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Comparison · latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Compare / Brazil vs Colombia

Brazil vs Colombia

Side-by-side comparison of Brazil and Colombia from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.

Brazil

Latin America & Caribbean · nation age 204 years

NationsTree Index51.482nd of 196
Tree height42 m 
vs
28:13
indicators where each ranks higher

Colombia

Latin America & Caribbean · nation age 216 years

NationsTree Index42.2120th of 196
Tree height19 m 
Open in the comparison tool Data as of 26 October 2026

In short

Brazil scores 51.4 in the NationsTree Index (82nd in the world) and Colombia scores 42.2 (120th), a gap of 9.2 points. Their trees are 42 m and 19 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.

Brazil has 4.0 times the population of Colombia. Brazil is 7.5 times larger than Colombia by land area. Brazil has an economy 4.1 times the size of Colombia (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Brazil 212.8 million and Colombia 53.4 million (2025).

GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $23,433 in Brazil and $22,640 in Colombia (2025, international dollars). People in Colombia live on average 1.9 years longer (77.9 vs 76.0 years).

Of 41 indicators reported by both countries, Brazil ranks higher in the world on 28 and Colombia on 13. Brazil is clearly stronger in science & innovation, tourism and environment & energy. Colombia is clearly stronger in military.

As a nation, Colombia is the older of the two (statehood since 1810, 216 years), compared with Brazil (since 1822). Over the last five years Brazil improved faster (direction score 13 vs 11 out of 100).

Where they differ most

The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Brazil and Colombia.

Over time

How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.

NationsTree IndexBrazilColombia
3040506070 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

Brazil overtook Colombia in GDP per person (PPP) in 2025, the latest year with data.

Colombia overtook Brazil in life expectancy in 2022 and has stayed ahead since.

Brazil has been ahead of Colombia in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1995.

Brazil has been ahead of Colombia in GDP (PPP) and population in every year since 1990.

Strength by category

Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i

All indicators

Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.

