2024 10.3%103rd/206 · 2024
Renewable freshwater per person i m³ 3,43777th/183 · 2022 3,18080th/183 · 2022
Tourism
International tourist arrivals i arrivals 4.1 m43rd/194 · 2020 51.1 m3rd/194 · 2020
Tourism receipts i USD $11.40 bn16th/175 · 2020 $11.45 bn15th/175 · 2020
Tourism receipts i % of exports 1.4%142nd/168 · 2020 2.6%118th/168 · 2020
Outbound trips i departures 3.2 m37th/107 · 2020 36.1 m5th/107 · 2020
Society & health
Life expectancy i years 84.010th/217 · 2024 75.3105th/217 · 2024
Under-5 mortality i per 1,000 births 2.46th/196 · 2024 13.192nd/196 · 2024
Physicians i per 1,000 people 2.6569th/174 · 2022 2.5971st/174 · 2022
Hospital beds i per 1,000 people 12.62nd/145 · 2022 1.0117th/145 · 2022
DPT immunization i % of children 12–23 months 99%1st/193 · 2024 78%150th/193 · 2024
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i % of adults 98.6%14th/153 · 2020 69.0%84th/153 · 2024
Secondary enrolment i % gross 101.5%55th/173 · 2023 103.1%48th/173 · 2024
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i % of population — 48.2%32nd/55 · 2022
Old-age dependency ratio i % of working-age population 51.0%2nd/217 · 2025 12.6%111th/217 · 2025
Health spending i % of GDP 10.7%20th/193 · 2023 5.5%118th/193 · 2023
Adult literacy i % — 95.6%36th/98 · 2024
Tertiary enrolment i % gross 64.5%56th/150 · 2023 48.2%81st/150 · 2024
Human Development Index i index 0–1 0.92523rd/193 · 2023 0.78981st/193 · 2023
Income inequality (Gini) i index 32.32020 42.694th/108 · 2024
Extreme poverty i % of population 1.2%2020 1.6%57th/108 · 2024
Infrastructure & digital
Access to electricity i % of population 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 99.8%126th/215 · 2024
Safely managed drinking water i % of population 98.7%34th/150 · 2024 43.0%118th/150 · 2024
Safely managed sanitation i % of population 99.2%9th/144 · 2024 62.7%70th/144 · 2024
Internet users i % of population 85.5%80th/186 · 2024 83.1%89th/186 · 2024
Mobile subscriptions i per 100 people 17812th/210 · 2023 116102nd/210 · 2024
Fixed broadband i per 100 people 38.630th/208 · 2023 21.784th/208 · 2024
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) i score 1–5 4.205th/164 · 2022 2.8063rd/164 · 2022
Rail lines i route-km 20,0872011 —
Air passengers carried i passengers 120.3 m6th/161 · 2023 78.8 m15th/161 · 2023
Environment & energy
CO₂ emissions per person i t CO₂e 7.84176th/203 · 2024 3.64124th/203 · 2024
Renewable energy i % of final energy use 8.8%153rd/212 · 2021 13.0%127th/212 · 2021
Air pollution (PM2.5) i µg/m³ 11.557th/200 · 2023 16.696th/200 · 2023
Forest area i % of land area 68.3%20th/214 · 2024 34.2%100th/214 · 2024
Energy use per person i kg oil eq. 3,00434th/149 · 2024 1,49876th/149 · 2024
Institutions & safety
Government effectiveness i score 0–100 94.12nd/205 · 2025 48.6121st/205 · 2025
Control of corruption i score 0–100 77.422nd/207 · 2025 29.0164th/207 · 2025
Rule of law i score 0–100 84.017th/207 · 2025 39.4175th/207 · 2025
Political stability i score 0–100 87.719th/207 · 2025 55.0163rd/207 · 2025
Regulatory quality i score 0–100 76.520th/205 · 2025 51.5115th/205 · 2025
Voice & accountability i score 0–100 78.031st/205 · 2025 52.5119th/205 · 2025
Homicide rate i per 100,000 0.25th/145 · 2023 24.9131st/145 · 2023
Military
Military expenditure i USD $62.16 bn10th/156 · 2025 $13.65 bn30th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of GDP 1.4%92nd/156 · 2025 0.7%134th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of government spending 3.8%113th/154 · 2025 2.5%128th/154 · 2025
Armed forces personnel i people 261,00027th/170 · 2020 341,00019th/170 · 2020
Armed forces personnel i % of labour force 0.38%132nd/168 · 2020 0.64%99th/168 · 2020
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 1.7 bn5th/163 · 2025 9.0 m111th/163 · 2025
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 28.0 m40th/65 · 2025 1.0 m2019
Science & innovation
R&D spending i % of GDP 3.44%6th/110 · 2023 0.25%79th/110 · 2024
Patent applications by residents i applications 237,1693rd/137 · 2024 1,17228th/137 · 2024
Scientific articles i articles 96,5436th/197 · 2023 18,98226th/197 · 2023

Questions and answers

Which has more people, Japan or Mexico?

Mexico has the larger population: 131.9 m (2025) compared with 123.4 m for Japan (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.

Which is bigger by area, Japan or Mexico?

Mexico is larger: 1,957,194 km² (2024) compared with 377,975 km² for Japan (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.

Which economy is larger, Japan or Mexico?

Japan has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $6.84 trn intl. (2025) compared with $3.41 trn intl. for Mexico (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.

Which is richer per person, Japan or Mexico?

Japan has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $55,422 intl. (2025) compared with $25,868 intl. for Mexico (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.

Where do people live longer, in Japan or Mexico?

Japan has the higher life expectancy at birth: 84.0 years (2024) compared with 75.3 years for Mexico (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.

Which spends more on the military, Japan or Mexico?

Japan spends more on the military: $62.16 bn (2025) compared with $13.65 bn for Mexico (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.

Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Japan or Mexico?

Japan: 79.3 points (6th in the world); Mexico: 52.6 points (76th). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.

More comparisons

Sources

World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Japan vs Mexico — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/japan-vs-mexico. Data as of 26 October 2026.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Japan vs Mexico — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/japan-vs-mexico. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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