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Comparison · latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Compare / Colombia vs Mexico

Colombia vs Mexico

Side-by-side comparison of Colombia and Mexico from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean · nation age 216 years

NationsTree Index42.2120th of 196
Tree height19 m 
vs
18:23
indicators where each ranks higher

Mexico

Latin America & Caribbean · nation age 216 years

NationsTree Index52.676th of 196
Tree height35 m 
Open in the comparison tool Data as of 26 October 2026

In short

Mexico scores 52.6 in the NationsTree Index (76th in the world) and Colombia scores 42.2 (120th), a gap of 10.4 points. Their trees are 19 m and 35 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.

Mexico has 2.5 times the population of Colombia. Mexico has 72% more land area than Colombia. Mexico has an economy 2.8 times the size of Colombia (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Colombia 53.4 million and Mexico 131.9 million (2025).

GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $25,868 in Mexico and $22,640 in Colombia (2025, international dollars). People in Colombia live on average 2.6 years longer (77.9 vs 75.3 years).

Of 41 indicators reported by both countries, Colombia ranks higher in the world on 18 and Mexico on 23. Colombia is clearly stronger in military and environment & energy. Mexico is clearly stronger in tourism, main industries and trade.

Over the last five years Mexico improved faster (direction score 57 vs 11 out of 100).

Where they differ most

The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Colombia and Mexico.

Over time

How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.

NationsTree IndexColombiaMexico
3040506070 1993 1998 2003 2008 2013 2018 2023 2025

Mexico overtook Colombia in the NationsTree Index in 2022 and has stayed ahead since.

Colombia overtook Mexico in life expectancy in 2008 and has stayed ahead since.

Mexico has been ahead of Colombia in GDP per person (PPP), GDP (PPP) and population in every year since 1990.

Strength by category

Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i

All indicators

Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.

