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Czechia vs Portugal
Side-by-side comparison of Czechia and Portugal from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.
Czechia
Europe & Central Asia · nation age 1,156 years
Portugal
Europe & Central Asia · nation age 887 years
In short
Portugal scores 76.7 in the NationsTree Index (13th in the world) and Czechia scores 73.5 (24th), a gap of 3.2 points. Their trees are 17 m and 16 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.
Czechia and Portugal have a similar population. Portugal has 17% more land area than Czechia. The economy of Czechia is 15% larger than that of Portugal (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Czechia 10.9 million and Portugal 10.8 million (2025).
GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $60,487 in Czechia and $53,146 in Portugal (2025, international dollars). People in Portugal live on average 2.4 years longer (82.4 vs 80.0 years).
Of 37 indicators reported by both countries, Czechia ranks higher in the world on 20 and Portugal on 17. Czechia is clearly stronger in main industries and economy.
As a nation, Czechia is the older of the two (statehood since 870, 1,156 years), compared with Portugal (since 1139). Over the last five years Portugal improved faster (direction score 73 vs 29 out of 100).
Where they differ most
The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Czechia and Portugal.
Czechia
86%
125th of 193
Portugalbetter
99%
1st of 193
Completed lower secondary, 25+Society & health
Czechiabetter
99.9%
2nd of 153
Portugal
64.5%
93rd of 153
General government gross debtEconomy
Czechiabetter
44.2%
72nd of 189
Portugal
89.7%
159th of 189
UnemploymentEconomy
Czechiabetter
2.8%
34th of 187
Portugal
6.2%
113th of 187
High-tech exportsTrade
Czechiabetter
22.4%
30th of 168
Portugal
6.8%
85th of 168
Over time
How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.
Portugal overtook Czechia in the NationsTree Index in 2021 and has stayed ahead since.
Czechia overtook Portugal in population in 2013 and has stayed ahead since.
Czechia overtook Portugal in GDP (PPP) in 2008 and has stayed ahead since.
Czechia overtook Portugal in GDP per person (PPP) in 2007 and has stayed ahead since.
Portugal has been ahead of Czechia in life expectancy in every year since 1990.
Strength by category
Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i
CzechiaPortugal All indicators
Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.
| Indicator | Czechia | Portugal |
|---|---|---|
| Land & people | ||
| Surface area km² | 78,871118th/216 · 2024 | 92,230112th/216 · 2024 |
| Land area km² | 77,156115th/216 · 2024 | 91,606109th/216 · 2024 |
| Population people | 10.9 m88th/217 · 2025 | 10.8 m89th/217 · 2025 |
| Population growth % | -0.17%187th/217 · 2025 | 1.03%101st/217 · 2025 |
| Population density people/km² | 141.382nd/216 · 2024 | 116.794th/216 · 2024 |
| Urban population % | 72.9%79th/217 · 2025 | 61.5%122nd/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 0–14 % | 15.1%177th/217 · 2025 | 12.7%208th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 65+ % | 21.2%24th/217 · 2025 | 24.9%5th/217 · 2025 |
| Economy | ||
| GDP USD | $391.03 bn42nd/210 · 2025 | $346.64 bn46th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP (PPP) intl. USD | $658.52 bn46th/199 · 2025 | $574.23 bn51st/199 · 2025 |
| Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) intl. USD 2021 | $536.64 bn47th/199 · 2025 | $460.04 bn51st/199 · 2025 |
| GDP per person USD | $35,91749th/210 · 2025 | $32,08256th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP per person (PPP) intl. USD | $60,48737th/199 · 2025 | $53,14647th/199 · 2025 |
| GNI per person (Atlas) USD | $32,96045th/201 · 2025 | $29,93049th/201 · 2025 |
| GDP growth % | 2.6%130th/210 · 2025 | 1.9%150th/210 · 2025 |
| Inflation % | 2.5%77th/180 · 2025 | 2.3%69th/180 · 2025 |
| Unemployment % | 2.8%34th/187 · 2025 | 6.2%113th/187 · 2025 |
| Central government debt % of GDP | 14.0%1994 | 5.7%1994 |
| General government gross debt % of GDP | 44.2%72nd/189 · 2025 | 89.7%159th/189 · 2025 |
