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Spain · data for latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Countries / Spain
2025
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Spain

Europe & Central Asia Capital Madrid High income Nation age 547 years (since 1479) i ESP · ES
NationsTree Index 2025 i75.917th of 196 Tree height 2025 i36 msee ranking Military strength i85percentile
Population i49.4 m32nd of 217 Area i505,981 km²53rd of 216 GDP i$1.91 trn12th of 210 GDP (PPP) i$2.95 trn intl.15th of 199 GDP per person (PPP) i$59,868 intl.38th of 199 Life expectancy i83.9 years12th of 217
Index pillars
Foundations · roots i80
Strength · trunk i86
Quality of life · crown i80
Problems (higher = fewer) · dry branches i64
Direction (5-year change) · new shoots i63
CSV

In short

Spain is 17th of 196 countries in the NationsTree Index, with a score of 75.9 out of 100; its tree is 36 m tall.

It has 49.4 million people and an economy of $2.95 trn at purchasing power parity, 15th of 199 in the world.

Its strongest positions: Access to electricity (1st of 215), Life expectancy (12th of 217) and Tertiary enrolment (13th of 150).

Its weakest positions: General government gross debt (169th of 189), Central government debt (49th of 55) and Unemployment (151st of 187).

Over five years it climbed from 31st to 17th in the index.

All data

Data as of 26 October 2026

Latest available value for each indicator, with its year. World rank is among countries with recent data (last 5 years of the series).

Land & people

64
Surface area ikm² 505,981 53rd/216
Land area ikm² 499,686 51st/216
Population ipeople 49.4 m 32nd/217
Population growth i% 1.03% 100th/217
Population density ipeople/km² 97.8 107th/216
Urban population i% 80.5% 55th/217
Population aged 0–14 i% 12.6% 209th/217
Population aged 65+ i% 21.6% 22nd/217

Economy

60
GDP iUSD $1.91 trn 12th/210
GDP (PPP) iintl. USD $2.95 trn 15th/199
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) iintl. USD 2021 $2.43 trn 15th/199
GDP per person iUSD $38,627 43rd/210
GDP per person (PPP) iintl. USD $59,868 38th/199
GNI per person (Atlas) iUSD $37,120 37th/201
GDP growth i% 2.8% 122nd/210
Inflation i% 2.7% 83rd/180
Unemployment i% 10.4% 151st/187
Central government debt i% of GDP 105.6% 49th/55
General government gross debt i% of GDP 100.5% 169th/189
Government budget balance i% of GDP -2.4% 88th/192

Main industries

50
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i% of GDP 2.7% 133rd/197
Industry incl. construction i% of GDP 19.6% 129th/200
Manufacturing i% of GDP 10.6% 92nd/192
Services i% of GDP 68.4% 39th/200

Trade

60
Exports of goods & services iUSD $698.48 bn 17th/182
Imports of goods & services iUSD $625.57 bn 17th/182
Exports i% of GDP 36.6% 91st/183
Imports i% of GDP 32.8% 123rd/183
Trade openness i% of GDP 69.5% 114th/183
Fuel exports i% of merchandise exports 5.0% 75th/170
Manufactures exports i% of merchandise exports 66.0% 46th/171
Food exports i% of merchandise exports 19.5% 77th/171
Ores & metals exports i% of merchandise exports 3.7% 76th/171
High-tech exports i% of manufactured exports 9.3% 71st/168
Current account balance i% of GDP 3.2% 50th/191
Foreign direct investment, inflows i% of GDP 1.5% 121st/196

Natural resources

51
Natural resource rents i% of GDP 0.1% 155th/209
Oil rents i% of GDP 0.00% 117th/197
Natural gas rents i% of GDP 0.00% 94th/197
Coal rents i% of GDP 0.00% 68th/195
Mineral rents i% of GDP 0.10% 71st/209
Forest rents i% of GDP 0.02% 143rd/209
Arable land i% of land area 22.8% 45th/206
Renewable freshwater per person im³ 2,327 95th/183

Tourism

87
International tourist arrivals iarrivals 36.4 m 8th/194
Tourism receipts iUSD $31.59 bn1998
Tourism receipts i% of exports 19.8%1998
Outbound trips idepartures 6.2 m 25th/107

Society & health

79
Life expectancy iyears 83.9 12th/217
Under-5 mortality iper 1,000 births 3.2 20th/196
Physicians iper 1,000 people 4.29 24th/174
Hospital beds iper 1,000 people 2.9 60th/145
DPT immunization i% of children 12–23 months 94% 66th/193
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i% of adults 84.3% 65th/153
Secondary enrolment i% gross 118.5% 19th/173
Old-age dependency ratio i% of working-age population 32.9% 28th/217
Health spending i% of GDP 9.2% 42nd/193
Adult literacy i% 99.7% 9th/98
Tertiary enrolment i% gross 93.8% 13th/150
Human Development Index iindex 0–1 0.918 28th/193
Income inequality (Gini) iindex 33.4 44th/108
Extreme poverty i% of population 0.8% 43rd/108

Infrastructure & digital

85
Access to electricity i% of population 100.0% 1st/215
Safely managed drinking water i% of population 99.5% 27th/150
Safely managed sanitation i% of population 88.3% 41st/144
Internet users i% of population 95.8% 22nd/186
Mobile subscriptions iper 100 people 130 58th/210
Fixed broadband iper 100 people 39.2 27th/208
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) iscore 1–5 3.80 19th/164
Rail lines iroute-km 15,963 15th/82
Air passengers carried ipassengers 94.1 m 11th/161

Environment & energy

56
CO₂ emissions per person it CO₂e 4.51 144th/203
Renewable energy i% of final energy use 19.0% 110th/212
Air pollution (PM2.5) iµg/m³ 10.1 46th/200
Forest area i% of land area 38.2% 86th/214
Energy use per person ikg oil eq. 2,306 50th/149

Institutions & safety

76
Government effectiveness iscore 0–100 75.5 34th/205
Control of corruption iscore 0–100 61.2 54th/207
Rule of law iscore 0–100 73.0 44th/207
Political stability iscore 0–100 68.7 100th/207
Regulatory quality iscore 0–100 62.7 60th/205
Voice & accountability iscore 0–100 78.2 28th/205
Homicide rate iper 100,000 0.7 21st/145

Military

71
Military expenditure iUSD $40.21 bn 15th/156
Military expenditure i% of GDP 2.1% 55th/156
Military expenditure i% of government spending 4.7% 85th/154
Armed forces personnel ipeople 199,000 32nd/170
Armed forces personnel i% of labour force 0.87% 79th/168
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 237.0 m 34th/163
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 341.0 m 13th/65

Science & innovation

82
R&D spending i% of GDP 1.49% 31st/110
Patent applications by residents iapplications 1,160 29th/137
Scientific articles iarticles 60,304 12th/197

Compare Spain with

FranceItalyPolandPortugalTürkiye

Sources

Figures on this page come from: World Bank — World Development Indicators, International Monetary Fund — World Economic Outlook (DataMapper), Global Change Data Lab (Our World in Data) — Our World in Data, World Bank — Worldwide Governance Indicators . Nation age: Dynastic union of Castile and Aragon (Catholic Monarchs) (source). Every value is stored with its year and source series; see Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Spain — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/spain. Data as of 26 October 2026.

All figures come from official statistics published by public institutions (World Bank WDI and WGI, compiling UN agencies, IMF, WHO and national statistical offices). Each value carries its year; ranks are positions among countries with data.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Spain — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/spain. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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