Indicator Colombia Mexico
Land & people
Surface area i km² 1,140,61925th/216 · 2024 1,957,19413th/216 · 2024
Land area i km² 1,109,50026th/216 · 2024 1,943,95013th/216 · 2024
Population i people 53.4 m28th/217 · 2025 131.9 m11th/217 · 2025
Population growth i % 1.01%102nd/217 · 2025 0.83%112th/217 · 2025
Population density i people/km² 47.7156th/216 · 2024 67.3138th/216 · 2024
Urban population i % 78.8%66th/217 · 2025 80.0%58th/217 · 2025
Population aged 0–14 i % 20.0%123rd/217 · 2025 24.1%102nd/217 · 2025
Population aged 65+ i % 10.2%97th/217 · 2025 8.5%113th/217 · 2025
Economy
GDP i USD $457.41 bn36th/210 · 2025 $1.83 trn14th/210 · 2025
GDP (PPP) i intl. USD $1.21 trn31st/199 · 2025 $3.41 trn13th/199 · 2025
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) i intl. USD 2021 $1.00 trn31st/199 · 2025 $2.89 trn13th/199 · 2025
GDP per person i USD $8,562109th/210 · 2025 $13,88992nd/210 · 2025
GDP per person (PPP) i intl. USD $22,64098th/199 · 2025 $25,86890th/199 · 2025
GNI per person (Atlas) i USD $7,900103rd/201 · 2025 $13,73082nd/201 · 2025
GDP growth i % 2.6%129th/210 · 2025 0.6%186th/210 · 2025
Inflation i % 5.1%139th/180 · 2025 3.8%113th/180 · 2025
Unemployment i % 8.3%133rd/187 · 2025 2.7%27th/187 · 2025
Central government debt i % of GDP 71.2%38th/55 · 2024 50.3%24th/55 · 2024
General government gross debt i % of GDP 59.9%115th/189 · 2025 61.7%119th/189 · 2025
Government budget balance i % of GDP -5.8%161st/192 · 2025 -4.9%147th/192 · 2025
Main industries
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i % of GDP 9.9%70th/197 · 2025 3.9%116th/197 · 2025
Industry incl. construction i % of GDP 21.8%117th/200 · 2025 30.6%51st/200 · 2025
Manufacturing i % of GDP 9.9%103rd/192 · 2025 20.0%19th/192 · 2025
Services i % of GDP 58.5%97th/200 · 2025 58.9%93rd/200 · 2025
Trade
Exports of goods & services i USD $68.54 bn57th/182 · 2025 $726.56 bn16th/182 · 2025
Imports of goods & services i USD $93.24 bn52nd/182 · 2025 $738.16 bn14th/182 · 2025
Exports i % of GDP 15.0%162nd/183 · 2025 39.6%85th/183 · 2025
Imports i % of GDP 20.4%165th/183 · 2025 40.3%102nd/183 · 2025
Trade openness i % of GDP 35.4%169th/183 · 2025 79.9%94th/183 · 2025
Fuel exports i % of merchandise exports 34.9%27th/170 · 2025 3.0%87th/170 · 2025
Manufactures exports i % of merchandise exports 22.1%101st/171 · 2025 81.2%17th/171 · 2025
Food exports i % of merchandise exports 25.4%56th/171 · 2025 7.5%125th/171 · 2025
Ores & metals exports i % of merchandise exports 3.3%83rd/171 · 2025 2.4%99th/171 · 2025
High-tech exports i % of manufactured exports 9.0%72nd/168 · 2024 19.3%34th/168 · 2024
Current account balance i % of GDP -2.4%103rd/191 · 2025 -0.5%80th/191 · 2025
Foreign direct investment, inflows i % of GDP 2.5%82nd/196 · 2025 2.4%85th/196 · 2025
Natural resources
Natural resource rents i % of GDP 5.3%70th/209 · 2021 3.6%84th/209 · 2021
Oil rents i % of GDP 3.42%30th/197 · 2021 2.07%37th/197 · 2021
Natural gas rents i % of GDP 0.18%54th/197 · 2021 0.09%61st/197 · 2021
Coal rents i % of GDP 0.73%9th/195 · 2021 0.02%46th/195 · 2021
Mineral rents i % of GDP 0.91%47th/209 · 2021 1.36%40th/209 · 2021
Forest rents i % of GDP 0.09%115th/209 · 2021 0.11%113th/209 · 2021
Arable land i % of land area 2.7%160th/206 · 2024 10.3%103rd/206 · 2024
Renewable freshwater per person i m³ 41,45913th/183 · 2022 3,18080th/183 · 2022
Tourism
International tourist arrivals i arrivals 1.4 m83rd/194 · 2020 51.1 m3rd/194 · 2020
Tourism receipts i USD $1.96 bn50th/175 · 2020 $11.45 bn15th/175 · 2020
Tourism receipts i % of exports 5.1%84th/168 · 2020 2.6%118th/168 · 2020
Outbound trips i departures 1.3 m61st/107 · 2020 36.1 m5th/107 · 2020
Society & health
Life expectancy i years 77.974th/217 · 2024 75.3105th/217 · 2024
Under-5 mortality i per 1,000 births 11.584th/196 · 2024 13.192nd/196 · 2024
Physicians i per 1,000 people 2.5473rd/174 · 2023 2.5971st/174 · 2022
Hospital beds i per 1,000 people 1.796th/145 · 2020 1.0117th/145 · 2022
DPT immunization i % of children 12–23 months 89%110th/193 · 2024 78%150th/193 · 2024
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i % of adults 62.7%97th/153 · 2024 69.0%84th/153 · 2024
Secondary enrolment i % gross 101.6%54th/173 · 2022 103.1%48th/173 · 2024
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i % of population 41.0%35th/55 · 2022 48.2%32nd/55 · 2022
Old-age dependency ratio i % of working-age population 14.6%100th/217 · 2025 12.6%111th/217 · 2025
Health spending i % of GDP 8.1%59th/193 · 2024 5.5%118th/193 · 2023
Adult literacy i % 95.3%37th/98 · 2024 95.6%36th/98 · 2024
Tertiary enrolment i % gross 59.3%61st/150 · 2022 48.2%81st/150 · 2024