| Government budget balance % of GDP | -2.1%79th/192 · 2025 | 0.7%29th/192 · 2025 |
| Main industries | ||
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing % of GDP | 1.9%147th/197 · 2025 | 2.0%146th/197 · 2025 |
| Industry incl. construction % of GDP | 28.7%60th/200 · 2025 | 18.3%138th/200 · 2025 |
| Manufacturing % of GDP | 19.4%23rd/192 · 2025 | 11.3%84th/192 · 2025 |
| Services % of GDP | 60.8%80th/200 · 2025 | 66.6%47th/200 · 2025 |
| Trade | ||
| Exports of goods & services USD | $261.77 bn33rd/182 · 2025 | $151.34 bn40th/182 · 2025 |
| Imports of goods & services USD | $238.90 bn33rd/182 · 2025 | $148.16 bn40th/182 · 2025 |
| Exports % of GDP | 66.9%33rd/183 · 2025 | 43.7%67th/183 · 2025 |
| Imports % of GDP | 61.1%53rd/183 · 2025 | 42.7%95th/183 · 2025 |
| Trade openness % of GDP | 128.0%37th/183 · 2025 | 86.4%84th/183 · 2025 |
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 1.9%102nd/170 · 2025 | 5.1%74th/170 · 2025 |
| Manufactures exports % of merchandise exports | 90.0%5th/171 · 2025 | 75.3%31st/171 · 2025 |
| Food exports % of merchandise exports | 5.5%138th/171 · 2025 | 14.4%93rd/171 · 2025 |
| Ores & metals exports % of merchandise exports | 1.4%124th/171 · 2025 | 2.7%90th/171 · 2025 |
| High-tech exports % of manufactured exports | 22.4%30th/168 · 2024 | 6.8%85th/168 · 2024 |
| Current account balance % of GDP | 0.7%70th/191 · 2025 | 1.2%66th/191 · 2025 |
| Foreign direct investment, inflows % of GDP | 2.7%77th/196 · 2025 | 3.5%62nd/196 · 2025 |
| Natural resources | ||
| Natural resource rents % of GDP | 0.4%138th/209 · 2021 | 0.3%144th/209 · 2021 |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 0.01%107th/197 · 2021 | 0.05%83rd/197 · 2021 |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 0.01%79th/197 · 2021 | 0.00%100th/197 · 2021 |
| Coal rents % of GDP | 0.09%31st/195 · 2021 | 0.00%68th/195 · 2021 |
| Mineral rents % of GDP | 0.00%91st/209 · 2021 | 0.15%66th/209 · 2021 |
| Forest rents % of GDP | 0.28%84th/209 · 2021 | 0.09%114th/209 · 2021 |
| Arable land % of land area | 32.7%23rd/206 · 2024 | 9.3%108th/206 · 2024 |
| Renewable freshwater per person m³ | 1,232121st/183 · 2022 | 3,64274th/183 · 2022 |
| Tourism | ||
| International tourist arrivals arrivals | 37.2 m7th/194 · 2019 | 4.2 m41st/194 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts USD | $3.89 bn36th/175 · 2020 | $10.52 bn19th/175 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts % of exports | 2.3%124th/168 · 2020 | 12.2%50th/168 · 2020 |
| Outbound trips departures | 2.4 m45th/107 · 2020 | 680,00071st/107 · 2020 |
| Society & health | ||
| Life expectancy years | 80.053rd/217 · 2024 | 82.429th/217 · 2024 |
| Under-5 mortality per 1,000 births | 2.613th/196 · 2024 | 3.220th/196 · 2024 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people | 4.3522nd/174 · 2022 | 5.855th/174 · 2022 |
| Hospital beds per 1,000 people | 6.511th/145 · 2022 | 3.549th/145 · 2022 |
| DPT immunization % of children 12–23 months | 86%125th/193 · 2024 | 99%1st/193 · 2024 |
| Completed lower secondary, 25+ % of adults | 99.9%2nd/153 · 2023 | 64.5%93rd/153 · 2024 |
| Secondary enrolment % gross | 97.6%71st/173 · 2023 | 120.3%15th/173 · 2023 |
| Old-age dependency ratio % of working-age population | 33.2%24th/217 · 2025 | 40.0%3rd/217 · 2025 |
| Health spending % of GDP | 8.5%51st/193 · 2024 | 10.2%27th/193 · 2024 |
| Adult literacy % | — | 94.5%2011 |
| Tertiary enrolment % gross | 66.7%54th/150 · 2023 | 77.7%32nd/150 · 2023 |
| Human Development Index index 0–1 | 0.91529th/193 · 2023 | 0.89040th/193 · 2023 |
| Income inequality (Gini) index | 25.75th/108 · 2023 | 33.952nd/108 · 2023 |
| Extreme poverty % of population | 0.0%1st/108 · 2023 | 0.4%27th/108 · 2023 |
| Infrastructure & digital | ||
| Access to electricity % of population | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 |
| Safely managed drinking water % of population | 98.1%37th/150 · 2024 | 95.2%51st/150 · 2024 |
| Safely managed sanitation % of population | 91.4%34th/144 · 2024 | 93.9%27th/144 · 2024 |
| Internet users % of population | 87.7%72nd/186 · 2024 | 88.5%68th/186 · 2024 |
