Malaysia vs Singapore
Side-by-side comparison of Malaysia and Singapore from official statistics: size, economy, people, trade, natural resources, health, infrastructure and military, with world ranks, years and sources.
In short
Singapore scores 82.1 in the NationsTree Index (3rd in the world) and Malaysia scores 69.7 (38th), a gap of 12.4 points. Their trees are 25 m and 22 m tall; tree height grows with real GDP and is adjusted by the index.
Malaysia has 5.9 times the population of Singapore. Malaysia is 449 times larger than Singapore by land area. The economy of Malaysia is 50% larger than that of Singapore (GDP at purchasing power parity). Population: Malaysia 36.0 million and Singapore 6.1 million (2025).
GDP per person at purchasing power parity is $163,354 in Singapore and $41,498 in Malaysia (2025, international dollars). People in Singapore live on average 6.5 years longer (83.3 vs 76.8 years).
Of 37 indicators reported by both countries, Malaysia ranks higher in the world on 8 and Singapore on 29. Malaysia is clearly stronger in natural resources, main industries and land & people. Singapore is clearly stronger in military, society & health and institutions & safety.
As a nation, Malaysia is the older of the two (statehood since 1963, 63 years), compared with Singapore (since 1965). Over the last five years Malaysia improved faster (direction score 59 vs 51 out of 100).
Where they differ most
The indicators with the biggest gap in world position between Malaysia and Singapore.
Over time
How the two countries moved against each other, from the yearly data.
Singapore has been ahead of Malaysia in the NationsTree Index in every year since 1991.
Singapore has been ahead of Malaysia in GDP per person (PPP) and life expectancy in every year since 1990.
Malaysia has been ahead of Singapore in GDP (PPP) and population in every year since 1990.
Strength by category
Average world percentile of the indicators in each category (0–100, direction taken into account). i
All indicators
Latest available value for each country with its year and world rank. Green: the better world position of the two, red: the weaker one.
| Indicator | ||
|---|---|---|
| Land & people | ||
| Surface area km² | 330,53468th/216 · 2024 | 736184th/216 · 2024 |
| Land area km² | 328,55066th/216 · 2024 | 725182nd/216 · 2024 |
| Population people | 36.0 m45th/217 · 2025 | 6.1 m113th/217 · 2025 |
| Population growth % | 1.17%91st/217 · 2025 | 1.22%85th/217 · 2025 |
| Population density people/km² | 108.298th/216 · 2024 | 8,329.03rd/216 · 2024 |
| Urban population % | 77.4%68th/217 · 2025 | 100.0%1st/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 0–14 % | 21.3%111th/217 · 2025 | 11.7%211th/217 · 2025 |
| Population aged 65+ % | 8.0%118th/217 · 2025 | 14.2%72nd/217 · 2025 |
| Economy | ||
| GDP USD | $472.19 bn34th/210 · 2025 | $603.87 bn27th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP (PPP) intl. USD | $1.49 trn29th/199 · 2025 | $998.28 bn33rd/199 · 2025 |
| Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) intl. USD 2021 | $1.28 trn29th/199 · 2025 | $853.07 bn33rd/199 · 2025 |
| GDP per person USD | $13,12594th/210 · 2025 | $98,8148th/210 · 2025 |
| GDP per person (PPP) intl. USD | $41,49864th/199 · 2025 | $163,3541st/199 · 2025 |
| GNI per person (Atlas) USD | $12,38086th/201 · 2025 | $81,76010th/201 · 2025 |
| GDP growth % | 5.2%46th/210 · 2025 | 5.0%50th/210 · 2025 |
| Inflation % | 1.4%44th/180 · 2025 | 0.9%33rd/180 · 2025 |
| Unemployment % | 3.8%64th/187 · 2025 | 2.8%33rd/187 · 2025 |
| Central government debt % of GDP | 64.6%35th/55 · 2024 | 167.8%55th/55 · 2024 |
| General government gross debt % of GDP | 70.5%136th/189 · 2025 | 165.7%187th/189 · 2025 |
| Government budget balance % of GDP | -3.5%119th/192 · 2025 | 4.2%9th/192 · 2025 |
| Main industries | ||
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing % of GDP | 8.2%82nd/197 · 2025 | 0.0%196th/197 · 2025 |
| Industry incl. construction % of GDP | 35.7%28th/200 · 2025 | 22.7%107th/200 · 2025 |
