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Kazakhstan · data for latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Countries / Kazakhstan
2025
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Kazakhstan

Europe & Central Asia Capital Astana Upper middle income Nation age 561 years (since 1465) i KAZ · KZ
NationsTree Index 2025 i62.152nd of 196 Tree height 2025 i19 msee ranking Military strength i58percentile
Population i20.8 m64th of 217 Area i2,724,902 km²9th of 216 GDP i$306.24 bn49th of 210 GDP (PPP) i$923.24 bn intl.36th of 199 GDP per person (PPP) i$44,293 intl.61st of 199 Life expectancy i74.5 years113th of 217
Index pillars
Foundations · roots i67
Strength · trunk i64
Quality of life · crown i67
Problems (higher = fewer) · dry branches i48
Direction (5-year change) · new shoots i62
CSV

In short

Kazakhstan is 52nd of 196 countries in the NationsTree Index, with a score of 62.1 out of 100; its tree is 19 m tall.

It has 20.8 million people and an economy of $923.24 bn at purchasing power parity, 36th of 199 in the world.

Its strongest positions: Extreme poverty (1st of 108), Access to electricity (1st of 215) and High-tech exports (11th of 168).

Its weakest positions: CO₂ emissions per person (188th of 203), Inflation (161st of 180) and Renewable energy (179th of 212).

Over five years it climbed from 58th to 52nd in the index.

All data

Data as of 26 October 2026

Latest available value for each indicator, with its year. World rank is among countries with recent data (last 5 years of the series).

Land & people

61
Surface area ikm² 2,724,902 9th/216
Land area ikm² 2,699,700 9th/216
Population ipeople 20.8 m 64th/217
Population growth i% 1.21% 87th/217
Population density ipeople/km² 7.6 205th/216
Urban population i% 62.4% 119th/217
Population aged 0–14 i% 29.1% 75th/217
Population aged 65+ i% 9.0% 107th/217

Economy

67
GDP iUSD $306.24 bn 49th/210
GDP (PPP) iintl. USD $923.24 bn 36th/199
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) iintl. USD 2021 $788.95 bn 34th/199
GDP per person iUSD $14,692 89th/210
GDP per person (PPP) iintl. USD $44,293 61st/199
GNI per person (Atlas) iUSD $13,740 81st/201
GDP growth i% 6.5% 25th/210
Inflation i% 11.4% 161st/180
Unemployment i% 4.8% 81st/187
Central government debt i% of GDP 20.9% 6th/55
General government gross debt i% of GDP 24.3% 23rd/189
Government budget balance i% of GDP -3.1% 110th/192

Main industries

59
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i% of GDP 3.7% 117th/197
Industry incl. construction i% of GDP 32.3% 44th/200
Manufacturing i% of GDP 12.7% 68th/192
Services i% of GDP 57.7% 99th/200

Trade

50
Exports of goods & services iUSD $92.07 bn 51st/182
Imports of goods & services iUSD $74.54 bn 54th/182
Exports i% of GDP 31.6% 106th/183
Imports i% of GDP 25.6% 149th/183
Trade openness i% of GDP 57.2% 133rd/183
Fuel exports i% of merchandise exports 54.5% 20th/170
Manufactures exports i% of merchandise exports 19.7% 106th/171
Food exports i% of merchandise exports 8.9% 119th/171
Ores & metals exports i% of merchandise exports 15.8% 31st/171
High-tech exports i% of manufactured exports 42.2% 11th/168
Current account balance i% of GDP -4.1% 132nd/191
Foreign direct investment, inflows i% of GDP -0.3% 182nd/196

Natural resources

75
Natural resource rents i% of GDP 26.8% 16th/209
Oil rents i% of GDP 14.84% 16th/197
Natural gas rents i% of GDP 2.04% 22nd/197
Coal rents i% of GDP 0.85% 7th/195
Mineral rents i% of GDP 9.10% 14th/209
Forest rents i% of GDP 0.01% 158th/209
Arable land i% of land area 11.3% 92nd/206
Renewable freshwater per person im³ 3,212 79th/183

Tourism

47
International tourist arrivals iarrivals 2.0 m 64th/194
Tourism receipts iUSD $589.0 m 90th/175
Tourism receipts i% of exports 1.2% 149th/168
Outbound trips idepartures 2.9 m 41st/107

Society & health

68
Life expectancy iyears 74.5 113th/217
Under-5 mortality iper 1,000 births 9.4 69th/196
Physicians iper 1,000 people 3.75 37th/174
Hospital beds iper 1,000 people 6.5 11th/145
DPT immunization i% of children 12–23 months 98% 20th/193
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i% of adults 95.7% 27th/153
Secondary enrolment i% gross 97.6% 70th/173
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i% of population 57.3% 23rd/55
Old-age dependency ratio i% of working-age population 14.6% 101st/217
Health spending i% of GDP 3.8% 160th/193
Adult literacy i% 99.7%2009
Tertiary enrolment i% gross 52.9% 75th/150
Human Development Index iindex 0–1 0.837 60th/193
Income inequality (Gini) iindex 29.2 19th/108
Extreme poverty i% of population 0.0% 1st/108

Infrastructure & digital

71
Access to electricity i% of population 100.0% 1st/215
Safely managed drinking water i% of population 91.5% 57th/150
Internet users i% of population 93.4% 39th/186
Mobile subscriptions iper 100 people 127 65th/210
Fixed broadband iper 100 people 15.3 100th/208
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) iscore 1–5 2.50 85th/164
Rail lines iroute-km 16,006 14th/82
Air passengers carried ipassengers 11.9 m 45th/161

Environment & energy

32
CO₂ emissions per person it CO₂e 12.57 188th/203
Renewable energy i% of final energy use 2.0% 179th/212
Air pollution (PM2.5) iµg/m³ 19.6 113th/200
Forest area i% of land area 1.3% 194th/214
Energy use per person ikg oil eq. 3,619 23rd/149

Institutions & safety

43
Government effectiveness iscore 0–100 54.5 101st/205
Control of corruption iscore 0–100 42.8 109th/207
Rule of law iscore 0–100 51.9 126th/207
Political stability iscore 0–100 62.0 132nd/207
Regulatory quality iscore 0–100 55.9 91st/205
Voice & accountability iscore 0–100 40.1 150th/205
Homicide rate iper 100,000 2.6 79th/145

Military

36
Military expenditure iUSD $1.31 bn 78th/156
Military expenditure i% of GDP 0.4% 148th/156
Military expenditure i% of government spending 2.1% 141st/154
Armed forces personnel ipeople 71,000 59th/170
Armed forces personnel i% of labour force 0.74% 92nd/168
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 18.0 m 95th/163
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 6.0 m2006

Science & innovation

54
R&D spending i% of GDP 0.16% 90th/110
Patent applications by residents iapplications 841 35th/137
Scientific articles iarticles 3,819 64th/197

Compare Kazakhstan with

BelgiumIrelandNetherlandsRomaniaSwitzerland

Sources

Figures on this page come from: World Bank — World Development Indicators, International Monetary Fund — World Economic Outlook (DataMapper), Global Change Data Lab (Our World in Data) — Our World in Data, World Bank — Worldwide Governance Indicators . Nation age: Kazakh Khanate (source). Every value is stored with its year and source series; see Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Kazakhstan — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/kazakhstan. Data as of 26 October 2026.

All figures come from official statistics published by public institutions (World Bank WDI and WGI, compiling UN agencies, IMF, WHO and national statistical offices). Each value carries its year; ranks are positions among countries with data.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Kazakhstan — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/kazakhstan. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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