| Mobile subscriptions per 100 people | 12768th/210 · 2024 | 12479th/210 · 2024 |
| Fixed broadband per 100 people | 38.928th/208 · 2024 | 45.213th/208 · 2024 |
| Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) score 1–5 | 3.0054th/164 · 2022 | 3.6029th/164 · 2022 |
| Rail lines route-km | 9,35720th/82 · 2021 | 2,52747th/82 · 2021 |
| Air passengers carried passengers | 2.2 m77th/161 · 2023 | 18.3 m37th/161 · 2023 |
| Environment & energy | ||
| CO₂ emissions per person t CO₂e | 7.13170th/203 · 2024 | 3.32114th/203 · 2024 |
| Renewable energy % of final energy use | 17.2%117th/212 · 2021 | 32.3%77th/212 · 2021 |
| Air pollution (PM2.5) µg/m³ | 12.765th/200 · 2023 | 8.837th/200 · 2023 |
| Forest area % of land area | 38.4%85th/214 · 2024 | 36.6%90th/214 · 2024 |
| Energy use per person kg oil eq. | 3,41727th/149 · 2024 | 1,81863rd/149 · 2024 |
| Institutions & safety | ||
| Government effectiveness score 0–100 | 77.827th/205 · 2025 | 73.339th/205 · 2025 |
| Control of corruption score 0–100 | 63.847th/207 · 2025 | 63.648th/207 · 2025 |
| Rule of law score 0–100 | 77.931st/207 · 2025 | 75.934th/207 · 2025 |
| Political stability score 0–100 | 83.540th/207 · 2025 | 77.965th/207 · 2025 |
| Regulatory quality score 0–100 | 74.026th/205 · 2025 | 65.154th/205 · 2025 |
| Voice & accountability score 0–100 | 79.324th/205 · 2025 | 81.120th/205 · 2025 |
| Homicide rate per 100,000 | 0.828th/145 · 2023 | 0.724th/145 · 2022 |
| Military | ||
| Military expenditure USD | $7.05 bn39th/156 · 2025 | $5.86 bn46th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of GDP | 1.8%75th/156 · 2025 | 1.7%79th/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of government spending | 4.2%101st/154 · 2025 | 4.0%110th/154 · 2025 |
| Armed forces personnel people | 27,00091st/170 · 2020 | 52,00068th/170 · 2020 |
| Armed forces personnel % of labour force | 0.51%115th/168 · 2020 | 1.01%67th/168 · 2020 |
| Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 19.0 m91st/163 · 2025 | 90.0 m50th/163 · 2025 |
| Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 137.0 m19th/65 · 2025 | 1.0 m61st/65 · 2025 |
| Science & innovation | ||
| R&D spending % of GDP | 1.83%22nd/110 · 2023 | 1.69%25th/110 · 2023 |
| Patent applications by residents applications | 46347th/137 · 2024 | 74338th/137 · 2024 |
| Scientific articles articles | 13,40938th/197 · 2023 | 18,22527th/197 · 2023 |
Questions and answers
Which has more people, Czechia or Portugal?
Czechia has the larger population: 10.9 m (2025) compared with 10.8 m for Portugal (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.
Which is bigger by area, Czechia or Portugal?
Portugal is larger: 92,230 km² (2024) compared with 78,871 km² for Czechia (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.
Which economy is larger, Czechia or Portugal?
Czechia has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $658.52 bn intl. (2025) compared with $574.23 bn intl. for Portugal (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.
Which is richer per person, Czechia or Portugal?
Czechia has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $60,487 intl. (2025) compared with $53,146 intl. for Portugal (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.
Where do people live longer, in Czechia or Portugal?
Portugal has the higher life expectancy at birth: 82.4 years (2024) compared with 80.0 years for Czechia (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.
Which spends more on the military, Czechia or Portugal?
Czechia spends more on the military: $7.05 bn (2025) compared with $5.86 bn for Portugal (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.
Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Czechia or Portugal?
Portugal: 76.7 points (13th in the world); Czechia: 73.5 points (24th). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.
Norway
Ukraine
Denmark
Greece
Hungary
UzbekistanSources
World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Czechia vs Portugal — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/czechia-vs-portugal. Data as of 26 October 2026.