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Turkmenistan · data for latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Countries / Turkmenistan
2025
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Turkmenistan

Europe & Central Asia Capital Ashgabat Upper middle income Nation age 35 years (since 1991) i TKM · TM
NationsTree Index 2025 i41.3124th of 196 Tree height 2025 i7.4 msee ranking Military strength i62percentile
Population i7.6 m103rd of 217 Area i491,209 km²54th of 216 GDP i$49.83 bn97th of 210 GDP (PPP) i$172.20 bn intl.86th of 199 GDP per person (PPP) i$22,602 intl.99th of 199 Life expectancy i70.2 years153rd of 217
Index pillars
Foundations · roots i52
Strength · trunk i34
Quality of life · crown i34
Problems (higher = fewer) · dry branches i37
Direction (5-year change) · new shoots i58
CSV

In short

Turkmenistan is 124th of 196 countries in the NationsTree Index, with a score of 41.3 out of 100; its tree is 7.4 m tall.

It has 7.6 million people and an economy of $172.20 bn at purchasing power parity, 86th of 199 in the world.

Its strongest positions: Access to electricity (1st of 215), General government gross debt (5th of 189) and Completed lower secondary, 25+ (5th of 153).

Its weakest positions: Voice & accountability (201st of 205), Regulatory quality (201st of 205) and Renewable energy (202nd of 212).

Over five years it climbed from 140th to 124th in the index.

All data

Data as of 26 October 2026

Latest available value for each indicator, with its year. World rank is among countries with recent data (last 5 years of the series).

Land & people

51
Surface area ikm² 491,209 54th/216
Land area ikm² 469,930 53rd/216
Population ipeople 7.6 m 103rd/217
Population growth i% 1.65% 64th/217
Population density ipeople/km² 15.9 198th/216
Urban population i% 47.1% 156th/217
Population aged 0–14 i% 31.2% 66th/217
Population aged 65+ i% 4.8% 153rd/217

Economy

63
GDP iUSD $49.83 bn 97th/210
GDP (PPP) iintl. USD $172.20 bn 86th/199
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) iintl. USD 2021 $147.15 bn 85th/199
GDP per person iUSD $6,540 127th/210
GDP per person (PPP) iintl. USD $22,602 99th/199
GNI per person (Atlas) iUSD $6,340 115th/201
GDP growth i% 6.3% 31st/210
Unemployment i% 4.3% 72nd/187
General government gross debt i% of GDP 3.1% 5th/189
Government budget balance i% of GDP 0.1% 36th/192

Main industries

61
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i% of GDP 12.4% 60th/197
Industry incl. construction i% of GDP 36.0% 26th/200
Manufacturing i% of GDP 20.5%2004
Services i% of GDP 48.9% 150th/200

Trade

27
Exports of goods & services iUSD $7.21 bn 119th/182
Imports of goods & services iUSD $6.82 bn 130th/182
Exports i% of GDP 14.5% 164th/183
Imports i% of GDP 13.7% 180th/183
Trade openness i% of GDP 28.2% 177th/183
Fuel exports i% of merchandise exports 81.0%2000
Manufactures exports i% of merchandise exports 6.9%2000
Food exports i% of merchandise exports 0.3%2000
Ores & metals exports i% of merchandise exports 0.4%2000
Current account balance i% of GDP 1.7% 59th/191
Foreign direct investment, inflows i% of GDP 1.4% 123rd/196

Natural resources

55
Natural resource rents i% of GDP 13.5% 36th/209
Oil rents i% of GDP 5.85% 25th/197
Natural gas rents i% of GDP 7.65% 9th/197
Coal rents i% of GDP 0.00% 68th/195
Mineral rents i% of GDP 0.00% 91st/209
Forest rents i% of GDP 0.00% 176th/209
Arable land i% of land area 3.5% 151st/206
Renewable freshwater per person im³ 194 166th/183

Tourism

International tourist arrivals iarrivals 380,0001998
Tourism receipts iUSD $46.0 m1997
Outbound trips idepartures 38,0002007

Society & health

54
Life expectancy iyears 70.2 153rd/217
Under-5 mortality iper 1,000 births 39.0 155th/196
Physicians iper 1,000 people 1.93 82nd/174
Hospital beds iper 1,000 people 3.6 46th/145
DPT immunization i% of children 12–23 months 98% 20th/193
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i% of adults 99.6% 5th/153
Secondary enrolment i% gross 94.6% 83rd/173
Old-age dependency ratio i% of working-age population 7.5% 151st/217
Health spending i% of GDP 5.5% 119th/193
Adult literacy i% 99.9% 5th/98
Tertiary enrolment i% gross 20.4% 123rd/150
Human Development Index iindex 0–1 0.764 95th/193
Income inequality (Gini) iindex 40.81998
Extreme poverty i% of population 35.1%1998

Infrastructure & digital

51
Access to electricity i% of population 100.0% 1st/215
Safely managed drinking water i% of population 94.9% 52nd/150
Internet users i% of population 18.0%2016
Mobile subscriptions iper 100 people 88 161st/210
Fixed broadband iper 100 people 5.2 139th/208
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) iscore 1–5 2.23 129th/164
Rail lines iroute-km 7,680 23rd/82
Air passengers carried ipassengers 1.1 m 96th/161

Environment & energy

28
CO₂ emissions per person it CO₂e 10.86 186th/203
Renewable energy i% of final energy use 0.1% 202nd/212
Air pollution (PM2.5) iµg/m³ 31.2 156th/200
Forest area i% of land area 5.0% 180th/214
Energy use per person ikg oil eq. 4,682 18th/149

Institutions & safety

14
Government effectiveness iscore 0–100 28.7 184th/205
Control of corruption iscore 0–100 21.7 189th/207
Rule of law iscore 0–100 35.3 190th/207
Political stability iscore 0–100 69.7 96th/207
Regulatory quality iscore 0–100 23.1 201st/205
Voice & accountability iscore 0–100 20.8 201st/205
Homicide rate iper 100,000 1.02015

Military

78
Military expenditure iUSD $111.9 m1999
Military expenditure i% of GDP 3.1%1999
Military expenditure i% of government spending 15.0%1999
Armed forces personnel ipeople 57,000 66th/170
Armed forces personnel i% of labour force 2.87% 17th/168
Arms imports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 382.0 m 30th/163

Science & innovation

12
R&D spending i% of GDP 0.09% 100th/110
Patent applications by residents iapplications 441999
Scientific articles iarticles 31 166th/197

Compare Turkmenistan with

CroatiaLithuaniaSerbiaSlovenia

Sources

Figures on this page come from: World Bank — World Development Indicators, International Monetary Fund — World Economic Outlook (DataMapper), Global Change Data Lab (Our World in Data) — Our World in Data, World Bank — Worldwide Governance Indicators . Nation age: Wikidata P571 (inception) (source). Every value is stored with its year and source series; see Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Turkmenistan — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/turkmenistan. Data as of 26 October 2026.

All figures come from official statistics published by public institutions (World Bank WDI and WGI, compiling UN agencies, IMF, WHO and national statistical offices). Each value carries its year; ranks are positions among countries with data.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Turkmenistan — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/turkmenistan. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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