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Latvia · data for latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Countries / Latvia
2025
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Latvia

Europe & Central Asia Capital Riga High income Nation age 108 years (since 1918) i LVA · LV
NationsTree Index 2025 i64.349th of 196 Tree height 2025 i5.8 msee ranking Military strength i27percentile
Population i1.8 m150th of 217 Area i64,590 km²125th of 216 GDP i$48.62 bn100th of 210 GDP (PPP) i$85.25 bn intl.109th of 199 GDP per person (PPP) i$46,137 intl.57th of 199 Life expectancy i76.4 years95th of 217
Index pillars
Foundations · roots i79
Strength · trunk i50
Quality of life · crown i75
Problems (higher = fewer) · dry branches i60
Direction (5-year change) · new shoots i40
CSV

In short

Latvia is 49th of 196 countries in the NationsTree Index, with a score of 64.3 out of 100; its tree is 5.8 m tall.

It has 1.8 million people and an economy of $85.25 bn at purchasing power parity, 109th of 199 in the world.

Its strongest positions: Access to electricity (1st of 215), Under-5 mortality (10th of 196) and Completed lower secondary, 25+ (12th of 153).

Its weakest positions: Government budget balance (133rd of 192), GDP growth (141st of 210) and Unemployment (120th of 187).

Over five years it fell from 35th to 49th in the index.

All data

Data as of 26 October 2026

Latest available value for each indicator, with its year. World rank is among countries with recent data (last 5 years of the series).

Land & people

38
Surface area ikm² 64,590 125th/216
Land area ikm² 62,230 122nd/216
Population ipeople 1.8 m 150th/217
Population growth i% -0.99% 209th/217
Population density ipeople/km² 30.0 172nd/216
Urban population i% 68.6% 96th/217
Population aged 0–14 i% 15.2% 176th/217
Population aged 65+ i% 22.2% 20th/217

Economy

50
GDP iUSD $48.62 bn 100th/210
GDP (PPP) iintl. USD $85.25 bn 109th/199
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) iintl. USD 2021 $71.70 bn 109th/199
GDP per person iUSD $26,312 64th/210
GDP per person (PPP) iintl. USD $46,137 57th/199
GNI per person (Atlas) iUSD $24,980 58th/201
GDP growth i% 2.1% 141st/210
Inflation i% 3.7% 111th/180
Unemployment i% 6.6% 120th/187
Central government debt i% of GDP 7.4%1994
General government gross debt i% of GDP 46.9% 78th/189
Government budget balance i% of GDP -4.0% 133rd/192

Main industries

49
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i% of GDP 4.0% 114th/197
Industry incl. construction i% of GDP 18.7% 133rd/200
Manufacturing i% of GDP 10.0% 100th/192
Services i% of GDP 64.2% 60th/200

Trade

59
Exports of goods & services iUSD $30.42 bn 82nd/182
Imports of goods & services iUSD $32.65 bn 80th/182
Exports i% of GDP 62.6% 36th/183
Imports i% of GDP 67.2% 42nd/183
Trade openness i% of GDP 129.7% 34th/183
Fuel exports i% of merchandise exports 8.5% 56th/170
Manufactures exports i% of merchandise exports 55.5% 62nd/171
Food exports i% of merchandise exports 22.1% 66th/171
Ores & metals exports i% of merchandise exports 1.7% 114th/171
High-tech exports i% of manufactured exports 17.5% 43rd/168
Current account balance i% of GDP -5.3% 143rd/191
Foreign direct investment, inflows i% of GDP 0.8% 149th/196

Natural resources

63
Natural resource rents i% of GDP 1.2% 114th/209
Oil rents i% of GDP 0.07% 81st/197
Natural gas rents i% of GDP 0.00% 100th/197
Coal rents i% of GDP 0.00% 68th/195
Mineral rents i% of GDP 0.00% 91st/209
Forest rents i% of GDP 1.10% 52nd/209
Arable land i% of land area 21.8% 49th/206
Renewable freshwater per person im³ 9,014 50th/183

Tourism

54
International tourist arrivals iarrivals 3.2 m 52nd/194
Tourism receipts iUSD $880.0 m2007
Tourism receipts i% of exports 7.3%2007
Outbound trips idepartures 690,000 70th/107

Society & health

77
Life expectancy iyears 76.4 95th/217
Under-5 mortality iper 1,000 births 2.5 10th/196
Physicians iper 1,000 people 3.40 49th/174
Hospital beds iper 1,000 people 5.0 24th/145
DPT immunization i% of children 12–23 months 97% 29th/193
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i% of adults 98.7% 12th/153
Secondary enrolment i% gross 101.3% 57th/173
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i% of population 80.3%2009
Old-age dependency ratio i% of working-age population 35.4% 17th/217
Health spending i% of GDP 7.3% 80th/193
Adult literacy i% 99.9%2011
Tertiary enrolment i% gross 82.9% 21st/150
Human Development Index iindex 0–1 0.889 41st/193
Income inequality (Gini) iindex 34.0 55th/108
Extreme poverty i% of population 0.4% 27th/108

Infrastructure & digital

70
Access to electricity i% of population 100.0% 1st/215
Safely managed drinking water i% of population 97.0% 40th/150
Safely managed sanitation i% of population 92.5% 31st/144
Internet users i% of population 92.7% 41st/186
Mobile subscriptions iper 100 people 121 85th/210
Fixed broadband iper 100 people 25.8 73rd/208
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) iscore 1–5 3.30 43rd/164
Rail lines iroute-km 1,859 53rd/82
Air passengers carried ipassengers 4.5 m 62nd/161

Environment & energy

65
CO₂ emissions per person it CO₂e 3.65 125th/203
Renewable energy i% of final energy use 44.0% 55th/212
Air pollution (PM2.5) iµg/m³ 13.0 66th/200
Forest area i% of land area 55.6% 43rd/214
Energy use per person ikg oil eq. 2,263 51st/149

Institutions & safety

76
Government effectiveness iscore 0–100 69.3 50th/205
Control of corruption iscore 0–100 63.6 49th/207
Rule of law iscore 0–100 76.3 32nd/207
Political stability iscore 0–100 79.8 57th/207
Regulatory quality iscore 0–100 73.1 30th/205
Voice & accountability iscore 0–100 78.3 27th/205
Homicide rate iper 100,000 2.5 77th/145

Military

50
Military expenditure iUSD $1.73 bn 68th/156
Military expenditure i% of GDP 3.6% 16th/156
Military expenditure i% of government spending 8.2% 39th/154
Armed forces personnel ipeople 9,000 136th/170
Armed forces personnel i% of labour force 0.92% 76th/168
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 19.0 m 91st/163
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 1.0 m 61st/65

Science & innovation

56
R&D spending i% of GDP 0.82% 46th/110
Patent applications by residents iapplications 84 74th/137
Scientific articles iarticles 1,736 75th/197

Compare Latvia with

ArmeniaBosnia and HerzegovinaEstoniaGeorgiaKyrgyzstanLuxembourg

Sources

Figures on this page come from: World Bank — World Development Indicators, International Monetary Fund — World Economic Outlook (DataMapper), Global Change Data Lab (Our World in Data) — Our World in Data, World Bank — Worldwide Governance Indicators . Nation age: Wikidata P571 (inception) (source). Every value is stored with its year and source series; see Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Latvia — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/latvia. Data as of 26 October 2026.

All figures come from official statistics published by public institutions (World Bank WDI and WGI, compiling UN agencies, IMF, WHO and national statistical offices). Each value carries its year; ranks are positions among countries with data.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Latvia — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/latvia. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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