| Manufacturing % of GDP | 22.1%14th/192 · 2025 | 17.4%32nd/192 · 2025 |
| Services % of GDP | 54.8%122nd/200 · 2025 | 71.6%29th/200 · 2025 |
| Trade | ||
| Exports of goods & services USD | $335.11 bn29th/182 · 2025 | $1.07 trn7th/182 · 2025 |
| Imports of goods & services USD | $308.95 bn29th/182 · 2025 | $860.24 bn9th/182 · 2025 |
| Exports % of GDP | 71.0%28th/183 · 2025 | 177.9%4th/183 · 2025 |
| Imports % of GDP | 65.4%46th/183 · 2025 | 142.5%4th/183 · 2025 |
| Trade openness % of GDP | 136.4%30th/183 · 2025 | 320.3%4th/183 · 2025 |
| Fuel exports % of merchandise exports | 11.2%45th/170 · 2025 | 9.4%50th/170 · 2025 |
| Manufactures exports % of merchandise exports | 72.8%36th/171 · 2025 | 78.2%24th/171 · 2025 |
| Food exports % of merchandise exports | 10.4%115th/171 · 2025 | 2.3%151st/171 · 2025 |
| Ores & metals exports % of merchandise exports | 3.8%74th/171 · 2025 | 0.9%138th/171 · 2025 |
| High-tech exports % of manufactured exports | 58.6%6th/168 · 2024 | 59.4%5th/168 · 2024 |
| Current account balance % of GDP | 1.6%61st/191 · 2025 | 16.7%10th/191 · 2025 |
| Foreign direct investment, inflows % of GDP | 4.6%44th/196 · 2025 | 26.3%8th/196 · 2025 |
| Natural resources | ||
| Natural resource rents % of GDP | 6.9%60th/209 · 2021 | 0.0%185th/209 · 2021 |
| Oil rents % of GDP | 1.85%39th/197 · 2021 | 0.00%120th/197 · 2021 |
| Natural gas rents % of GDP | 3.35%19th/197 · 2021 | 0.00%100th/197 · 2021 |
| Coal rents % of GDP | 0.03%42nd/195 · 2021 | 0.00%68th/195 · 2021 |
| Mineral rents % of GDP | 0.00%91st/209 · 2021 | 0.00%91st/209 · 2021 |
| Forest rents % of GDP | 1.70%40th/209 · 2021 | 0.00%178th/209 · 2021 |
| Arable land % of land area | 2.6%163rd/206 · 2024 | 0.8%188th/206 · 2024 |
| Renewable freshwater per person m³ | 16,71736th/183 · 2022 | 106169th/183 · 2022 |
| Tourism | ||
| International tourist arrivals arrivals | 4.3 m40th/194 · 2020 | 2.7 m55th/194 · 2020 |
| Tourism receipts USD | $3.39 bn38th/175 · 2020 | $20.42 bn8th/175 · 2018 |
| Tourism receipts % of exports | 1.6%138th/168 · 2020 | 3.0%106th/168 · 2018 |
| Outbound trips departures | 30.8 m2004 | 1.5 m56th/107 · 2020 |
| Society & health | ||
| Life expectancy years | 76.886th/217 · 2024 | 83.315th/217 · 2024 |
| Under-5 mortality per 1,000 births | 8.360th/196 · 2024 | 2.714th/196 · 2024 |
| Physicians per 1,000 people | 2.3476th/174 · 2023 | 2.8363rd/174 · 2022 |
| Hospital beds per 1,000 people | 2.087th/145 · 2023 | 2.865th/145 · 2023 |
| DPT immunization % of children 12–23 months | 93%81st/193 · 2024 | 97%29th/193 · 2024 |
| Completed lower secondary, 25+ % of adults | 80.6%71st/153 · 2022 | 85.3%62nd/153 · 2022 |
| Secondary enrolment % gross | 80.3%127th/173 · 2024 | 103.1%49th/173 · 2023 |
| Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) % of population | 76.7%2016 | — |
| Old-age dependency ratio % of working-age population | 11.4%120th/217 · 2025 | 19.2%75th/217 · 2025 |
| Health spending % of GDP | 4.0%156th/193 · 2023 | 4.5%139th/193 · 2023 |
| Adult literacy % | 95.8%34th/98 · 2022 | 97.7%24th/98 · 2021 |
| Tertiary enrolment % gross | 38.5%95th/150 · 2024 | 97.3%11th/150 · 2023 |
| Human Development Index index 0–1 | 0.81967th/193 · 2023 | 0.94613th/193 · 2023 |
| Income inequality (Gini) index | 40.789th/108 · 2021 | — |
| Extreme poverty % of population | 0.0%1st/108 · 2021 | — |
| Infrastructure & digital | ||
| Access to electricity % of population | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 | 100.0%1st/215 · 2024 |
| Safely managed drinking water % of population | 94.7%53rd/150 · 2024 | 100.0%1st/150 · 2024 |
| Safely managed sanitation % of population | 85.8%42nd/144 · 2024 | 100.0%1st/144 · 2024 |
| Internet users % of population | 98.0%12th/186 · 2024 | 94.4%30th/186 · 2024 |
| Mobile subscriptions per 100 people | 14043rd/210 · 2024 | 17119th/210 · 2024 |
| Fixed broadband per 100 people | 13.5104th/208 · 2024 | 27.869th/208 · 2024 |
| Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) score 1–5 | 3.6029th/164 · 2022 | 4.601st/164 · 2022 |
