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Panama · data for latest available · data as of 26 October 2026 · printed 27 Oct 2026
NationsTree / Countries / Panama
2025
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Panama

Latin America & Caribbean Capital Panama City High income Nation age 123 years (since 1903) i PAN · PA
NationsTree Index 2025 i45.5106th of 196 Tree height 2025 i8.2 msee ranking Military strength i24percentile
Population i4.6 m128th of 217 Area i75,320 km²119th of 216 GDP i$90.46 bn82nd of 210 GDP (PPP) i$200.69 bn intl.79th of 199 GDP per person (PPP) i$43,902 intl.62nd of 199 Life expectancy i79.8 years55th of 217
Index pillars
Foundations · roots i41
Strength · trunk i42
Quality of life · crown i61
Problems (higher = fewer) · dry branches i37
Direction (5-year change) · new shoots i43
CSV

In short

Panama is 106th of 196 countries in the NationsTree Index, with a score of 45.5 out of 100; its tree is 8.2 m tall.

It has 4.6 million people and an economy of $200.69 bn at purchasing power parity, 79th of 199 in the world.

Its strongest positions: Inflation (10th of 180), Renewable freshwater per person (19th of 183) and Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) (13th of 55).

Its weakest positions: Income inequality (Gini) (104th of 108), DPT immunization (165th of 193) and Homicide rate (121st of 145).

Over five years it climbed from 118th to 106th in the index.

All data

Data as of 26 October 2026

Latest available value for each indicator, with its year. World rank is among countries with recent data (last 5 years of the series).

Land & people

49
Surface area ikm² 75,320 119th/216
Land area ikm² 74,180 116th/216
Population ipeople 4.6 m 128th/217
Population growth i% 1.22% 84th/217
Population density ipeople/km² 60.9 144th/216
Urban population i% 66.2% 102nd/217
Population aged 0–14 i% 24.5% 97th/217
Population aged 65+ i% 9.7% 102nd/217

Economy

59
GDP iUSD $90.46 bn 82nd/210
GDP (PPP) iintl. USD $200.69 bn 79th/199
Real GDP (PPP, constant 2021 prices) iintl. USD 2021 $171.49 bn 79th/199
GDP per person iUSD $19,790 77th/210
GDP per person (PPP) iintl. USD $43,902 62nd/199
GNI per person (Atlas) iUSD $19,140 70th/201
GDP growth i% 4.4% 70th/210
Inflation i% -0.2% 10th/180
Unemployment i% 8.4% 137th/187
General government gross debt i% of GDP 56.6% 105th/189
Government budget balance i% of GDP -3.7% 123rd/192

Main industries

48
Agriculture, forestry, fishing i% of GDP 2.6% 135th/197
Industry incl. construction i% of GDP 24.9% 88th/200
Manufacturing i% of GDP 4.8% 155th/192
Services i% of GDP 70.0% 35th/200

Trade

51
Exports of goods & services iUSD $38.38 bn 75th/182
Imports of goods & services iUSD $34.02 bn 77th/182
Exports i% of GDP 44.4% 65th/183
Imports i% of GDP 39.3% 104th/183
Trade openness i% of GDP 83.7% 88th/183
Fuel exports i% of merchandise exports 0.9% 123rd/170
Manufactures exports i% of merchandise exports 12.6% 126th/171
Food exports i% of merchandise exports 49.6% 30th/171
Ores & metals exports i% of merchandise exports 32.6% 16th/171
High-tech exports i% of manufactured exports 1.8% 135th/168
Current account balance i% of GDP -0.2% 78th/191
Foreign direct investment, inflows i% of GDP 1.0% 139th/196

Natural resources

60
Natural resource rents i% of GDP 3.7% 83rd/209
Oil rents i% of GDP 0.00% 120th/197
Natural gas rents i% of GDP 0.00% 100th/197
Coal rents i% of GDP 0.00% 68th/195
Mineral rents i% of GDP 3.58% 29th/209
Forest rents i% of GDP 0.09% 116th/209
Arable land i% of land area 6.7% 122nd/206
Renewable freshwater per person im³ 31,040 19th/183