Human Development Index i index 0–1 0.78883rd/193 · 2023 0.78981st/193 · 2023
Income inequality (Gini) i index 54.4108th/108 · 2024 42.694th/108 · 2024
Extreme poverty i % of population 8.5%82nd/108 · 2024 1.6%57th/108 · 2024
Infrastructure & digital
Access to electricity i % of population 98.9%137th/215 · 2024 99.8%126th/215 · 2024
Safely managed drinking water i % of population 74.3%83rd/150 · 2024 43.0%118th/150 · 2024
Safely managed sanitation i % of population 18.7%129th/144 · 2024 62.7%70th/144 · 2024
Internet users i % of population 79.3%104th/186 · 2024 83.1%89th/186 · 2024
Mobile subscriptions i per 100 people 17415th/210 · 2024 116102nd/210 · 2024
Fixed broadband i per 100 people 17.296th/208 · 2024 21.784th/208 · 2024
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) i score 1–5 2.9058th/164 · 2022 2.8063rd/164 · 2022
Air passengers carried i passengers 42.4 m26th/161 · 2023 78.8 m15th/161 · 2023
Environment & energy
CO₂ emissions per person i t CO₂e 1.8085th/203 · 2024 3.64124th/203 · 2024
Renewable energy i % of final energy use 29.7%81st/212 · 2021 13.0%127th/212 · 2021
Air pollution (PM2.5) i µg/m³ 18.4103rd/200 · 2023 16.696th/200 · 2023
Forest area i % of land area 53.7%45th/214 · 2024 34.2%100th/214 · 2024
Energy use per person i kg oil eq. 84497th/149 · 2024 1,49876th/149 · 2024
Institutions & safety
Government effectiveness i score 0–100 50.4115th/205 · 2025 48.6121st/205 · 2025
Control of corruption i score 0–100 41.8117th/207 · 2025 29.0164th/207 · 2025
Rule of law i score 0–100 48.3140th/207 · 2025 39.4175th/207 · 2025
Political stability i score 0–100 48.9180th/207 · 2025 55.0163rd/207 · 2025
Regulatory quality i score 0–100 52.1113th/205 · 2025 51.5115th/205 · 2025
Voice & accountability i score 0–100 58.5100th/205 · 2025 52.5119th/205 · 2025
Homicide rate i per 100,000 24.9132nd/145 · 2023 24.9131st/145 · 2023
Military
Military expenditure i USD $14.50 bn29th/156 · 2025 $13.65 bn30th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of GDP 3.2%25th/156 · 2025 0.7%134th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of government spending 9.3%33rd/154 · 2025 2.5%128th/154 · 2025
Armed forces personnel i people 428,00017th/170 · 2020 341,00019th/170 · 2020
Armed forces personnel i % of labour force 1.70%35th/168 · 2020 0.64%99th/168 · 2020
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 22.0 m87th/163 · 2025 9.0 m111th/163 · 2025
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 4.0 m2020 1.0 m2019
Science & innovation
R&D spending i % of GDP 0.29%73rd/110 · 2020 0.25%79th/110 · 2024
Patent applications by residents i applications 27057th/137 · 2024 1,17228th/137 · 2024
Scientific articles i articles 9,18445th/197 · 2023 18,98226th/197 · 2023

Questions and answers

Which has more people, Colombia or Mexico?

Mexico has the larger population: 131.9 m (2025) compared with 53.4 m for Colombia (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.

Which is bigger by area, Colombia or Mexico?

Mexico is larger: 1,957,194 km² (2024) compared with 1,140,619 km² for Colombia (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.

Which economy is larger, Colombia or Mexico?

Mexico has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $3.41 trn intl. (2025) compared with $1.21 trn intl. for Colombia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.

Which is richer per person, Colombia or Mexico?

Mexico has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $25,868 intl. (2025) compared with $22,640 intl. for Colombia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.

Where do people live longer, in Colombia or Mexico?

Colombia has the higher life expectancy at birth: 77.9 years (2024) compared with 75.3 years for Mexico (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.

Which spends more on the military, Colombia or Mexico?

Colombia spends more on the military: $14.50 bn (2025) compared with $13.65 bn for Mexico (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.

Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Colombia or Mexico?

Mexico: 52.6 points (76th in the world); Colombia: 42.2 points (120th). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.

More comparisons

Sources

World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Colombia vs Mexico — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/colombia-vs-mexico. Data as of 26 October 2026.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Colombia vs Mexico — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/colombia-vs-mexico. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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