| Rail lines route-km | 1,65557th/82 · 2021 | — |
| Air passengers carried passengers | 46.7 m24th/161 · 2023 | 47.5 m23rd/161 · 2023 |
| Environment & energy | ||
| CO₂ emissions per person t CO₂e | 8.32178th/203 · 2024 | 9.75183rd/203 · 2024 |
| Renewable energy % of final energy use | 7.5%159th/212 · 2021 | 1.1%187th/212 · 2021 |
| Air pollution (PM2.5) µg/m³ | 15.991st/200 · 2023 | 15.185th/200 · 2023 |
| Forest area % of land area | 57.7%37th/214 · 2024 | 21.8%129th/214 · 2024 |
| Energy use per person kg oil eq. | 3,17632nd/149 · 2024 | 5,24615th/149 · 2024 |
| Institutions & safety | ||
| Government effectiveness score 0–100 | 71.941st/205 · 2025 | 95.21st/205 · 2025 |
| Control of corruption score 0–100 | 59.463rd/207 · 2025 | 87.84th/207 · 2025 |
| Rule of law score 0–100 | 65.478th/207 · 2025 | 83.218th/207 · 2025 |
| Political stability score 0–100 | 71.688th/207 · 2025 | 89.012th/207 · 2025 |
| Regulatory quality score 0–100 | 67.344th/205 · 2025 | 91.91st/205 · 2025 |
| Voice & accountability score 0–100 | 55.8108th/205 · 2025 | 54.6113th/205 · 2025 |
| Homicide rate per 100,000 | 0.727th/145 · 2023 | 0.11st/145 · 2023 |
| Military | ||
| Military expenditure USD | $4.93 bn51st/156 · 2025 | $17.44 bn22nd/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of GDP | 1.0%114th/156 · 2025 | 3.0%31st/156 · 2025 |
| Military expenditure % of government spending | 4.4%94th/154 · 2025 | 18.0%11th/154 · 2025 |
| Armed forces personnel people | 136,00045th/170 · 2020 | 59,00065th/170 · 2020 |
| Armed forces personnel % of labour force | 0.81%87th/168 · 2020 | 1.72%34th/168 · 2020 |
| Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 7.0 m117th/163 · 2024 | 57.0 m60th/163 · 2025 |
| Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) TIV | 20.0 m43rd/65 · 2024 | 79.0 m30th/65 · 2025 |
| Science & innovation | ||
| R&D spending % of GDP | 1.01%42nd/110 · 2022 | 1.81%23rd/110 · 2022 |
| Patent applications by residents applications | 84135th/137 · 2024 | 1,89820th/137 · 2024 |
| Scientific articles articles | 23,69121st/197 · 2023 | 11,89439th/197 · 2023 |
Questions and answers
Which has more people, Malaysia or Singapore?
Malaysia has the larger population: 36.0 m (2025) compared with 6.1 m for Singapore (2025). Source: World Bank, SP.POP.TOTL.
Which is bigger by area, Malaysia or Singapore?
Malaysia is larger: 330,534 km² (2024) compared with 736 km² for Singapore (2024). Source: World Bank, AG.SRF.TOTL.K2.
Which economy is larger, Malaysia or Singapore?
Malaysia has the larger economy at purchasing power parity: $1.49 trn intl. (2025) compared with $998.28 bn intl. for Singapore (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD.
Which is richer per person, Malaysia or Singapore?
Singapore has the higher GDP per person (PPP): $163,354 intl. (2025) compared with $41,498 intl. for Malaysia (2025). Source: World Bank, NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD.
Where do people live longer, in Malaysia or Singapore?
Singapore has the higher life expectancy at birth: 83.3 years (2024) compared with 76.8 years for Malaysia (2024). Source: World Bank, SP.DYN.LE00.IN.
Which spends more on the military, Malaysia or Singapore?
Singapore spends more on the military: $17.44 bn (2025) compared with $4.93 bn for Malaysia (2025). Source: World Bank, MS.MIL.XPND.CD.
Which ranks higher in the NationsTree Index, Malaysia or Singapore?
Singapore: 82.1 points (3rd in the world); Malaysia: 69.7 points (38th). The index combines foundations, economic strength, quality of life, problems and 5-year direction from public statistics.
Sources
World Bank World Development Indicators and Worldwide Governance Indicators, compiling UN agencies, the IMF, WHO, SIPRI and national statistical offices; every row links to its world ranking with the source series. See Sources & licences and Methodology.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Malaysia vs Singapore — country comparison. https://nationstree.org/compare/malaysia-vs-singapore. Data as of 26 October 2026.