Tourism

50
International tourist arrivals iarrivals 647,000 113th/194
Tourism receipts iUSD $1.84 bn 52nd/175
Tourism receipts i% of exports 9.3% 61st/168
Outbound trips idepartures 401,000 83rd/107

Society & health

50
Life expectancy iyears 79.8 55th/217
Under-5 mortality iper 1,000 births 15.3 100th/196
Physicians iper 1,000 people 1.63 90th/174
Hospital beds iper 1,000 people 2.0 88th/145
DPT immunization i% of children 12–23 months 72% 165th/193
Completed lower secondary, 25+ i% of adults 64.7% 92nd/153
Secondary enrolment i% gross 76.6%2017
Social protection coverage (incl. pensions) i% of population 76.8% 13th/55
Old-age dependency ratio i% of working-age population 14.7% 99th/217
Health spending i% of GDP 8.3% 56th/193
Adult literacy i% 96.2% 31st/98
Tertiary enrolment i% gross 53.7% 74th/150
Human Development Index iindex 0–1 0.839 59th/193
Income inequality (Gini) iindex 49.7 104th/108
Extreme poverty i% of population 3.1% 70th/108

Infrastructure & digital

60
Access to electricity i% of population 96.0% 149th/215
Internet users i% of population 72.8% 118th/186
Mobile subscriptions iper 100 people 157 26th/210
Fixed broadband iper 100 people 18.1 92nd/208
Trade & transport infrastructure quality (LPI) iscore 1–5 3.30 43rd/164
Rail lines iroute-km 4852000
Air passengers carried ipassengers 15.8 m 41st/161

Environment & energy

59
CO₂ emissions per person it CO₂e 2.74 107th/203
Renewable energy i% of final energy use 28.0% 84th/212
Air pollution (PM2.5) iµg/m³ 15.1 84th/200
Forest area i% of land area 62.2% 26th/214
Energy use per person ikg oil eq. 1,002 90th/149

Institutions & safety

46
Government effectiveness iscore 0–100 56.8 86th/205
Control of corruption iscore 0–100 36.8 138th/207
Rule of law iscore 0–100 53.6 116th/207
Political stability iscore 0–100 69.9 95th/207
Regulatory quality iscore 0–100 53.4 105th/205
Voice & accountability iscore 0–100 66.5 72nd/205
Homicide rate iper 100,000 11.7 121st/145

Military

25
Military expenditure iUSD $0.00 154th/156
Military expenditure i% of GDP 0.0% 154th/156
Military expenditure i% of government spending 0.0% 152nd/154
Armed forces personnel ipeople 28,000 89th/170
Armed forces personnel i% of labour force 1.33% 48th/168
Arms exports (SIPRI TIV) iTIV 1.0 m2019

Science & innovation

30
R&D spending i% of GDP 0.20% 86th/110
Patent applications by residents iapplications 11 101st/137
Scientific articles iarticles 282 116th/197

Compare Panama with

BoliviaCosta RicaDominican RepublicEcuadorGuatemalaPuerto Rico (US)

Sources

Figures on this page come from: World Bank — World Development Indicators, International Monetary Fund — World Economic Outlook (DataMapper), Global Change Data Lab (Our World in Data) — Our World in Data, World Bank — Worldwide Governance Indicators . Nation age: Wikidata P571 (inception) (source). Every value is stored with its year and source series; see Sources & licences and Methodology.

Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Panama — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/panama. Data as of 26 October 2026.

All figures come from official statistics published by public institutions (World Bank WDI and WGI, compiling UN agencies, IMF, WHO and national statistical offices). Each value carries its year; ranks are positions among countries with data.
Cite as: NationsTree (2026). Panama — country profile. https://nationstree.org/countries/panama. Data as of 26 October 2026.
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