Indicator Brazil Colombia
Land & people
Surface area i km² 8,510,4205th/216 · 2024 1,140,61925th/216 · 2024
Land area i km² 8,358,1405th/216 · 2024 1,109,50026th/216 · 2024
Population i people 212.8 m7th/217 · 2025 53.4 m28th/217 · 2025
Population growth i % 0.38%150th/217 · 2025 1.01%102nd/217 · 2025
Population density i people/km² 25.4181st/216 · 2024 47.7156th/216 · 2024
Urban population i % 88.2%39th/217 · 2025 78.8%66th/217 · 2025
Population aged 0–14 i % 19.4%128th/217 · 2025 20.0%123rd/217 · 2025
Population aged 65+ i % 11.5%92nd/217 · 2025 10.2%97th/217 · 2025
Economy
GDP i USD $2.28 trn11th/210 · 2025 $457.41 bn36th/210 · 2025
GDP (PPP) i intl. USD $4.99 trn8th/199 · 2025 $1.21 trn31st/199 · 2025
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) i intl. USD 2021 $4.26 trn8th/199 · 2025 $1.00 trn31st/199 · 2025
GDP per person i USD $10,713101st/210 · 2025 $8,562109th/210 · 2025
GDP per person (PPP) i intl. USD $23,43393rd/199 · 2025 $22,64098th/199 · 2025
GNI per person (Atlas) i USD $10,55092nd/201 · 2025 $7,900103rd/201 · 2025
GDP growth i % 2.3%137th/210 · 2025 2.6%129th/210 · 2025
Inflation i % 5.0%138th/180 · 2025 5.1%139th/180 · 2025
Unemployment i % 6.0%109th/187 · 2025 8.3%133rd/187 · 2025
Central government debt i % of GDP 81.9%43rd/55 · 2024 71.2%38th/55 · 2024
General government gross debt i % of GDP 93.3%161st/189 · 2025 59.9%115th/189 · 2025
Government budget balance i % of GDP -7.4%175th/192 · 2025 -5.8%161st/192 · 2025
Main industries
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i % of GDP 6.1%99th/197 · 2025 9.9%70th/197 · 2025
Industry incl. construction i % of GDP 20.1%124th/200 · 2025 21.8%117th/200 · 2025
Manufacturing i % of GDP 11.8%81st/192 · 2025 9.9%103rd/192 · 2025
Services i % of GDP 59.7%88th/200 · 2025 58.5%97th/200 · 2025
Trade
Exports of goods & services i USD $406.30 bn25th/182 · 2025 $68.54 bn57th/182 · 2025
Imports of goods & services i USD $398.32 bn24th/182 · 2025 $93.24 bn52nd/182 · 2025
Exports i % of GDP 17.8%153rd/183 · 2025 15.0%162nd/183 · 2025
Imports i % of GDP 17.5%171st/183 · 2025 20.4%165th/183 · 2025
Trade openness i % of GDP 35.3%170th/183 · 2025 35.4%169th/183 · 2025
Fuel exports i % of merchandise exports 16.1%39th/170 · 2025 34.9%27th/170 · 2025
Manufactures exports i % of merchandise exports 23.8%99th/171 · 2025 22.1%101st/171 · 2025
Food exports i % of merchandise exports 40.7%40th/171 · 2025 25.4%56th/171 · 2025
Ores & metals exports i % of merchandise exports 12.2%36th/171 · 2025 3.3%83rd/171 · 2025
High-tech exports i % of manufactured exports 11.1%58th/168 · 2024 9.0%72nd/168 · 2024
Current account balance i % of GDP -2.9%115th/191 · 2025 -2.4%103rd/191 · 2025
Foreign direct investment, inflows i % of GDP 3.4%63rd/196 · 2025 2.5%82nd/196 · 2025
Natural resources
Natural resource rents i % of GDP 7.9%53rd/209 · 2021 5.3%70th/209 · 2021
Oil rents i % of GDP 2.60%35th/197 · 2021 3.42%30th/197 · 2021
Natural gas rents i % of GDP 0.07%63rd/197 · 2021 0.18%54th/197 · 2021
Coal rents i % of GDP 0.01%49th/195 · 2021 0.73%9th/195 · 2021
Mineral rents i % of GDP 4.49%24th/209 · 2021 0.91%47th/209 · 2021
Forest rents i % of GDP 0.76%60th/209 · 2021 0.09%115th/209 · 2021
Arable land i % of land area 6.7%124th/206 · 2024 2.7%160th/206 · 2024
Renewable freshwater per person i m³ 26,91824th/183 · 2022 41,45913th/183 · 2022
Tourism
International tourist arrivals i arrivals 6.4 m32nd/194 · 2019 1.4 m83rd/194 · 2020
Tourism receipts i USD $3.10 bn40th/175 · 2020 $1.96 bn50th/175 · 2020
Tourism receipts i % of exports 1.3%144th/168 · 2020 5.1%84th/168 · 2020
Outbound trips i departures 10.6 m18th/107 · 2018 1.3 m61st/107 · 2020
Society & health
Life expectancy i years 76.099th/217 · 2024 77.974th/217 · 2024
Under-5 mortality i per 1,000 births 14.297th/196 · 2024 11.584th/196 · 2024
Physicians i per 1,000 people 2.3675th/174 · 2023 2.5473rd/174 · 2023
Hospital beds i per 1,000 people 2.571st/145 · 2021 1.796th/145 · 2020
DPT immunization i % of children 12–23 months 91%93rd/193 · 2024 89%110th/193 · 2024
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i % of adults 67.2%86th/153 · 2023 62.7%97th/153 · 2024
Secondary enrolment i % gross 104.1%45th/173 · 2024 101.6%54th/173 · 2022
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i % of population 52.3%28th/55 · 2022 41.0%35th/55 · 2022
Old-age dependency ratio i % of working-age population 16.6%91st/217 · 2025 14.6%100th/217 · 2025
Health spending i % of GDP 9.7%31st/193 · 2023 8.1%59th/193 · 2024
Adult literacy i % 94.7%39th/98 · 2024 95.3%37th/98 · 2024
Tertiary enrolment i % gross 69.7%49th/150 · 2024 59.3%61st/150 · 2022
