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Egypt · data for latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Countries / Egypt
2025
Flag of Egypt

Egypt

Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan Capital Cairo Lower middle income Nation age 5,125 years (since 3100 BC) i EGY · EG
NationsTree Index 2025 i42.9116th of 196 Tree height 2025 i28 msee ranking Military strength i56percentile
Population i118.4 m13th of 217 Area i1,001,450 km²29th of 216 GDP i$365.25 bn43rd of 210 GDP (PPP) i$2.39 trn intl.18th of 199 GDP per person (PPP) i$20,204 intl.104th of 199 Life expectancy i71.8 years140th of 217
Index pillars
Foundations · roots i45
Strength · trunk i80
Quality of life · crown i43
Problems (higher = fewer) · dry branches i24
Direction (5-year change) · new shoots i4
CSV

In short

Egypt is 116th of 196 countries in the NationsTree Index, with a score of 42.9 out of 100; its tree is 28 m tall.

It has 118.4 million people and an economy of $2.39 trn at purchasing power parity, 18th of 199 in the world.

Its strongest positions: Access to electricity (1st of 215), Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) (6th of 55) and Income inequality (Gini) (15th of 108).

Its weakest positions: Renewable freshwater per person (181st of 183), Inflation (166th of 180) and Air pollution (PM2.5) (184th of 200).

Over five years it fell from 69th to 116th in the index.

All data

Data as of 26 October 2026

Latest available value for each indicator, with its year. World rank is among countries with recent data (last 5 years of the series).

Land & people

65
Surface area ikm² 1,001,450 29th/216
Land area ikm² 995,450 29th/216
Population ipeople 118.4 m 13th/217
Population growth i% 1.56% 68th/217
Population density ipeople/km² 117.1 93rd/216
Urban population i% 42.9% 167th/217
Population aged 0–14 i% 31.6% 63rd/217
Population aged 65+ i% 5.3% 143rd/217

Economy

46
GDP iUSD $365.25 bn 43rd/210
GDP (PPP) iintl. USD $2.39 trn 18th/199
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) iintl. USD 2021 $2.04 trn 18th/199
GDP per person iUSD $3,086 160th/210
GDP per person (PPP) iintl. USD $20,204 104th/199
GNI per person (Atlas) iUSD $3,260 148th/201
GDP growth i% 4.4% 68th/210
Inflation i% 14.1% 166th/180
Unemployment i% 6.8% 123rd/187
Central government debt i% of GDP 85.8%2007
General government gross debt i% of GDP 86.8% 154th/189
Government budget balance i% of GDP -6.6% 170th/192

Main industries

63
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i% of GDP 16.6% 48th/197
Industry incl. construction i% of GDP 32.1% 46th/200
Manufacturing i% of GDP 14.5% 48th/192
Services i% of GDP 47.3% 157th/200

Trade

51
Exports of goods & services iUSD $72.39 bn 54th/182
Imports of goods & services iUSD $115.11 bn 46th/182
Exports i% of GDP 19.8% 146th/183
Imports i% of GDP 31.5% 129th/183
Trade openness i% of GDP 51.3% 141st/183
Fuel exports i% of merchandise exports 9.8% 49th/170
Manufactures exports i% of merchandise exports 47.8% 67th/171
Food exports i% of merchandise exports 21.6% 70th/171
Ores & metals exports i% of merchandise exports 5.0% 63rd/171
High-tech exports i% of manufactured exports 3.8% 107th/168
Current account balance i% of GDP -4.2% 134th/191
Foreign direct investment, inflows i% of GDP 4.2% 52nd/196

Natural resources

54
Natural resource rents i% of GDP 5.1% 72nd/209
Oil rents i% of GDP 2.99% 32nd/197
Natural gas rents i% of GDP 2.05% 21st/197
Coal rents i% of GDP 0.00% 68th/195
Mineral rents i% of GDP 0.00% 91st/209
Forest rents i% of GDP 0.11% 112th/209
Arable land i% of land area 3.3% 154th/206
Renewable freshwater per person im³ 9 181st/183

Tourism

81
International tourist arrivals iarrivals 13.0 m 19th/194
Tourism receipts iUSD $4.87 bn 31st/175
Tourism receipts i% of exports 12.2% 51st/168
Outbound trips idepartures 6.2 m2014

Society & health

46
Life expectancy iyears 71.8 140th/217
Under-5 mortality iper 1,000 births 22.4 128th/196
Physicians iper 1,000 people 0.67 117th/174
Hospital beds iper 1,000 people 1.1 114th/145
DPT immunization i% of children 12–23 months 97% 29th/193
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i% of adults 55.7% 105th/153
Secondary enrolment i% gross 84.8% 120th/173
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i% of population 87.9% 6th/55
Old-age dependency ratio i% of working-age population 8.3% 144th/217
Health spending i% of GDP 4.9% 129th/193
Adult literacy i% 79.5% 65th/98
Tertiary enrolment i% gross 38.0% 97th/150
Human Development Index iindex 0–1 0.754 100th/193
Income inequality (Gini) iindex 28.5 15th/108
Extreme poverty i% of population 1.4% 55th/108

Infrastructure & digital

57
Access to electricity i% of population 100.0% 1st/215
Safely managed drinking water i% of population 78.9% 78th/150
Safely managed sanitation i% of population 57.3% 77th/144
Internet users i% of population 74.6% 115th/186
Mobile subscriptions iper 100 people 97 145th/210
Fixed broadband iper 100 people 11.7 113th/208
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) iscore 1–5 3.00 54th/164
Rail lines iroute-km 5,1532016
Air passengers carried ipassengers 16.7 m 40th/161

Environment & energy

24
CO₂ emissions per person it CO₂e 2.50 99th/203
Renewable energy i% of final energy use 6.1% 164th/212
Air pollution (PM2.5) iµg/m³ 43.1 184th/200
Forest area i% of land area 0.0% 210th/214
Energy use per person ikg oil eq. 883 96th/149

Institutions & safety

27
Government effectiveness iscore 0–100 50.2 116th/205
Control of corruption iscore 0–100 33.9 147th/207
Rule of law iscore 0–100 47.3 148th/207
Political stability iscore 0–100 50.0 176th/207
Regulatory quality iscore 0–100 47.6 133rd/205
Voice & accountability iscore 0–100 27.7 188th/205
Homicide rate iper 100,000 1.32017

Military

54
Military expenditure iUSD $2.50 bn 63rd/156
Military expenditure i% of GDP 0.6% 138th/156
Military expenditure i% of government spending 2.5% 132nd/154
Armed forces personnel ipeople 836,000 7th/170
Armed forces personnel i% of labour force 2.76% 19th/168
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 697.0 m 15th/163
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 2.0 m 56th/65

Science & innovation

74
R&D spending i% of GDP 1.02% 41st/110
Patent applications by residents iapplications 563 41st/137
Scientific articles iarticles 22,854 22nd/197

Compare Egypt with

AlgeriaIranNigeriaPakistanSaudi Arabia

Sources

Figures on this page come from: World Bank — World Development Indicators, International Monetary Fund — World Economic Outlook (DataMapper), Global Change Data Lab (Our World in Data) — Our World in Data, World Bank — Worldwide Governance Indicators . Nation age: Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, Early Dynastic Period (source). Every value is stored with its year and source series; see Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Egypt — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/egypt. Data as of 26 October 2026.

All figures come from official statistics published by public institutions (World Bank WDI and WGI, compiling UN agencies, IMF, WHO and national statistical offices). Each value carries its year; ranks are positions among countries with data.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Egypt — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/egypt. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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