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Ethiopia · data for latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Countries / Ethiopia
2025
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Ethiopia

Sub-Saharan Africa Capital Addis Ababa Low income Nation age 1,926 years (since 100) i ETH · ET
NationsTree Index 2025 i33.6151st of 196 Tree height 2025 i12 msee ranking Military strength i54percentile
Population i135.5 m10th of 217 Area i1,129,819 km²26th of 216 GDP i$126.36 bn67th of 210 GDP (PPP) i$490.64 bn intl.54th of 199 GDP per person (PPP) i$3,622 intl.180th of 199 Life expectancy i67.6 years170th of 217
Index pillars
Foundations · roots i13
Strength · trunk i67
Quality of life · crown i12
Problems (higher = fewer) · dry branches i29
Direction (5-year change) · new shoots i83
CSV

In short

Ethiopia is 151st of 196 countries in the NationsTree Index, with a score of 33.6 out of 100; its tree is 12 m tall.

It has 135.5 million people and an economy of $490.64 bn at purchasing power parity, 54th of 199 in the world.

Its strongest positions: GDP growth (6th of 210), Renewable energy (7th of 212) and CO₂ emissions per person (17th of 203).

Its weakest positions: Safely managed sanitation (143rd of 144), Safely managed drinking water (145th of 150) and Completed lower secondary, 25+ (145th of 153).

Over five years it climbed from 168th to 151st in the index.

All data

Data as of 26 October 2026

Latest available value for each indicator, with its year. World rank is among countries with recent data (last 5 years of the series).

Land & people

66
Surface area ikm² 1,129,819 26th/216
Land area ikm² 1,122,135 25th/216
Population ipeople 135.5 m 10th/217
Population growth i% 2.55% 24th/217
Population density ipeople/km² 117.7 92nd/216
Urban population i% 24.1% 207th/217
Population aged 0–14 i% 38.8% 30th/217
Population aged 65+ i% 3.3% 184th/217

Economy

50
GDP iUSD $126.36 bn 67th/210
GDP (PPP) iintl. USD $490.64 bn 54th/199
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) iintl. USD 2021 $419.27 bn 54th/199
GDP per person iUSD $933 198th/210
GDP per person (PPP) iintl. USD $3,622 180th/199
GNI per person (Atlas) iUSD $1,110 184th/201
GDP growth i% 9.8% 6th/210
Inflation i% 13.2% 164th/180
Unemployment i% 3.3% 53rd/187
Central government debt i% of GDP 31.4%2019
General government gross debt i% of GDP 43.3% 71st/189
Government budget balance i% of GDP -1.2% 58th/192

Main industries

46
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i% of GDP 32.8% 9th/197
Industry incl. construction i% of GDP 27.8% 65th/200
Manufacturing i% of GDP 4.2% 160th/192
Services i% of GDP 36.6% 190th/200

Trade

36
Exports of goods & services iUSD $16.79 bn 96th/182
Imports of goods & services iUSD $25.49 bn 87th/182
Exports i% of GDP 13.3% 166th/183
Imports i% of GDP 20.2% 167th/183
Trade openness i% of GDP 33.5% 174th/183
Fuel exports i% of merchandise exports 0.0% 140th/170
Manufactures exports i% of merchandise exports 9.2% 135th/171
Food exports i% of merchandise exports 80.4% 12th/171
Ores & metals exports i% of merchandise exports 0.7% 140th/171
High-tech exports i% of manufactured exports 3.8% 109th/168
Current account balance i% of GDP -0.8% 89th/191
Foreign direct investment, inflows i% of GDP 3.0% 72nd/196

Natural resources

60
Natural resource rents i% of GDP 5.9% 66th/209
Oil rents i% of GDP 0.00% 120th/197
Natural gas rents i% of GDP 0.00% 100th/197
Coal rents i% of GDP 0.00% 64th/195
Mineral rents i% of GDP 0.26% 60th/209
Forest rents i% of GDP 5.60% 12th/209
Arable land i% of land area 14.6% 76th/206
Renewable freshwater per person im³ 973 131st/183

Tourism

65
International tourist arrivals iarrivals 518,000 121st/194
Tourism receipts iUSD $2.28 bn 48th/175
Tourism receipts i% of exports 29.6% 25th/168
Outbound trips idepartures 133,0001996

Society & health

18
Life expectancy iyears 67.6 170th/217
Under-5 mortality iper 1,000 births 44.5 161st/196
Physicians iper 1,000 people 0.14 157th/174
Hospital beds iper 1,000 people 0.32016
DPT immunization i% of children 12–23 months 73% 162nd/193
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i% of adults 16.6% 145th/153
Secondary enrolment i% gross 33.9%2015
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i% of population 22.2%2018
Old-age dependency ratio i% of working-age population 5.7% 184th/217
Health spending i% of GDP 2.8% 183rd/193
Adult literacy i% 60.5% 87th/98
Tertiary enrolment i% gross 5.9%2014
Human Development Index iindex 0–1 0.497 180th/193
Income inequality (Gini) iindex 31.1 30th/108
Extreme poverty i% of population 38.6% 96th/108

Infrastructure & digital

17
Access to electricity i% of population 56.6% 190th/215
Safely managed drinking water i% of population 13.5% 145th/150
Safely managed sanitation i% of population 8.1% 143rd/144
Internet users i% of population 21.9% 174th/186
Mobile subscriptions iper 100 people 65 186th/210
Fixed broadband iper 100 people 0.6 178th/208
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) iscore 1–5 2.122016
Rail lines iroute-km 754 69th/82
Air passengers carried ipassengers 15.3 m 43rd/161

Environment & energy

55
CO₂ emissions per person it CO₂e 0.15 17th/203
Renewable energy i% of final energy use 90.6% 7th/212
Air pollution (PM2.5) iµg/m³ 23.8 138th/200
Forest area i% of land area 23.8% 123rd/214
Energy use per person ikg oil eq. 393 131st/149

Institutions & safety

23
Government effectiveness iscore 0–100 39.7 153rd/205
Control of corruption iscore 0–100 40.5 121st/207
Rule of law iscore 0–100 43.2 159th/207
Political stability iscore 0–100 33.1 196th/207
Regulatory quality iscore 0–100 42.9 155th/205
Voice & accountability iscore 0–100 34.3 172nd/205
Homicide rate iper 100,000 8.52012

Military

37
Military expenditure iUSD $528.1 m 103rd/156
Military expenditure i% of GDP 0.5% 145th/156
Military expenditure i% of government spending 4.1% 106th/154
Armed forces personnel ipeople 138,000 44th/170
Armed forces personnel i% of labour force 0.28% 146th/168
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 63.0 m 59th/163
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 17.0 m1997

Science & innovation

58
R&D spending i% of GDP 0.27%2017
Patent applications by residents iapplications 66 78th/137
Scientific articles iarticles 6,728 54th/197

Compare Ethiopia with

AngolaGhanaKenyaNigeriaSouth AfricaTanzania

Sources

Figures on this page come from: World Bank — World Development Indicators, International Monetary Fund — World Economic Outlook (DataMapper), Global Change Data Lab (Our World in Data) — Our World in Data, World Bank — Worldwide Governance Indicators . Nation age: Kingdom of Aksum (source). Every value is stored with its year and source series; see Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Ethiopia — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/ethiopia. Data as of 26 October 2026.

All figures come from official statistics published by public institutions (World Bank WDI and WGI, compiling UN agencies, IMF, WHO and national statistical offices). Each value carries its year; ranks are positions among countries with data.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Ethiopia — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/ethiopia. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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