Human Development Index i index 0–1 0.78684th/193 · 2023 0.78883rd/193 · 2023
Income inequality (Gini) i index 50.3105th/108 · 2024 54.4108th/108 · 2024
Extreme poverty i % of population 3.0%69th/108 · 2024 8.5%82nd/108 · 2024
Infrastructure & digital
Access to electricity i % of population 99.8%126th/215 · 2024 98.9%137th/215 · 2024
Safely managed drinking water i % of population 88.6%65th/150 · 2024 74.3%83rd/150 · 2024
Safely managed sanitation i % of population 55.0%79th/144 · 2024 18.7%129th/144 · 2024
Internet users i % of population 84.5%84th/186 · 2024 79.3%104th/186 · 2024
Mobile subscriptions i per 100 people 102135th/210 · 2024 17415th/210 · 2024
Fixed broadband i per 100 people 24.178th/208 · 2024 17.296th/208 · 2024
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) i score 1–5 3.2046th/164 · 2022 2.9058th/164 · 2022
Rail lines i route-km 32,6222007 —
Air passengers carried i passengers 95.4 m10th/161 · 2023 42.4 m26th/161 · 2023
Environment & energy
CO₂ emissions per person i t CO₂e 2.3295th/203 · 2024 1.8085th/203 · 2024
Renewable energy i % of final energy use 46.5%53rd/212 · 2021 29.7%81st/212 · 2021
Air pollution (PM2.5) i µg/m³ 13.468th/200 · 2023 18.4103rd/200 · 2023
Forest area i % of land area 58.5%34th/214 · 2024 53.7%45th/214 · 2024
Energy use per person i kg oil eq. 1,52874th/149 · 2024 84497th/149 · 2024
Institutions & safety
Government effectiveness i score 0–100 51.6111th/205 · 2025 50.4115th/205 · 2025
Control of corruption i score 0–100 40.4123rd/207 · 2025 41.8117th/207 · 2025
Rule of law i score 0–100 50.6134th/207 · 2025 48.3140th/207 · 2025
Political stability i score 0–100 58.9143rd/207 · 2025 48.9180th/207 · 2025
Regulatory quality i score 0–100 47.9131st/205 · 2025 52.1113th/205 · 2025
Voice & accountability i score 0–100 65.576th/205 · 2025 58.5100th/205 · 2025
Homicide rate i per 100,000 19.3129th/145 · 2023 24.9132nd/145 · 2023
Military
Military expenditure i USD $23.95 bn21st/156 · 2025 $14.50 bn29th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of GDP 1.1%111th/156 · 2025 3.2%25th/156 · 2025
Military expenditure i % of government spending 2.2%138th/154 · 2025 9.3%33rd/154 · 2025
Armed forces personnel i people 762,0008th/170 · 2020 428,00017th/170 · 2020
Armed forces personnel i % of labour force 0.76%90th/168 · 2020 1.70%35th/168 · 2020
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 462.0 m23rd/163 · 2025 22.0 m87th/163 · 2025
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) i TIV 153.0 m18th/65 · 2025 4.0 m2020
Science & innovation
R&D spending i % of GDP 1.19%36th/110 · 2023 0.29%73rd/110 · 2020
Patent applications by residents i applications 5,75214th/137 · 2024 27057th/137 · 2024
Scientific articles i articles 58,29213th/197 · 2023 9,18445th/197 · 2023

Questions and answers

Which has more people, Brazil or Colombia?

Brazil has the larger population: 212.8 m (2025) compared with 53.4 m for Colombia (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.

Which is bigger by area, Brazil or Colombia?

Brazil is larger: 8,510,420 km² (2024) compared with 1,140,619 km² for Colombia (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.

Which economy is larger, Brazil or Colombia?

Brazil has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $4.99 trn intl. (2025) compared with $1.21 trn intl. for Colombia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.

Which is richer per person, Brazil or Colombia?

Brazil has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $23,433 intl. (2025) compared with $22,640 intl. for Colombia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.

Where do people live longer, in Brazil or Colombia?

Colombia has the higher life expectancy at birth: 77.9 years (2024) compared with 76.0 years for Brazil (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.

Which spends more on the military, Brazil or Colombia?

Brazil spends more on the military: $23.95 bn (2025) compared with $14.50 bn for Colombia (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.

Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Brazil or Colombia?

Brazil: 51.4 points (82nd in the world); Colombia: 42.2 points (120th). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.

More comparisons

Sources

World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Brazil vs Colombia — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/brazil-vs-colombia. Data as of 26 October 2026.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Brazil vs Colombia — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/brazil-vs-colombia. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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